This chapter highlights the challenge of meeting conservation goals in the face of a rapidly expanding human population, and advocates for the conservation community to expand its focus from the siting of protected areas to also include spatial planning for how to achieve development objectives. A framework entitled, Development by Design, is introduced to proactively identify when development impacts are compatible with conservation goals and when they are not, and to invest as much analysis into anticipating where development is likely to occur as into biodiversity needs. This chapter examines two applications of this framework—oil and gas development in the western USA and mining in Mongolia, documenting how a mix of stakeholder engagement, strong science, and ultimately a willingness to compromise can not only produce significant conservation gains but also meet economic objectives.
OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL PROSPECTS OF SEDIMENTERY COMPLEX OF THE SOUTH KARA PETROLEUM REGION