scholarly journals Does Field Substitution Impact the Educational Profile of the Belgian Health Interview Survey Net Sample?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefaan Demarest ◽  
Finaba Berete ◽  
Youri Baeyens ◽  
Geert Molenberghs ◽  
Sabine Drieskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Delta Method ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Target Number ◽  
Substitution Process ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reference Person

Abstract Background Although controversial as a sampling technique, field substitution of non-respondents is applied in the Belgian Health Interview (BHIS) since its start in 1997. The target number of participants to obtain is predefined and set at 10,000 individuals. Based on data derived from the National Register, non-participating households are substituted by at most three households matched on statistical sector, age group of the households’ reference person (administrative contact of the household) and household size, thus creating a cluster. In this study, the impact of field substitution on the educational composition of the net sample is assessed. Methods The educational level of the household’ reference person derived from the Census 2001 and Census 2011, was used as a proxy for socio-economic position and was linked with respectively BHIS 2001 and BHIS 2013 paradata on the use of field substitution using a unique identifier. Given the high level of missing data on the educational level (+/-16%) in the Census, regression based multiple imputations (m=5) procedures were applied, presuming missingness at random. Response rates by educational level at any stage of the substitution process stage were calculated. Differences in response rates were assessed by applying the Delta method. Results At any stage of the substitution process, the participation rate was the lowest in the lowest educated households and significantly higher in the middle and highest educated households. Throughout the substitution process, the participation rate dropped from 51.6% to 42.7% for low educated households and from 61.7% to 46.3% for high educated households. Conclusions It is concluded that field substitution introduces higher levels of non-participation but does not affect the educational composition of the net sample.

Response patterns in the Belgian health interview survey: web versus face-to-face mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Braekman ◽  
S Demarest ◽  
R Charafeddine ◽  
F Berete ◽  
S Drieskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Unit Response ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Interview Survey ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Potential is seen in web data collection for population health surveys due to a combination of its cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation and the increased internet penetration rates. Nonetheless, web modes may lead to lower and more selective unit response rates than traditional modes such as face-to-face (F2F) interviewing and hence may increase bias in the measured indicators. This research assesses the response patterns of a web versus F2F study. Methods A Belgian health interview survey by web (BHISWEB; net sample=1010) was organized parallel to the traditional F2F BHIS 2018 (BHIS2018; net sample=11611; subsample used in this study=2748). Socio-demographic data on invited individuals were obtained from the national register and census linkages. To address the high item-missingness on education level deriving from the census, multiple imputation (m = 20) was applied. Unit response rates considering the different sampling probabilities of both surveys were calculated. Logistic regression analyses examined the impact of mode (web vs. F2F) and interactions between mode and socio-demographic characteristics on unit response. Results The unit response rate was significantly lower in the BHISWEB (18.0% (95% CI: 17.0-19.1)) than in the BHIS2018 (43.1% (95% CI: 41.5-44.7)). A lower web versus F2F response rate was found among all socio-demographic groups, however, this lower web response was less pronounced among youngsters, people cohabiting with household members, higher educated people and native Belgians. Conclusions The F2F unit response rate was generally higher, yet for certain groups the difference between web versus F2F was smaller. It is therefore worthwhile to experiment with adaptive mixed-mode designs to optimize resources without increasing selection bias; e.g. only inviting socio-demographic groups more eager to participate online for web surveys (e.g. youngsters) while remaining to focus on increasing the F2F response rates for other groups. Key messages The advantages of web versus F2F interviewing come against its considerable lower unit response rate. Differences in unit non-response between web and F2F vary between socio-demographic groups.

Others' participation rate influences an individual's charitable behavior: Others' similarity as a moderator

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1607-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yun Lee ◽  
Sunho Jung ◽  
Sangdo Oh ◽  
Seong Hoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Charitable Behavior ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
High Participation Rate ◽  
Diffusion Of Responsibility

We proposed that a moderator, others' similarity, would determine the impact of high participation rates of others on an individual's charitable behavior, and aimed to show that this moderator would work through the diffusion of responsibility motive. Participants (N = 152 undergraduate students) completed measures of charitable behavior and diffusion of responsibility, after being assigned to 1 of 2 conditions where a set percentage of other students (manipulated as either similar undergraduate students or dissimilar graduate students) were stated to have already donated to a charitable campaign (high contribution condition = 70% participation, low contribution condition = 30% participation). Our results showed that the high participation rate of others increased an individual's charitable behavior when the others in question were similar to that individual, but not when the others were dissimilar. In addition, the high rate of participation by others increased the diffusion of responsibility motive when the others in question were dissimilar to that individual, leading to a negative effect on that individual's charitable behavior.

scholarly journals Ethnic comparison in takotsubo syndrome: novel insights from the International Takotsubo Registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Imori ◽  
Ken Kato ◽  
Victoria L. Cammann ◽  
Konrad A. Szawan ◽  
Manfred Wischnewsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ethnic disparities have been reported in cardiovascular disease. However, ethnic disparities in takotsubo syndrome (TTS) remain elusive. This study assessed differences in clinical characteristics between Japanese and European TTS patients and determined the impact of ethnicity on in-hospital outcomes. Methods TTS patients in Japan were enrolled from 10 hospitals and TTS patients in Europe were enrolled from 32 hospitals participating in the International Takotsubo Registry. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were compared between Japanese and European patients. Results A total of 503 Japanese and 1670 European patients were included. Japanese patients were older (72.6 ± 11.4 years vs. 68.0 ± 12.0 years; p < 0.001) and more likely to be male (18.5 vs. 8.4%; p < 0.001) than European TTS patients. Physical triggering factors were more common (45.5 vs. 32.0%; p < 0.001), and emotional triggers less common (17.5 vs. 31.5%; p < 0.001), in Japanese patients than in European patients. Japanese patients were more likely to experience cardiogenic shock during the acute phase (15.5 vs. 9.0%; p < 0.001) and had a higher in-hospital mortality (8.2 vs. 3.2%; p < 0.001). However, ethnicity itself did not appear to have an impact on in-hospital mortality. Machine learning approach revealed that the presence of physical stressors was the most important prognostic factor in both Japanese and European TTS patients. Conclusion Differences in clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes between Japanese and European TTS patients exist. Ethnicity does not impact the outcome in TTS patients. The worse in-hospital outcome in Japanese patients, is mainly driven by the higher prevalence of physical triggers. Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT01947621.

scholarly journals Using a GTR+Γ substitution model for dating sequence divergence when stationarity and time-reversibility assumptions are violated

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. i884-i894
Author(s):  
Jose Barba-Montoya ◽  
Qiqing Tao ◽  
Sudhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Divergence Time ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Time Reversibility ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Substitution Process ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Motivation As the number and diversity of species and genes grow in contemporary datasets, two common assumptions made in all molecular dating methods, namely the time-reversibility and stationarity of the substitution process, become untenable. No software tools for molecular dating allow researchers to relax these two assumptions in their data analyses. Frequently the same General Time Reversible (GTR) model across lineages along with a gamma (+Γ) distributed rates across sites is used in relaxed clock analyses, which assumes time-reversibility and stationarity of the substitution process. Many reports have quantified the impact of violations of these underlying assumptions on molecular phylogeny, but none have systematically analyzed their impact on divergence time estimates. Results We quantified the bias on time estimates that resulted from using the GTR + Γ model for the analysis of computer-simulated nucleotide sequence alignments that were evolved with non-stationary (NS) and non-reversible (NR) substitution models. We tested Bayesian and RelTime approaches that do not require a molecular clock for estimating divergence times. Divergence times obtained using a GTR + Γ model differed only slightly (∼3% on average) from the expected times for NR datasets, but the difference was larger for NS datasets (∼10% on average). The use of only a few calibrations reduced these biases considerably (∼5%). Confidence and credibility intervals from GTR + Γ analysis usually contained correct times. Therefore, the bias introduced by the use of the GTR + Γ model to analyze datasets, in which the time-reversibility and stationarity assumptions are violated, is likely not large and can be reduced by applying multiple calibrations. Availability and implementation All datasets are deposited in Figshare: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12594638.

SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF TEACHERS OF THE UZBEKISTAN SSR

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Muysin Dusaliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Current Problem ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Public Education System ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the problems and needs of the population for education as a result of the concentration of the Soviet government on the formation of a public education system in the spirit of its socialist ideas by creating new Soviet schools and increasing their number.In November 1918,the Soviet government of Turkestan decided to separate church from state and school from church. Although the existing private old religious schools were not completely banned by this decision, the creation of new Soviet schools and the increase in their number became more and more important. It is clear that this is a sign that the system is completely politicized. The schools were divided into two levels: the first level educational institutions included the first three classes, and the second level consisted of four classes. There was also a high school with three classes. Under the conditions of that time, more primary schools were opened in the country.This article discusses the current problem in the Soviet-era public education system under the Soviet government from 1994 to 1991, as well as the impact of this problem on today's education system

scholarly journals Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in Southern Mali

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiémoko Soumaoro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the impact of climate change on market garden production in the extreme south of Mali through the perception and adaptation of market gardeners to climatic phenomena. The study used two models, namely the probit selection and Heckman results models and multinomial logistic regression, based on data collected from producers. A total of 194 producers were surveyed. The results of Heckman's probit model indicate that experience in agriculture and the educational level of the producers are the two main determinants of producers' perception and simultaneous adaptation to climate change. Among these variables agricultural experience is both positively and negatively correlated with perception.

scholarly journals Credit composition and income inequality in Vietnam: an empirical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Quoc Hoi ◽  
Hương Lan Trần
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Private Credit ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the credit composition and income inequality reduction in Vietnam. In particular, the authors focus on the distinction between policy and commercial credits and investigate whether these two types of credit had adverse effects on income inequality. The authors also examine whether the impact of policy credit on income inequality is conditioned by the educational level and institutional quality.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the primary data set, which contains a panel of 60 provinces collected from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam from 2002 to 2016. The authors employ the generalized method of moments to solve the endogenous problem.FindingsThe authors show that while commercial credit increases income inequality, policy credit contributes to reducing income inequality in Vietnam. In addition, we provide evidence that the institutional quality and educational level condition the impact of policy credit on income inequality. Based on the findings, the paper implies that it was not the size of the private credit but its composition that mattered in reducing income inequality, due to the asymmetric effects of different types of credit.Originality/valueThis is the first study that examines the links between the two components of credit and income inequality as well as constraints of the links. The authors argue that analyzing the separate effects of commercial and policy credits is more important for explaining the role of credit in income inequality than the size of total credit.

scholarly journals Desafíos para responder a las necesidades de formación docente en Educación Media Superior / Challenges to Respond to the Needs of Educational Training in Higher Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Dr. José de la luz Sánchez Tepatzi ◽  
Dra. María Valentina Téllez Montes ◽  
Mtro. Alejandro Sánchez Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Higher Secondary Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Formación Docente

ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the proposal of the Integral Reform of Higher Secondary Education (RIEMS) to meet the training needs of teachers of that educational level and the challenges for its implementation. To put this proposal in context, data from a study carried out in the state of Tlaxcala in 2014 are retaken. One of the fields that he was investigating were professional profiles and training needs. The results of the study indicate that their needs are mainly related to fields related to didactics, and the areas of greatest deficiency revealed by large-scale evaluations. Different studies emphasize problems in training: the scarce approach with teachers to identify their needs, the absence of a pedagogical system that responds to the conditions of teachers, and few studies of the impact of training on improving teaching and learning.RESUMENEste trabajo analiza la propuesta de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS) para atender las necesidades de formación de los profesores de ese nivel educativo y los retos para su implementación. Para poner en contexto dicha propuesta se retoman datos de un estudio realizado en el estado de Tlaxcala en el año 2014. Uno de los campos que indagaba eran los perfiles profesionales y las necesidades de formación. Los resultados del estudio señalan que sus necesidades versan principalmente en torno a campos relacionados con la didáctica, y las áreas de mayor deficiencia que revelan las evaluaciones de gran escala. Distintos estudios enfatizan como problemas en la formación: el escaso acercamiento con los docentes para identificar sus necesidades, ausencia de un sistema pedagógico que responda a las condiciones de los profesores, y pocos estudios del impacto de la formación en la mejora de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI PETANI PADA LUMBUNG PANGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERSEDIAAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA DI KECAMATAN AMBARAWA, KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Febrina Ramadhani ◽  
Indah Nurmayasari ◽  
Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Household Food Availability ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to analyze the rate of household food availability, the rate of farmers’ participation, factors related to farmers’ participation rate, and the impact of the participation on the food availability. The research is a survey conducted in Ambarawa Subdistrict, Pringsewu District, as Ambarawa is an area that has many active food barns. Thirty food barn institutions were chosen randomly, and from each barn  two farmers were chosen randomly as respondents.  Research data is collected in September – November 2016 and analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the rate of household food availability was 3,392.97 kkal/cap/day or equivalent to 2,135.58 kg of dried unhulled rice annually. The rate of farmers’ participation was included in a medium category. Age, membership time in barns, rice production, income, membership in farmer groups were not significantly related to farmers’ participation rate. Farmers’ participation did not have significant impact on food availability of farmer households. Key words: barns, farmer household, food availability, participation

scholarly journals The Impact of GAP-SOP on The Production and Technical Efficiency of Garlic in Temanggung Regency

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Aristiyana Nur Tri Wardani ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Efficient Level ◽  
The Impact

Temanggung regency is the largest garlic producer region in Central Java Province. However, its productivity is still low compared to the other regencies since garlic farmers have not achieved technical efficiency and limitary garlic farming technology.  Hence, it is necessary to investigate whether the input application in the process of garlic production has been at technically efficient level or not. This research aims to determine factors affecting garlic production, the level of technical efficiency and technical inefficiency of garlic farming in Temanggung Regency. The location of the research was determined by using purposive sampling. The sample selection used simple random sampling method with  60 garlic farmers as the respondent. The result shows that production factors such as land area, garlic seed, ZK fertilizer, pesticide and the level of application of garlic GAP-SOP have significant effect on garlic production. The average value of farmer’s technical efficiency is 0,811. It means that respondents in this study have been technically efficient. The socio-economic factors affecting technical inefficiency are the age, the number of worker in a family, the level of education and participation rate within farmer group. The improvement effort of technical efficiency of garlic farming can be done by optimizing the contribution of farmer group as a facility to access information. Therefore, it is able to improve the skills and knowledge of farmers to farm garlic.

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