scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multicentric observational study in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gurung ◽  
Johan Wrammert ◽  
Avinash K Sunny ◽  
Rejina Gurung ◽  
Netra Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers aged less than 20 years (aOR 1.26 ;1.15-1.39) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.41; 1.22-1.64), literate mothers (aOR 1.21; 1.08-1.35) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.17; 1.07-1.27). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 1.13; 1.01-1.26), use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.26; 1.17-1.35) and sex of baby (aOR 1.18; 1.11-1.26); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.33; 1.20-1.48), multiple delivery (aOR 6.63; 5.16-8.52), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 3.27; 2.21-4.84), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.13; 1.05-1.22) and third trimester (aOR 1.24; 1.12-1.38), <4 antenatal visits during pregnancy (aOR 1.49; 1.38-1.61) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities. Trial registration: ISRCTN30829654

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multi-centric observational study for 14 months in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gurung ◽  
Johan Wrammert ◽  
Avinash K Sunny ◽  
Rejina Gurung ◽  
Netra Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers aged less than 20 years (aOR 1.26 ;1.15-1.39) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.41; 1.22-1.64), literate mothers (aOR 1.21; 1.08-1.35) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.17; 1.07-1.27). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 1.13; 1.01-1.26), use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.26; 1.17-1.35) and sex of baby (aOR 1.18; 1.11-1.26); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.33; 1.20-1.48), multiple delivery (aOR 6.63; 5.16-8.52), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 3.27; 2.21-4.84), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.13; 1.05-1.22) and third trimester (aOR 1.24; 1.12-1.38), <4 antenatal visits during pregnancy (aOR 1.49; 1.38-1.61) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities. Trial registration: ISRCTN30829654

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multicentric observational study in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gurung ◽  
Johan Wrammert ◽  
Avinash K Sunny ◽  
Rejina Gurung ◽  
Netra Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal. Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers with age less than 20 years (aOR 1.21; 1.09-1.34) and 35 years and above (aOR 1.30; 1.05-1.63) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.90; 1.66-2.19), literate mothers (aOR 1.48; 1.33-1.65) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.25; 1.14-1.38). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 2.02; .84-2.22) and use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.38; 1.28-1.50); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.44; 1.28-1.61), multiple delivery (aOR 1.92; 1.33-2.76), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 2.43; 1.55-3.82), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.10; 1.02-1.19) and third trimester (aOR 1.44; 1.30-1.60) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities.

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multi-centric observational study for 14 months in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gurung ◽  
Johan Wrammert ◽  
Avinash K. Sunny ◽  
Rejina Gurung ◽  
Netra Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Incidence Risk

scholarly journals Study of risk factors for preterm deliveries in a tertiary hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 3032
Author(s):  
Sapna D. Berry ◽  
Rajeev Sood ◽  
Kalpna Negi ◽  
Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
History Of

Background: Preterm labour and preterm deliveries are very challenging obstetric complications. Early identification of risk factors may help identify women at risk for preterm deliveries.Methods: A one-year observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from 1st August 2017 to 31st July 2018. All mothers who delivered between 24 to 37 weeks were subjected to a detailed history with respect to age, parity, previous pregnancy outcomes and to identify the presence of any risk factors. A thorough obstetric and systemic examination was done. Parametric and non-parametric test of significance were used to find the association between different quantitative and qualitative variable.Results: Incidence of preterm deliveries was 11.4%. Maximum cases were of age group 25-30 years. 71.7% belonged to lower socio-economic status. 54% cases were seen in multigravida. History of previous abortion was seen in 18.4% and 9.7% had history of preterm deliveries. 12% cases had history of 1st trimester bleeding.  Spontaneous onset of preterm labour was seen in 55.1%. The significant risk factors associated were PIH and genitourinary infections.Conclusions: The risk factors of preterm birth to a large extent can be identified in antenatal period. Adolescent health education including good nutrition, good hygiene, counselling for contraception to reduce unintended pregnancies and birth spacing can lower the preterm birth rate. Better prenatal care, early identification of risk factors and complicated cases, regular follow up and proper management can help us in reducing preterm births.

scholarly journals The impact of socio-demographic factors on the survival of cancer patients in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idika E. Okorie ◽  
Ricardo Moyo ◽  
Saralees Nadarajah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Female Cancer Patients ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe provide a survival analysis of cancer patients in Zimbabwe. Our results show that young cancer patients have lower but not significant hazard rate compared to old cancer patients. Male cancer patients have lower but not significant hazard rate compared to female cancer patients. Race and marital status are significant risk factors for cancer patients in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Magnitude of spontaneous preterm birth and its associated factors among preterm birth in NICU wards in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Asella, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052110346
Author(s):  
Techane Sisay Tuji ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake ◽  
Gezahegn Badeg Adere ◽  
Aselefu Beka Wedajo ◽  
Batu Dekeba Obole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective To assess the prevalence of spontaneous preterm births and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods This single-centre cross-sectional study enrolled women that experienced a preterm birth as registered on the neonatal log-book between 30 December 2019 and 30 December 2020. A pre-tested structured checklist was used to collect data (sociodemographic characteristics; obstetric-related factors; medical history; and pregnancy-related factors). Bivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth. A multivariate model identified significant independent risk factors. Results A total of 310 patients participated in the study. The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in this population was 67.1% (208 of 310; 95% confidence interval [CI] 61.5, 71.9). Patients without a partner (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.470, 95% CI 1.23, 4.42), patients residing in a rural area (AOR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.123, 5.513) and those with a history of PIH during their current pregnancy (AOR = 0.104, 95% CI 0.053, 0.014) were significantly more likely to have a spontaneous preterm birth. Conclusion The prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth in in this study was high. Healthcare providers and all stakeholders should focus on screening pregnant women at the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.

Impact of smoking and fetal gender on preterm delivery

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Veronika Günther ◽  
Ibrahim Alkatout ◽  
Alexandra Stein ◽  
Nicolai Maass ◽  
Alexander Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
World Health ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Gender ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Abstract According to the World Health Organization, smoking is the most important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in industrialized nations. We aimed to establish how fetal gender and smoking interact with regard to perinatal outcomes, especially preterm delivery. Data from 220,339 singleton pregnancies, obtained from the German Perinatal Survey in Schleswig-Holstein and registered between 2004 and 2017 were analyzed in regard to smoking behavior, fetal gender, and preterm delivery. The rate of preterm births was directly proportional to the women’s consumption of nicotine. The rate of preterm deliveries was 6.8% among nonsmokers, and 13.2% in women who were very heavy smokers (≥22 cigarettes/day). Very heavy smoking (≥22 cigarettes/day) had a marked impact on extremely preterm births (<28 weeks of gestation) and very preterm births (28–31 weeks of gestation). Preterm births increased by 1.2% from heavy smokers to very heavy smokers; the differences between the other groups ranged between 0.1% and 0.4%. Fetal gender also had an impact on preterm birth: male infants were predominant in nearly all groups of women who delivered preterm infants. Smoking during pregnancy and male gender are both risk factors for preterm delivery. Fetal gender should be given greater attention as one of the several risk factors of preterm birth. Due to the high rate of morbidity among preterm infants and enormous costs for the healthcare system, women should be encouraged to cease or at least reduce smoking during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Preterm Births and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Gave Birth in Axum and Adwa Town Public Hospitals, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia, 2018.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebrekiros Aregawi Gebremeskel ◽  
Nega Assefa kassa ◽  
Frehiwot mesfin Mengistu ◽  
Fisseha Tekulu Welay ◽  
Tesfay Adhena Hailu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Malaria During Pregnancy ◽  
Inter Pregnancy Interval

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of preterm births among mothers who gave birth in Axum and Adwa public hospitals, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2018. Result: This study showed that 13.3% from the total 472 mothers gave a preterm birth. Being a rural resident (AOR=2.13,95% CI:(1.07,4.22), short inter pregnancy interval (AOR= 5.4, 95% CI: (1.32, 22.05), previous preterm birth(AOR= 3.74, 95% CI: (1.03, 16.34), Premature rupture of membrane(AOR=4.14, 95% CI: (1.92, 8.89), induced onset of labor(AOR=2.49, 95% CI: (1.06, 5.85) multiple pregnancy(AOR= 5.69, 95% CI: (2.27, 14.28), malaria during pregnancy (AOR= 4.71, 95% CI: (1.98, 11.23), Presence of chronic illness (AOR= 4.55, 95% CI: (1.83, 11.26) were significantly associated with preterm birth.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Preterm Births at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri, Nigeria: A 2-year Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Obetta Hillary Ikechukwu ◽  
Babagana Bako ◽  
Nweze Sylvester Onuegunam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing societies like Nigeria. It poses huge long-term medical and financial burdens for the affected children, their families, the health care system and society at large. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and birth outcome of PTB at UMTH, Nigeria. Methodology: A two-year case-control study of cases of preterm births at the UMTH, from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2017 was undertaken. For each PTB, the next term delivery was taken as control. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, gestational ages at presentation and delivery, and birth outcome were obtained from the women’s case files with proforma and compared with that of the control. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 23. The statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: During the period under review, there were 6,171 deliveries and preterm births constituted 291 births giving a prevalence rate of 4.7% or 47 per 1000 deliveries. The mean ages for the cases and controls were similar 26.4± 6.1 vs 26.5± 5.3 with (F=0.15, P=0.7) while the mean parity were 3.0±2.6 and 3.2±2.5 with (F=4.6, P=0.03). Nulliparity was commoner among the cases 61(24.6%) compared to the controls 34(13..7%) with X2 = 9.69, P=0.001. Similarly, 96(38.7%) of the cases were unbooked compared to 44(17.7%) among the conrols X2 = 26.9, P=0.000. About 20% of the cases had no formal education compared to 13% of the control. Preterm birth was associated with unbooking status (OR=1.82, CI: 1.40-2.36), nulliparity (OR = 2.05, CI: 1.29-3.26), previous preterm delivery (OR = 95.2, CI: 13.10-691.99) and pregnancy induced hypertension (OR = 25.45, CI: 9.13-70.92). Antepartum haemorrhage (OR = 13.89, CI: 4.92-39.25), twin gestation (OR = 18.18, CI: 2.40-137.68), Polyhydramnios (OR = 2.02, CI: 1.85-2.22) and PROM (OR = 5.39, CI: 2.87-10.15) were other risk factors independently associated with PTB. The perinatal mortality in PTB was 43(16.2%). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of PTB at the UMTH is 4.7% and is associated with previous PTB, unbooked status, twin gestation, polyhydramnious, APH and PIH. Efforts should be intensified on educating women of reproductive age group on the benefits of antenatal booking in pregnancy and quality antenatal care as this would provide ample opportunity for early detection and proper management of women at risk. Keywords: Preterm birth, Risk factors, Neonatal outcome, Maiduguri.

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