Everywhere is Nowhere: A Systematic Review of Menstrual Health and Hygiene Management (MHHM) as a Human Right

Abstract Background: In many countries, stigma surrounds menstruation, which impacts several Sustainable Development Goals, including good health, quality education, gender equality, and water and sanitation. Despite its relationship with several development issues, menstrual health and hygiene management among adolescents has until recently been ignored by practitioners and researchers. This paper is a systematic review of existing literature and argues that menstrual health and hygiene management is a human rights issue, cross-cutting through development domains of health, education, nutrition, child protection, and water, sanitation, and hygiene. Methods: Four coders independently screened PubMed, Academic OneFile, and Google Scholar to obtain articles using iterations of the key terms: menstrual health; adolescents; health outcomes; education; nutrition; water, sanitation, and hygiene; and child protection. English language primary studies in peer-reviewed or grey literature articles published after 2000, that mentioned adolescents, health or hygiene, and menstruation or menstrual were included. A 9-item scale was used to rate selected full-text articles as strong, moderate, or weak. Synthesis of the results were narrative and examined the relationships between menstrual health and hygiene management and the cross-cutting domains.Results: In total, 28,745 articles were screened, with 84 articles included in the full-text review and quality assessment. Nine articles were coded as “strong” (10.8%), 46 (55.4%) as “moderate,” and 28 (33.7%) as “weak.” More than 60% of the articles examined the relationship between menstrual health and hygiene management and health (37.3%) or water, sanitation, and hygiene (25.3%). Only 11 manuscripts examined menstrual health and hygiene management as a cross-cutting issue impacting more than one development domain.Conclusions: Access to adequate facilities and menstrual health and hygiene management resources are the most common relationships documented within literature. However, there is little focus on menstrual health and hygiene management in the context of other development domains, highlighting the fact that poor menstrual health and hygiene management has not been studied as a human rights issue, negatively impacting millions of girls. Using a cross-cutting, human rights framework to address inadequate menstrual health and hygiene management is fundamental to promoting menstrual health and hygiene management with dignity among girls and women across the globe.

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Fathers’ Experiences of Pregnancy and Childbirth with Particular Interest in Migrant Fathers: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1029206/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andy Mprah ◽

Melanie Haith-Cooper ◽

Eva Duda-Mikulin ◽

Fiona Meddings

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Maternity Care ◽

Full Text ◽

English Language ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽

The North ◽

Quantitative Studies

Abstract ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to consider factors that influence the experiences of pregnancy and childbirth by fathers with particular interest in migrant fathers.MethodA systematic review and narrative synthesis were conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines. The spider tool was used to build a search strategy which was used to conduct literature search in eight identified electronic databases: ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PUBMED, Sage and Scopus. Grey literature was searched through the King’s Fund Library database, Ethos, The North Grey Literature Collection, Social Care Online and other charity websites such as the Refugee Council and Joseph Rowntree Foundation. The search was conducted across all the databases in the week commencing January 7, 2019 and restricted to studies published in the English language.ResultsThe search across all the eight electronic databases identified 2564 records, 13 records through grey literature databases/websites and an additional 23 records identified through hand-searching/forward citation. The number of records after duplicates were removed was 2229. Record screening based on titles and abstracts identified 69 records for full text screening. Dual screening of these full text records identified 12 full records from 12 separate studies, eight of which were qualitative studies, three of which were quantitative studies and one mixed method study.FindingsThis review has revealed three main themes: influence of society and health professionals; adjustment to a new life of fatherhood; and involvement in maternity care. The literature of fathers’ experiences of pregnancy and childbirth is dominated by native fathers’ experiences at the detriment of migrant fathers more specifically forced migrant fathers who are most vulnerable.Key Conclusion and Implications for practiceThis review has exposed a dearth of research on migrant fathers’ experiences of pregnancy and childbirth. Midwives and other health professionals should be alert to the needs of any father when providing maternity care. More research is needed which considers the heterogeneity of migrants and how choosing to move to a new country or being forced to move could influence migrant father’s experiences and therefore their needs.

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Use of Apps to Promote Childhood Vaccination: Protocol for a Systematic Review

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/16929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e16929

Author(s):

Michelle Helena Van Velthoven ◽

Madison Milne-Ives ◽

Caroline de Cock ◽

Mary Mooney ◽

Edward Meinert

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

English Language ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Information Storage ◽

Childhood Vaccination ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Technical Standards

Background The decline in the uptake of routine childhood vaccinations has resulted in outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccination apps can be used as a tool to promote immunization through the provision of reminders, dissemination of information, peer support, and feedback. Objective The aim of this review is to systematically review the evidence on the use of apps to support childhood vaccination uptake, information storage, and record sharing. Methods We will identify relevant papers by searching the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase by Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). We will review the reference lists of those studies that we include to identify relevant additional papers not initially identified using our search strategy. In addition to the use of electronic databases, we will search for grey literature on the topic. The search strategy will include only terms relating to or describing the intervention, which is app use. As almost all titles and abstracts are in English, 100% of these will be reviewed, but retrieval will be confined to papers written in the English language. We will record the search outcome on a specifically designed record sheet. Two reviewers will select observational and intervention studies, appraise the quality of the studies, and extract the relevant data. All studies will involve the use of apps relating to child vaccinations. The primary outcome is the uptake of vaccinations. Secondary outcomes are as follows: (1) use of app for sharing of information and providing vaccination reminders and (2) use of app for storage of vaccination information; knowledge and decision making by parents regarding vaccination (ie, risks and benefits of vaccination); costs and cost-effectiveness of vaccination apps; use of the app and measures of usability (eg, usefulness, acceptability, and experiences of different users: parents and health care professionals); use of technical standards for development of the app; and adverse events (eg, data leaks and misinformation). We will exclude studies that do not study an app. We anticipate a limited scope for meta-analysis and will provide a narrative overview of findings and tabular summaries of extracted data. Results This project was funded by the Sir David Cooksey Fellowship in Healthcare Translation at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. We will submit the full systematic review for publication in the Journal of Medical Internet Research. Conclusions This review will follow, where possible, the Cochrane Collaboration and the Centre for Review and Dissemination methodologies for conducting systematic reviews. We will report our findings based on guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The review results will be used to inform the development of a vaccination app. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16929

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Care of the Postpartum Patient in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review with Implications for Maternal Mortality

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732455 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kellie A. Mitchell ◽

Alison J. Haddock ◽

Hamad Husainy ◽

Lauren A. Walter ◽

Indranee Rajapreyar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Social Services ◽

Full Text ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

English Language ◽

Case Reports ◽

Private Insurance ◽

Maternal Deaths

Objective Approximately one-third of maternal deaths occur postpartum. Little is known about the intersection between the postpartum period, emergency department (ED) use, and opportunities to reduce maternal mortality. The primary objectives of this systematic review are to explore the incidence of postpartum ED use, identify postpartum disease states that are evaluated in the ED, and summarize postpartum ED use by race/ethnicity and payor source. Study Design We searched PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane CENTRAL, Social Services Abstracts, and Scopus from inception to September 19, 2019. Each identified abstract was screened by two authors; the full-text manuscripts of all studies deemed to be potential candidates were then reviewed by the same two authors and included if they were full-text, peer-reviewed articles in the English language with primary patient data reporting care of a female in the ED in the postpartum period, defined as up to 1 year after the end of pregnancy. Results A total of 620 were screened, 354 records were excluded and 266 full-text articles were reviewed. Of the 266 full-text articles, 178 were included in the systematic review; of these, 108 were case reports. Incidence of ED use by postpartum females varied from 4.8 to 12.2% in the general population. Infection was the most common reason for postpartum ED evaluation. Young females of minority race and those with public insurance were more likely than whites and those with private insurance to use the ED. Conclusion As many as 12% of postpartum women seek care in the ED. Young minority women of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to use the ED. Since approximately one-third of maternal deaths occur in the postpartum period, successful efforts to reduce maternal mortality must include ED stakeholders. Systematic Review Registration CRD42020151126. Key Points

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Built to last? The sustainability of health system improvements, interventions and change strategies: a study protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018568 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e018568 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jeffrey Braithwaite ◽

Luke Testa ◽

Gina Lamprell ◽

Jessica Herkes ◽

Kristiana Ludlow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health System ◽

Health Systems ◽

Full Text ◽

English Language ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Change Strategies ◽

Screening Process ◽

Sustainable Health

IntroductionThe sustainability of healthcare interventions and change programmes is of increasing importance to researchers and healthcare stakeholders interested in creating sustainable health systems to cope with mounting stressors. The aim of this protocol is to extend earlier work and describe a systematic review to identify, synthesise and draw meaning from studies published within the last 5 years that measure the sustainability of interventions, improvement efforts and change strategies in the health system.Methods and analysisThe protocol outlines a method by which to execute a rigorous systematic review. The design includes applying primary and secondary data collection techniques, consisting of a comprehensive database search complemented by contact with experts, and searching secondary databases and reference lists, using snowballing techniques. The review and analysis process will occur via an abstract review followed by a full-text screening process. The inclusion criteria include English-language, peer-reviewed, primary, empirical research articles published after 2011 in scholarly journals, for which the full text is available. No restrictions on location will be applied. The review that results from this protocol will synthesise and compare characteristics of the included studies. Ultimately, it is intended that this will help make it easier to identify and design sustainable interventions, improvement efforts and change strategies.Ethics and disseminationAs no primary data were collected, ethical approval was not required. Results will be disseminated in conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and among policymaker bodies interested in creating sustainable health systems.

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Artificial Intelligence Techniques: Analysis, Application, and Outcome in Dentistry—A Systematic Review

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/9751564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Naseer Ahmed ◽

Maria Shakoor Abbasi ◽

Filza Zuberi ◽

Warisha Qamar ◽

Mohamad Syahrizal Bin Halim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Patient Management ◽

English Language ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Research Question ◽

Time Saving ◽

Artificial Intelligence Techniques ◽

Clinical Scenarios

Objective. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the quality and outcome of studies into artificial intelligence techniques, analysis, and effect in dentistry. Materials and Methods. Using the MeSH keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), dentistry, AI in dentistry, neural networks and dentistry, machine learning, AI dental imaging, and AI treatment recommendations and dentistry. Two investigators performed an electronic search in 5 databases: PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect databases (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and the Cochrane Collaboration (Wiley). The English language articles reporting on AI in different dental specialties were screened for eligibility. Thirty-two full-text articles were selected and systematically analyzed according to a predefined inclusion criterion. These articles were analyzed as per a specific research question, and the relevant data based on article general characteristics, study and control groups, assessment methods, outcomes, and quality assessment were extracted. Results. The initial search identified 175 articles related to AI in dentistry based on the title and abstracts. The full text of 38 articles was assessed for eligibility to exclude studies not fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Six articles not related to AI in dentistry were excluded. Thirty-two articles were included in the systematic review. It was revealed that AI provides accurate patient management, dental diagnosis, prediction, and decision making. Artificial intelligence appeared as a reliable modality to enhance future implications in the various fields of dentistry, i.e., diagnostic dentistry, patient management, head and neck cancer, restorative dentistry, prosthetic dental sciences, orthodontics, radiology, and periodontics. Conclusion. The included studies describe that AI is a reliable tool to make dental care smooth, better, time-saving, and economical for practitioners. AI benefits them in fulfilling patient demand and expectations. The dentists can use AI to ensure quality treatment, better oral health care outcome, and achieve precision. AI can help to predict failures in clinical scenarios and depict reliable solutions. However, AI is increasing the scope of state-of-the-art models in dentistry but is still under development. Further studies are required to assess the clinical performance of AI techniques in dentistry.

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Interventions to Mitigate COVID-19 Misinformation: Protocol for a Scoping Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-416531/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Navin Kumar ◽

Nathan Walter ◽

Kate Nyhan ◽

Kaveh Khoshnood ◽

Joseph D Tucker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Scoping Review ◽

English Language ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Open Science ◽

Original Research ◽

Study Selection ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Science Framework

Abstract Background: The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic depends in a large part on individual and societal actions which is influenced by the quality and salience of the information to which they are exposed. Unfortunately, COVID-19 misinformation has proliferated. To date, no systematic efforts have been made to evaluate interventions that mitigate COVID-19-related misinformation. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of interventions that mitigate COVID-19-related misinformation.Methods: A scoping review focusing on interventions that mitigate COVID-19 misinformation will be conducted. We will search (from January 2020 onwards) MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Africa-Wide Information, Global Health, WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease Database, WHO Global Index Medicus, and Sociological Abstracts. Grey literature will be identified using Disaster Lit, Google Scholar, Open Science Framework, governmental websites and preprint servers (e.g. EuropePMC, PsyArXiv, MedRxiv, JMIR Preprints). Study selection will conform to Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2020 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Only English language, original studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g. frequencies) and qualitative (e.g. content and thematic analysis) methods.Discussion: Original research is urgently needed to design interventions to mitigate COVID-19 misinformation. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap.Systematic Review registrations: Systematic Review Registration: Open Science Framework (osf/io/etw9d).

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Practice Note: Why We Started Talking About Menstruation—Looking Back (and Looking Forward) with the UN Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation

The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_37 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 475-483

Author(s):

Virginia Roaf ◽

Catarina de Albuquerque

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Gender Stereotypes ◽

Access To Education ◽

Special Rapporteur ◽

Water And Sanitation ◽

Sanitation And Hygiene ◽

Menstrual Health ◽

Women And Girls ◽

The Many ◽

Looking Back

Abstract In this conversation, Catarina de Albuquerque, former UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights to water and sanitation, and her former advisor, Virginia Roaf, discuss how menstrual health and menstruation have become critical to understanding the contribution that the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector can make to ensuring gender equality. They look back at country missions and the many conversations with women and girls that led to a closer examination of how stigma around menstruation limits access to education, work, and a life in dignity. WASH provides a strong entry point for addressing taboos relating to menstruation, but the authors identify that one must get past this often technical understanding to address deeply entrenched gender stereotypes.

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A Systematic Review of Culturally Competent Family Violence Responses to Women in Primary Care

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/15248380211046968 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152483802110469

Author(s):

Bijaya Pokharel ◽

Jane Yelland ◽

Leesa Hooker ◽

Angela Taft

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Primary Care ◽

Family Violence ◽

Culturally Diverse ◽

English Language ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Care Practice ◽

Culturally Competent ◽

Discussion Section ◽

Published Evidence

Existing culturally competent models of care and guidelines are directing the responses of healthcare providers to culturally diverse populations. However, there is a lack of research into how or if these models and guidelines can be translated into the primary care context of family violence. This systematic review aimed to synthesise published evidence to explore the components of culturally competent primary care response for women experiencing family violence. We define family violence as any form of abuse perpetrated against a woman either by her intimate partner or the partner’s family member. We included English language peer-reviewed articles and grey literature items that explored interactions between culturally diverse women experiencing family violence and their primary care clinicians. We refer women of migrant and refugee backgrounds, Indigenous women and women of ethnic minorities collectively as culturally diverse women. We searched eight electronic databases and websites of Australia-based relevant organisations. Following a critical interpretive synthesis of 28 eligible peer-reviewed articles and 16 grey literature items, we generated 11 components of culturally competent family violence related primary care. In the discussion section, we interpreted our findings using an ecological framework to develop a model of care that provides insights into how components at the primary care practice level should coordinate with components at the primary care provider level to enable efficient support to these women experiencing family violence. The review findings are applicable beyond the family violence primary care context.

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Estimating the incubation period of acute Q fever, a systematic review

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881700303x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (6) ◽

pp. 665-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. Todkill ◽

T. Fowler ◽

J.I. Hawker

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Full Text ◽

English Language ◽

Q Fever ◽

Expert Advice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Individual Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Acute Q Fever

AbstractEstimates of the incubation period for Q fever vary substantially between different reviews and expert advice documents. We systematically reviewed and quality appraised the literature to provide an evidence-based estimate of the incubation period of the Q fever by the aerosolised infection route. Medline (OVIDSP) and EMBASE were searched with the search limited to human studies and English language. Eligible studies included persons with symptomatic, acute Q fever, and defined exposure toCoxiella burnetti. After review of 7115 titles and abstracts, 320 records were screened at full-text level. Of these, 23 studies contained potentially useful data and were quality assessed, with eight studies (with 403 individual cases where the derivation of incubation period was possible) being of sufficient quality and providing individual-level data to produce a pooled summary. We found a median incubation period of 18 days, with 95% of cases expected to occur between 7 and 32 days after exposure.

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Maltreatment in childhood substantially increases the risk of adult depression and anxiety in prospective cohort studies: systematic review, meta-analysis, and proportional attributable fractions

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291715002743 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 717-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 171

Author(s):

M. Li ◽

C. D'Arcy ◽

X. Meng

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Childhood Maltreatment ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attributable Fractions

BackgroundLiterature supports a strong relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental illness but most studies reviewed are cross-sectional and/or use recall to assess maltreatment and are thus prone to temporality and recall bias. Research on the potential prospective impact of maltreatment reduction on the incidence of psychiatric disorders is scarce.MethodElectronic databases and grey literature from 1990 to 2014 were searched for English-language cohort studies with criteria for depression and/or anxiety and non-recall measurement of childhood maltreatment. Systematic review with meta-analysis synthesized the results. Study quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias were examined. Initial screening of titles and abstracts resulted in 199 papers being reviewed. Eight high-quality articles met eligibility criteria. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) estimated potential preventive impact.ResultsThe pooled odds ratio (OR) between any type of maltreatment and depression was 2.03 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–3.01] and 2.70 (95% CI 2.10–3.47) for anxiety. For specific types of maltreatment and depression or anxiety disorders, the ORs were: physical abuse (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.25–3.19), sexual abuse (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.88–3.75), and neglect (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.35–2.23). PAFs suggest that over one-half of global depression and anxiety cases are potentially attributable to self-reported childhood maltreatment. A 10–25% reduction in maltreatment could potentially prevent 31.4–80.3 million depression and anxiety cases worldwide.ConclusionThis review provides robust evidence of childhood maltreatment increasing the risk for depression and anxiety, and reinforces the need for effective programs and policies to reduce its occurrence.

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