scholarly journals Explore study: Retrospective Cohort study to show the start of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with severe respiratory illness by real-time PCR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara H.A.Agwa ◽  
Hesham Elghazaly ◽  
Sarah El-Nakeep ◽  
Ahmad Moustafa ◽  
Manal H El-Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Abstract Aim: to know the start of COVID-19 in Ain shams University hospitals (El-Demerdash) in Severe acute respiratory illness.Materials and methods: retrospective collection of data records and previously collected nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal sample stored in our lab for determining the start of COVID-19 in our hospitals, using RT-PCR and postive samples we will conduct Sequencing analysis and photogenic analysis. Also epidemiological and data study of the negatively screened patients, to determine the most common causes of SARI and the causes of mortality in this category of patients

scholarly journals Factors associated with the time to return negative RT-PCR from COVID-19 in paediatric patients: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e052609
Author(s):  
Jianbo Shao ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Zhixi Liu ◽  
Xiaohua Ying ◽  
Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Paediatric Patients

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical features and potential factors related to the time to return negative reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR in discharged paediatric patients with COVID-19.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUnscheduled admissions to 12 tertiary hospitals in China.ParticipantsTwo hundred and thirty-three clinical charts of paediatric patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted from 1 January 2020 to 17 April 2020.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures: factors associated with the time to return negative RT-PCR from COVID-19 in paediatric patients. Secondary outcome measures: epidemiological and clinical features and laboratory results in paediatric patients.ResultsThe median age of patients in our cohort was 7.50 (IQR: 2.92–12.17) years, and 133 (57.1%) patients were male. 42 (18.0%) patients were evaluated as asymptomatic, while 162 (69.5%) and 25 (10.7%) patients were classified as mild or moderate, respectively. In Cox regression analysis, longer time to negative RT-PCR was associated with the presence of confirmed infection in family members (HR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.41 to 0.79)). Paediatric patients with emesis symptom had a longer time to return negative (HR (95% CI): 0.33 (0.14 to 0.78)). During hospitalisation, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and antiviral drugs at the same time is less conducive to return negative than antiviral drugs alone (HR (95% CI): 0.85 (0.64 to 1.13)).ConclusionsThe mode of transmission might be a critical factor determining the disease severity of COVID-19. Patients with emesis symptom, complications or confirmed infection in family members may have longer healing time than others. However, there were no significant favourable effects from TCM when the patients have received antiviral treatment.

scholarly journals Exploration of turn-positive RT-PCR results and factors related to treatment outcome in COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Virulence ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1250-1256
Author(s):  
Yong Xiao ◽  
Xiao Shi ◽  
Qian She ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Hong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Rt Pcr

scholarly journals Trends in 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year survival rates of beta-thalassemia patients in Southern Iran, 1995-2016: A retrospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
Mehran Karimi ◽  
Yousef Veisani ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Background: There is currently lack of knowledge about survival trend analysis of thalassemia patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year survival of thalassemia patients over a 20-year time period. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analysed the data of 982 beta-thalassemia patients in Iran. Birth cohort and traditional cohort analyses were used to obtain the 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year survival rates in various time intervals between 1995 and 2016.Results: Five and 10-year survival rates remained unchanged since 1995-2016. Overall, 20- and 30-year survival rates were lower in younger birth cohorts than older ones. A declining trend was found in 20-year survival rate from 1995 to 2000 for all and also for thalassemia major patients, but was stable from 2001 to 2016. In addition, there was a declining trend in 30-year survival rate from 1995 to 2008 for all and also for thalassemia major patients, but was an increased trend from 2009 to 2016. Conclusion: Over the past two decades and in recent birth cohorts, the 20- and 30-year survival rates has declined. In other words, declining survival trends in the birth cohorts may be associated with some different causes of mortality such as exposure to the toxic effects of iron over time and the occurrence of diseaserelated mortality.

scholarly journals Characteristics and outcomes of clinically diagnosed RT-PCR swab negative COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Middleton ◽  
Pablo N. Perez-Guzman ◽  
Alexandra Cheng ◽  
Naveenta Kumar ◽  
Mara D. Kont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Discharge Summary ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Scale Characteristics ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractPatients with strong clinical features of COVID-19 with negative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 testing are not currently included in official statistics. The scale, characteristics and clinical relevance of this group are thus unknown. We performed a retrospective cohort study in two large London hospitals to characterize the demographic, clinical, and hospitalization outcome characteristics of swab-negative clinical COVID-19 patients. We found 1 in 5 patients with a negative swab and clinical suspicion of COVID-19 received a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 within clinical documentation, discharge summary or death certificate. We compared this group to a similar swab positive cohort and found similar demographic composition, symptomology and laboratory findings. Swab-negative clinical COVID-19 patients had better outcomes, with shorter length of hospital stay, reduced need for >60% supplementary oxygen and reduced mortality. Patients with strong clinical features of COVID-19 that are swab-negative are a common clinical challenge. Health systems must recognize and plan for the management of swab-negative patients in their COVID-19 clinical management, infection control policies and epidemiological assessments.

scholarly journals False-negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 and a diagnostic risk score: a retrospective cohort study among patients admitted to hospital

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e047110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Gupta-Wright ◽  
Colin Kenneth Macleod ◽  
Jessica Barrett ◽  
Sarah Ann Filson ◽  
Tumena Corrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
External Validation ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Early Warning Score ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Internal Validation

ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 and false-negative SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and develop and internally validate a diagnostic risk score to predict risk of COVID-19 (including RT-PCR-negative COVID-19) among medical admissions.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTwo hospitals within an acute NHS Trust in London, UK.ParticipantsAll patients admitted to medical wards between 2 March and 3 May 2020.OutcomesMain outcomes were diagnosis of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results, sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and mortality during hospital admission. For the diagnostic risk score, we report discrimination, calibration and diagnostic accuracy of the model and simplified risk score and internal validation.Results4008 patients were admitted between 2 March and 3 May 2020. 1792 patients (44.8%) were diagnosed with COVID-19, of whom 1391 were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive and 283 had only negative RT-PCRs. Compared with a clinical reference standard, sensitivity of RT-PCR in hospital patients was 83.1% (95% CI 81.2%–84.8%). Broadly, patients with false-negative RT-PCR COVID-19 and those confirmed by positive PCR had similar demographic and clinical characteristics but lower risk of intensive care unit admission and lower in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.27–0.61). A simple diagnostic risk score comprising of age, sex, ethnicity, cough, fever or shortness of breath, National Early Warning Score 2, C reactive protein and chest radiograph appearance had moderate discrimination (area under the receiver–operator curve 0.83, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.85), good calibration and was internally validated.ConclusionRT-PCR-negative COVID-19 is common and is associated with lower mortality despite similar presentation. Diagnostic risk scores could potentially help triage patients requiring admission but need external validation.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Designated Hospital of Wuhan in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 2218-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ran ◽  
Xuyu Chen ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Wenwen Wu ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Duty Hours

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, China, has caused many healthcare workers (HCWs) to be infected. Seventy-two HCWs manifested with acute respiratory illness were retrospectively enrolled to analyze the risk factors. The high-risk department, longer duty hours, and suboptimal hand hygiene after contacting with patients were linked to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Can initial chest CT scan predict status and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection? A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Abdollahi ◽  
Mehrdad Nabahati ◽  
Mostafa Javanian ◽  
Hoda Shirafkan ◽  
Rahele Mehraeen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Abstract Background We aimed to investigate the association of initial chest CT scan findings with status and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 (including ICU admission, mortality, and disease severity). This retrospective cohort study was performed in three hospitals in Babol, northern Iran, between February and March 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical and paraclinical data of the patients were collected from their medical records. CT severity score (CSS) was calculated by a senior radiologist. Disease severity was determined based on the World Health Organization criteria. Results In total, 742 patients were included, of whom 451 (60.8%) were males and 291 (39.2%) were females. The mean age was 56.59 ± 14.88 years old. Also, 523 (70.5%) were RT-PCR-positive. Ground glass opacity was directly associated with RT-PCR positivity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07). Also, RT-PCR-positive cases had significantly a higher CSS than RT-PCR-negative cases (p = 0.037). In patients confirmed with COVID-19, peribronchovascular distribution of lesions, number of zones involved, and CSS were associated with increased risk of ICU admission (OR = 2.93, OR = 2.10, and OR = 1.14, respectively), mortality (OR = 2.30, OR = 1.35, and OR=1.08, respectively), severe disease (OR = 2.06, OR = 1.68, and OR = 1.10, respectively), and critical disease (OR = 4.62, OR = 3.21, and OR = 1.23, respectively). Also, patients who had consolidation were at a higher risk of severe disease compared with those who did not (OR = 4.94). Conclusion Initial chest CT scan can predict COVID-19 positivity, ICU admission, mortality, and disease severity, specifically through CSS.

scholarly journals Characteristics and outcomes of clinically diagnosed RT-PCR swab negative COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Middleton ◽  
Pablo N. Perez-Guzman ◽  
Alexandra Cheng ◽  
Naveenta Kumar ◽  
Mara D. Kont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Discharge Summary ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Scale Characteristics ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractPatients with strong clinical features of COVID-19 with negative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 testing are not currently included in official statistics. The scale, characteristics and clinical relevance of this group are not well described. We performed a retrospective cohort study in two large London hospitals to characterize the demographic, clinical, and hospitalization outcome characteristics of swab-negative clinical COVID-19 patients. We found 1 in 5 patients with a negative swab and clinical suspicion of COVID-19 received a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 within clinical documentation, discharge summary or death certificate. We compared this group to a similar swab positive cohort and found similar demographic composition, symptomology and laboratory findings. Swab-negative clinical COVID-19 patients had better outcomes, with shorter length of hospital stay, reduced need for > 60% supplementary oxygen and reduced mortality. Patients with strong clinical features of COVID-19 that are swab-negative are a common clinical challenge. Health systems must recognize and plan for the management of swab-negative patients in their COVID-19 clinical management, infection control policies and epidemiological assessments.

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