Production Casing Regains Integrity by Repairing Shallow Leak with Microfine Cement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshal Al-Khaldy ◽  
Dhari Al-Saadi ◽  
Mohammad Al-Ajmi ◽  
Mohammad Al-Banai ◽  
Ibrahim Elafify ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Damaged Zone ◽  
Microfine Cement ◽  
Integrity Assurance ◽  
The Right

Abstract While carrying out planned workover activities, production casing had to be tested to verify integrity. A shallow leak was observed across the production casing at about 1000 ft MD from surface. External and/or internal casing corrosion especially across relatively old wells, could lead to such inconsistency, moreover that major challenge to address and react such surprises online while operation meanwhile nothing to help as a pre-planning studies. Further production objectives require casing integrity as per ESP design to protect shallow aquifer sources. Numerous attempts to repair the casing leak by performing remedial squeeze operations utilizing conventional cement slurry designs proved unsuccessful. Other ideas were considered such as deploying a scab liner to cover the damaged casing section, however this was discounted as it would introduce undesirable borehole restrictions; as well as extra 6 days for running, cementing and clean-out. A novel engineered approach with Microfine cement slurry design squeezed into the damaged zone successfully regained casing and well integrity, while maintaining full borehole access through the production casing, thus saving rig time and tangible cost. Well drilling operations should be carefully designed and executed targeting the integrity assurance by providing the right casing metallurgy and good cementation for proper zonal isolation behind individual casing strings to mitigate external casing corrosion and act as the first line of defense against corrosion and any potential leakage or cross flow among different formations across the life span of the well. Well completions should be installed / tested considering the protection of inner production casing / liner from getting in prolonged contact with wellbore fluids, to avoid excessive internal corrosion and achieve reservoir fluid containment across the life of the well. A proactive approach been raised to acquire production casing / liners corrosion logs across workover activities especially regarding old wells to enable the mapping and interpretation of casing wall thickness / corrosion progress along the well life. That approach could aid in predicting the condition of production strings before commencing planned workover activity; and thus justify the availability of back-up repair plan to maintain rig operations and avoid any unscheduled operational surprises and possible strategic production rate defer.

Infill Depleted Gas Well Cementing Challenges for Offshore Myanmar Drilling Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajita Ang C K Ang ◽  
Avinash A Kumar Kumar ◽  
Syazwan B A Ghani Ghani ◽  
Nann N N Maung Nann ◽  
M Hanif Yusof Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Production ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Depletion Rate ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Remedial Work

Abstract Infill well drilling was planned and executed to increase production in a significantly depleted field. A total of 3 infill wells were drilled in 2 different layers of reservoir for an offshore operator in Myanmar. In the offset wells, water production had become significantly higher throughout. Previously all offset wells in this field were completed with open hole sand screens was chosen to isolate the water bearing sand in the sand reservoir below. Pore pressure prognosis were calculated from offset well depletion rate. Reservoir formation properties is assumed to be same throughout the field. The first well was drilled and was found that there were two gas water contacts through the 3 targeted sand layers. The gas water contact and WUT (Water Up To) in this well were unexpected and it was prognosed that these gas water contact are there due to compartmentalization. The 7" liner were set and cemented throughout these reservoirs. The cement job went as per the plan and there were no losses recorded during cementing. However, initial cement log did not show isolation. 2 more runs of cement log were performed 6 days and 10 days later while conducting intervention activities on other wells. All three cement log came to the same conclusion, showing no isolation throughout the annulus of the 7" production liner. Significant amount of gas had percolated into the annulus over time. Despite no evidence of poor cement slurry design observed during running various sensitivity studies and post-job lab tests final cement log, which was conducted under pressure and confirmed no hydraulic isolation. A cement remedial job was planned and an investigation was conducted to identify the plausible root causes. This paper explains on the root causes of poor cement presence in the annulus, and the remedial work that took place to rectify the issue.

scholarly journals Design of Cross Flow Heat Exchanger Using Performance Charts

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Arfaj ◽  
Nasser Al Mulhim ◽  
Abdullah Al Mulhim ◽  
Ahmed Al Naim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Dimensionless Parameters ◽  
Flow Heat ◽  
The Right

The manuscript reviews the various steps involved in the design of a cross flow heat exchanger. Performance charts describing the thermal performance of the heat exchanger in terms of dimensionless parameters are used to develop the preliminary design of the heat exchanger. The preliminary design involves choosing the required number of heat exchanger passes, the required number of transfer units (NTU) and the capacity rate ratio for a given heat transfer application. These dimensionless parameters account for material, flow and thermal characteristics of the heat exchanger. In addition, NTU accounts for heat exchanger size, flow configuration and the type of heat exchanger. Since the preliminary design accounts for all the major characteristics of the heat exchanger, this approach is beneficial in optimizing the heat exchanger during the design phase. Performance charts indicate that indefinitely increasing the surface area (or NTU) does not increase the rate of heat transfer. There exists a threshold limit beyond which increasing the surface area adds no benefit to the heat exchanger. Instead, it just adds weight, material and cost of the heat exchanger. It must be noted that an undersized heat exchanger for a given application may not deliver the required heat transfer and while an oversized heat exchanger will increase the capital cost. Hence, it is very important to choose the right parameters during design of a heat exchanger. From the preliminary design, the detailed design for the heat exchanger can be readily extrapolated. The benefits of using performance charts in the design of a cross flow heat exchanger are described in the manuscript.

scholarly journals Recipe of Lightweight Slurry with High Early Strength of the Resultant Cement Sheath

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Kremieniewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Bonding Time ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Cement Sheath ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Geophysical Measurements

Admixtures of mineral or waste filling materials are used to reduce slurry density. However, the sheath made of lightweight cement slurry has low mechanical performance at the initial bonding time. The required strength is achieved later. This is the main problem when evaluating the cement bond logging. The waiting time for geophysical measurements after injecting and bonding of cement is nowadays increasingly shortened. This is forced by economic factors. Too early geophysical measurements may result in obtaining a false indication of the cement bond logging. The lack of cement or partial bonding, despite the presence of slurry in the annular space is then found. The slurry developed by the author achieves high compressive strength after a short bonding time. Reducing the amount of water in the slurry resulted in a lowered filtration value. This is important in preventing gas migration after the cementing. The designed slurry also reaches the value of 3.5 MPa in a short time. This allows for an earlier commencement of a well drilling. The use of said slurry improves the effectiveness of the well sealing and makes it possible to obtain a reliable knowledge of the bond logging.

Practical Cases: Geohazards on RoW Generated by Third Party Damage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Oliveros ◽  
John Malpartida ◽  
Alberto Melo ◽  
Christian Rosario ◽  
Marcos Mecatti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Right

Abstract Camisea Pipeline Transportation System (PTS) in Peru, owned by Transportadora de Gas del Perú (TGP) and operated by Compañía Operadora de Gas (COGA), begins in the Amazon rainforest, crosses the Andes Mountains (4850msnm) and finally descends towards the Pacific coast. The PTS has been operating for more than 10 years and it has Natural Gas (NG) and Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) transportation pipelines. The NG pipeline is 888km long which includes two Loops (105km and 18km in the coast and mountain sectors, respectively). NGL pipeline is 557km long. From the beginning (0 km) to 210 km, the Right of Way (RoW) is located in the geotechnical context of the Amazon rainforest. Then, between km 210 and km 420, the PTS crosses the mountain chain of the Andes. Finally, between km 420 and Km 730 the RoW is located on the Peruvian Pacific coast. TGP’s operation of the PTS identifies, analyzes and controls the different types of threats that can affect the integrity of the pipelines. The operation is developed according to international standards defined in the Pipeline Integrity Management (PIM) of the operation. Consequently, hazards such as Third Party Damage (TPD), geohazard, external and internal corrosion, among others, are analyzed. However, associated to the economic growth and development of Peru, there have been some cases where the intervention of a person, community or industrial activity in the surroundings of the RoW has resulted in the level of geohazards are spontaneously modified and activated. Consequently, the degree of stability of the RoW is necessary to analyze the integrity of the NG and NGL pipelines. This article describes the occurrence of some practical cases where there was a change in the stability of the RoW of the TGP’s PTS triggered by activities related to TPD. It is highlighted that the identification, analysis, definition and execution of mitigation actions are carried out in a transversal way which involves the participation of different operational areas such as: Integral Maintenance, Geotechnics, Integrity, Social Management, among others. All the activities are done with the approach of keeping the balance between community, environment and infrastructure. Some of the cases considered are: Flood and scour of the RoW triggered by the failure of a water tank in an industrial area, scour of channels due the obstructions and an unstable slope process generated by constructions near the RoW. Today, the operation develops activities in order to mitigate geohazards generated by TPD. Some of these activities are, among others: Social awareness, technical talks, agreements with industrial and local administration entities, geotechnical maintenance and monitoring. In addition, it is highlighted that all the mentioned mitigation actions are carried out in a transversal manner between different operational areas. Afterward, the collected information is properly saved in the Geographic Information System database.

Novel Resin-Cement Blend to Improve Well Integrity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Wagle ◽  
Abdullah Saleh Al-Yami ◽  
Sara AlKhalaf ◽  
Khawlah Abdulaziz Alanqari ◽  
Wajid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Cement System ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Primary Cementing ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
The Right

Abstract A good primary cementing job governs in a great part the producing performance of a well. Successful zonal isolation, which is the main objective of any cementing job, primarily depends on the right cement design. The resin-based cement system, which is a relatively new technology within the oil industry has the potential to replace conventional cement in critical primary cementing applications. This paper describes the lab-testing and field deployment of the resin-based cement systems. The resin-based cement systems were deployed in those well sections where a potential high-pressure influx was expected. The resin-based cement system, which was placed as a tail slurry was designed to have better mechanical properties as compared to the conventional cement systems. The paper describes the process used to get the right resin-based cement slurry design and how its application was important to the success of the cementing jobs. The cement job was executed successfully and met all the zonal-isolation objectives. The resin-based cement's increased shear bond strength and better mechanical properties were deemed to be instrumental in providing a reliable barrier that would thwart any future issues arising due to sustained casing pressure (SCP). This paper describes the required lab-testing, lab-evaluation, and the successful field deployment of the resin-based cement systems.

On the definition of thermo-physical properties of drilling mud and cement slurry in well drilling

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
O.I. Gasymov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conductivity ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Accurate Solution ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Thermal Exchange ◽  
Slurry Flows ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Drilling Muds

A great number of studies are dedicated to the definition of heat conductivity of drilling muds and cement slurries. It should be noted that existing works on the specification of heat conductivity of the drilling mud are based on either experimental or theoretical studies in which well conditions are reflected incompletely. Considering all above-mentioned aspects, the practical interest consists in the definition of thermal conductivity of drilling muds and cement slurries in well drilling on the basis of the data obtained at the wellhead during unsteady processes execution. The paper offers the method of definition of the heat conductivity of drilling mud and cement slurry flows based on the data of temperature change at the well entry and exit through the time, which can be recorded directly at the wellhead. The method is based on the accurate solution of reverse problem of thermal exchange in the movement of drilling mud and cement slurry via Laplas transformation.

Drilling and Completion Techniques for High-Temperature Geothermal Wells

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
Jia Nian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Repeated Impact ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Ratio Effect ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Bit Life ◽  
High Temperature Compressive Strength

The high temperature formation, strong abrasiveness, numerous fractures and caves are the main problems of high temperature geothermal well drilling, cementing. Cone bit teeth repeated impact tests show that bit life mainly affected by tooth shape, materials, solid tooth technology. Setting special materials around the teeth and adjusting the fitting wring will improve the life of cone bit teeth. Study of quartz sand amount and fineness ratio effect on cement high temperature compressive strength, permeability show that optimization of high temperature cement slurry can improve the high temperature leakage zone cementing sealing and long-term effectiveness.

Numerical Study on Cross-Flow around Three Cylinders Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 311-315
Author(s):  
Xiang Cui Lv ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Dian Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Method ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Evolution Process ◽  
Spacing Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
Boltzmann Method

The flow around three cylinders in isosceles left-triangle and right-triangle configurations at Reynolds number of 200 are investigated using lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Vortex shedding pattern and evolution process in the wake of each cylinder in the two cases are analyzed with a spacing ratio of 4. Results show that the flow pattern in the right-triangle configuration is symmetrical and the vortex shedding is anti-phase. Meanwhile, vortex shedding in-phase is observed in the left-triangle configuration which is due to the effect of the periodical vortex shedding behind upstream cylinder. The evolution process of vortex in the wakes of the cylinders for left-triangle configuration is simulated numerically.

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