Study of risk factors for preterm deliveries in a tertiary hospital

Background: Preterm labour and preterm deliveries are very challenging obstetric complications. Early identification of risk factors may help identify women at risk for preterm deliveries.Methods: A one-year observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from 1st August 2017 to 31st July 2018. All mothers who delivered between 24 to 37 weeks were subjected to a detailed history with respect to age, parity, previous pregnancy outcomes and to identify the presence of any risk factors. A thorough obstetric and systemic examination was done. Parametric and non-parametric test of significance were used to find the association between different quantitative and qualitative variable.Results: Incidence of preterm deliveries was 11.4%. Maximum cases were of age group 25-30 years. 71.7% belonged to lower socio-economic status. 54% cases were seen in multigravida. History of previous abortion was seen in 18.4% and 9.7% had history of preterm deliveries. 12% cases had history of 1st trimester bleeding. Spontaneous onset of preterm labour was seen in 55.1%. The significant risk factors associated were PIH and genitourinary infections.Conclusions: The risk factors of preterm birth to a large extent can be identified in antenatal period. Adolescent health education including good nutrition, good hygiene, counselling for contraception to reduce unintended pregnancies and birth spacing can lower the preterm birth rate. Better prenatal care, early identification of risk factors and complicated cases, regular follow up and proper management can help us in reducing preterm births.

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Risk Factors and Outcome of Preterm Labour in Tertiary Health Centre

Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.3329/bjog.v32i2.48279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

Mst Afroza Khanum ◽

Salma Lavereen ◽

Moniruzzaman ◽

Romana

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Preterm Labour ◽

Health Centre ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Vaginal Infection ◽

History Of

Background: Currently preterm labour is one of the most challenging problems confronting the obstetricians and perinatologists. This unfortunate episode accounts for 50-75% of the perinatal mortality. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 210 pregnant women with preterm labour admitted in Monno Medical College Hospital, Manikganj from June 2014 to December 2015, to study the causes and outcome of preterm birth in Tertiary health centre of Manikganj. Results: Occurence of preterm birth was 13.82%; 47.14% occured between 34-37 weeks of gestation; 33.80% occured 31-33 weeks of gestation and occurred in 28-30 weeks 19.04%. About 22% patients presenting with preterm labour had a past history of abortions and 14.3% had a history of preterm delivery. Premature rupture of membranes was found to be the most common risk factor related with preterm labour in the present pregnancy. Genitourinary tract infection was the next important risk factor of preterm labour; 24.8% (86) patients had either vaginal infection (19.5%) or urinary infection (21.4%) or both. Another important risk factor identified in this study was antepartum haemorrage which was cause in 11.4 % cases. Preterm babies commonly suffered from various complications like jaundice (32.1%), respiratory distress syndrome (22.6%), asphyxia (13.5%), sepsis, hypoglycemia and coagulopathy. Conclusion: Most of the preterm births occured between 34-37 weeks of gestation. Most common risk factors of preterm births are history of abortion and preterm delivery in previous pregnancy; PROM UTI vaginal infection, PIH and APH in correct pregnancy. Newborn jaundice, RDS and birth asphyxia are the common neonatal morbidity in preterm labour. Identifying risk factors to prevent the onset of preterm labour and advanced neonatal care unit can help decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 90-93

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Assessment of risk factors associated with pre-term labour in Tertiary care Hospitals, Lahore

Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University ◽

10.37018/pobp2666 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

Tanzeela Zafar ◽

Iram Manzoor ◽

Fariha Farooq

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Intrauterine Death ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Inter Pregnancy Interval

Background: Pakistan has one of the highest rates of preterm births, nearly 16 for every 100 babies born. Around 4% of these premature babies, are at highest likelihood of death. The objective of this study was to assess association of multiple risk factors with preterm birth in Pakistani women. Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital and Farooq Hospital, West Wood Branch, Lahore from October 2018 to December 2019. Total 116 pregnant females who gave birth to preterm babies with gestational age between 20-37 weeks were included. Data about patients’ socio-demographic profile, previous obstetric history and current gestational profile was collected using closed ended structured questionnaire. Variables were presented in the form of frequency tables. Chi-square and Fisher exact test were applied to establish association of various risk factors and preterm presentation of patients’ in hospital. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of 116 participants, 49 (42.2%) were aged between 20-25 years, 47 (40.5%) were illiterate. Of the total sample 60 (51.7 %) participants were obese (BMI >30). Eighty-two (70.7%) patients were multigravida and 65 (56.1%) gave the history of previous cesarean section. Significant association was found between preterm birth and multi-parity (p=0.001), previous history of abortion (p=0.000), intrauterine death (p=0.001), infertility (p=0.04), cesarean-section (p=0.000), and inter-pregnancy interval of less than 24 months (p=0.007). Other significant factors associated with preterm labour were urinary tract infections (p=0.001), documented fever more than 101oF (p=0.000), anemia (p=0.000), singleton pregnancy (p=0.000) and cephalic fetal presentation (p=0.002), during current pregnancy. Conclusion: Multi-gravidity, history of abortion, intrauterine death, previous infertility, cesarean-section, inter-pregnancy interval of less than 24 months, UTI, genital tract infection, anemia, singleton pregnancy and cephalic fetal presentation during current pregnancy were observed to be significantly associated with preterm births.

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Risk Factors for Early Preterm Birth at King Salman Armed Force Hospital in 2010

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2017.103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 1016-1020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Badriah Ali Alansi ◽

Hytham Bahaeldin Mukhtar ◽

Maher Ahmad Alazizi ◽

Amjad Ahmad Zuiran ◽

Areej Mohammed AL-Atawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Placental Abruption ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Prior History ◽

P Value ◽

Multiple Gestations ◽

History Of ◽

Early Preterm Birth

AIM: To investigate risk factors for early preterm birth.METHODS AND MATERIAL: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period from January to December 2010. Five hundred and ninety-five patient's files and delivery registry logbooks were reviewed, the following information was collected; demographic data, current and past obstetric histories. Then the early and late preterm births were compared for various risk factors. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) was used. The Chi-square and t-test were used to test the statistical significance and a P-value<0.05 considered significant.RESULTS: Prevalence of early preterm birth was found to be 2.5% in our study group. Women at risk for early preterm birth were: primigravidas (33.7% vs. 26.2% for control), P-value 0.039, OR 1.429 and 95% CI 0.982 - 2.079); multiple gestations (87.7% vs. 95.1% for control, P-value 0.002, OR 0.368 and 95% CI 0.196 - 0.688); and patients with a prior history of placental abruption (3.7% vs. 1.0% for control, P-value 0.027, OR3.928 and 95% CI 1.1360 - 13.586).CONCLUSIONS: Current study indicated that early preterm births differed from preterm as a whole; primigravida, multiple gestations and a history of placental abruption are independent risk factors for them.

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A retrospective analytical study of the epidemiology and causes of preterm birth

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175259 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 5453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shehla Jamal ◽

Ruchi Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

Live Births ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

History Of

Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of preterm birth in India is 7-9%, and the rates are constantly rising. The main cited reasons for this trend are increasing indicated preterm births and rising rates of artificially conceived pregnancies. Major causes for indicated preterm births are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, foetal growth restriction, antepartum haemorrhage and PPROM. Risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth include obstetrical complications like multifetal gestation, malpresentations and infections, poor antenatal care, having history of previous preterm delivery, and history of bleeding in the index pregnancy.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study, done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology over a period of two years (January 2015-December 2016). All singleton preterm live births were included in the study. The records of all the included patients were studied from the medical records department of the hospital, after obtaining permission for the same. The results were analysed and obtained by percentage method.Results: A total of 2564 pregnancies were analysed in present study. The number of preterm deliveries was 436 in two years. Out of 2564, the number of live births was 2365, making an incidence of 18.4%. Maximum preterm deliveries were observed in the teenage group (27%) and elderly gravidas (23.9%), both the groups falling into high risk categories for preterm birth. Multiparity was an independent risk factor observed in our study and was found to be associated with 47.5% cases. Level of antenatal care received was also directly related to the number of preterm deliveries. As high as 58.4% of the females landed into preterm birth, who never sought antenatal care, the commonest risk factor for preterm birth was PPROM (26.6%) followed by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (18.6%). We observed a labor induction rate of 23.4% and Caesarean delivery was performed in 146 (33.5%) cases, thus indicating a high induction and caesarean rates in such pregnancies.Conclusions: Preterm birth continues to challenge obstetricians despite much efforts being executed at all levels. Many of the risk factors are identifiable and can be addressed with a specialised antenatal care program. Screening of genitourinary infections and initiation of treatment can cut down the rates. Early referral and NICU equipped institutional delivery should be promoted to prevent neonatal morbidity and mortality.

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Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multi-centric observational study for 14 months in Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.22050/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Gurung ◽

Johan Wrammert ◽

Avinash K Sunny ◽

Rejina Gurung ◽

Netra Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Observational Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Obstetric Factors ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers aged less than 20 years (aOR 1.26 ;1.15-1.39) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.41; 1.22-1.64), literate mothers (aOR 1.21; 1.08-1.35) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.17; 1.07-1.27). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 1.13; 1.01-1.26), use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.26; 1.17-1.35) and sex of baby (aOR 1.18; 1.11-1.26); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.33; 1.20-1.48), multiple delivery (aOR 6.63; 5.16-8.52), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 3.27; 2.21-4.84), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.13; 1.05-1.22) and third trimester (aOR 1.24; 1.12-1.38), <4 antenatal visits during pregnancy (aOR 1.49; 1.38-1.61) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities. Trial registration: ISRCTN30829654

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Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multicentric observational study in Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.22050/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Gurung ◽

Johan Wrammert ◽

Avinash K Sunny ◽

Rejina Gurung ◽

Netra Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Observational Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Obstetric Factors ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

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Maternal Factors for Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth At Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.2740 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (200) ◽

pp. 250-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neebha Ojha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Maternal Risk Factors ◽

Maternal Risk ◽

Medical Disorders ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Low birth weight and preterm birth are the major community health problems in developing countries. They are the major determinants of perinatal survival and infant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion and the maternal risk factors for low birth weight and preterm birth among hospital deliveries in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of TUTH. Maternal risk factors like age, parity, ethnicity, history of previous abortion, history of previous cesarean section, antepartum hemorrhage and medical disorders were studied. Information on all births that occurred was extracted from maternity case notes and delivery registers. Results: During the study period, there were 685 singleton live births. Among these 78(11.4%) were low birth weight and 47(6.9%) were preterm birth. The mean birth weight was 2950 ± 488 gm. The mean weight of female was statistically less compared to male babies (p=0.032). The significant risk factors for LBW were primiparity (OR 2.12; 95%CI 1.25-3.58), Indo-Aryan ethnicity (OR 1.97; 95%CI 1.12-3.45) and history of medical disorder (OR 3.08; 95%CI 1.17-8.12). As for PTB antepartum hemorrhage (OR 8.63; 95%CI 1.99-37.30) and history of medical disorder (OR 3.20; 95%CI 1.04-9.89) were significant risk factors. Conclusions: Parity, ethnicity, and medical disorders were the main risk factors for low birth weight. Antepartum hemorrhage and medical disorders were significant risk factors for preterm birth. Keywords: low birth weight; preterm birth; risk factors.

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Risk factors associated with preterm birth in the Dominican Republic: a case-control study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e045399

Author(s):

Agustín Díaz-Rodríguez ◽

Leandro Feliz-Matos ◽

Carlos Bienvenido Ruiz Matuk

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Dominican Republic ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Case Control ◽

Premature Births ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with preterm birth, and to determine the prevalence of preterm births in the Dominican Republic.DesignCase-control study.SettingsSeven National Reference Hospitals from different regions of the Dominican Republic.ParticipantsA probabilistic sampling of both cases and controls was performed with a ratio of 2.92:1, and a power analysis was performed with α=0.05, P1=0.5, P2=0.6, and β=0.08, to yield a distribution of 394 cases and 1150 controls. Estimation of gestational age was based on neonatologist reports.Primary outcome measuresA protocol was created to obtain maternal and obstetric information.ResultsThe main risk factors were a family history of premature births (p<0.001, OR: 14.95, 95% CI 8.50 to 26.29), previous preterm birth (p=0.005, OR: 20.00; 95% CI 12.13 to 32.96), advanced maternal age (over 35 years; p<0.001, OR: 2.21; 95% CI 1.57 to 3.09), smoking (p<0.001, OR: 6.65, 95% CI 3.13 to 13.46), drug consumption (p=0.004, OR: 2.43, 95% CI 1.37 to 4.30), premature rupture of membranes (p<0.001, OR: 2.5) and reduced attendance at prenatal consultations (95% CI 6 to 7, Z=−10.294, p<0.001).ConclusionMaternal age greater than 35 years, previous preterm birth, family history of preterm births and prelabour rupture of membranes were independent risk factors for preterm birth. Adolescence, pregnancy weight gain and prenatal consultations, on the other hand, were protective factors for preterm birth. Although the prevalence of premature births in this study was 25%, this could have been biased.

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Risk factors of early and late preterm birth

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v23i2.38583 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 179-184

Author(s):

Upanish Oli ◽

Radhika Upreti ◽

Neebha Ojha ◽

Meeta Singh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Previous History ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive History ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the major causes of morbidity in newborn. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to compare the associated risk factors of early and late PTB. This was a hospital-based cross sectional study conducted in 2016/2017. Women, 271, having PTB at 28-33+6 weeks period of gestation was taken as early PTB and 34-36+6 were taken as late PTB. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire, patients’ record book, adopting face- to - face interview technique and clinical examination. The annual prevalence of PTB was 7.25% of which 11% were <28+0 weeks, early PTB was 32% and late PTB was 57%. Mother with school education were 2.0 times more likely to have early preterm births than those having higher education (P-value: 0.005, COR: 2.061,95% CI:1.234-3.441). Mothers with positive history of PTB in any of previous pregnancy was 10.7 times more likely to have early PTB in current pregnancy (P-value: <0.001, COR: 10.677, 95% CI: 2.792 – 40.746). Both variables were found to have independent risk on early PTB in logistic regression analysis (education: P-value: 0.027, aOR: 2.973, 95% CI: 1.132- 3.047; previous history of PTB: P-value: 0.002, aOR: 9.191, 95% CI: 2.308 - 36.596). Early and late PTB have differential risk factors. Mothers with positive history of PTB and having lower level of education were more likely to have early PTB.

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Incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth – findings from a multicentric observational study in Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.22050/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Gurung ◽

Johan Wrammert ◽

Avinash K Sunny ◽

Rejina Gurung ◽

Netra Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Observational Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Obstetric Factors ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and consequences of preterm birth in Nepal. Methods: This was an observational study conducted in 12 public hospitals of Nepal. All the babies born during the study period were included in the study. Babies born <37 weeks of gestation were classified as preterm births. For the association and outcomes for preterm birth, univariate followed by multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The incidence of preterm was found to be 93 per 1000 live births. Mothers with age less than 20 years (aOR 1.21; 1.09-1.34) and 35 years and above (aOR 1.30; 1.05-1.63) had a high risk for preterm birth. Similarly, education of the mother was a significant predictor for preterm birth: illiterate mothers (aOR 1.90; 1.66-2.19), literate mothers (aOR 1.48; 1.33-1.65) and mothers having basic level of education (aOR 1.25; 1.14-1.38). Socio-demographic factors such as smoking (aOR 2.02; .84-2.22) and use of polluted fuel (aOR 1.38; 1.28-1.50); obstetric factors such as nulliparity (aOR 1.44; 1.28-1.61), multiple delivery (aOR 1.92; 1.33-2.76), severe anemia during pregnancy (aOR 2.43; 1.55-3.82), antenatal visit during second trimester (aOR 1.10; 1.02-1.19) and third trimester (aOR 1.44; 1.30-1.60) were found to be significant risk factors of preterm birth. Preterm has a risk for pre-discharge mortality (10.60; 9.28-12.10). Conclusion: In this study, we found high incidence of preterm birth. Various socio-demographic, obstetric and neonatal risk factors were associated with preterm birth. Risk factor modifications and timely interventions will help in the reduction of preterm births and associated mortalities.

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