Suppression of Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease With Soil Microbial Mechanisms Via Pineapple Rotation and Residue Amendment

Abstract Aims The large outbreak of banana Fusarium wilt has become a bottleneck limiting the industry’s development, and crop rotation is a cost-effective and essential measure to overcome the obstacles of banana crop monoculture. The present work was carried out to explore the mechanisms of how changes in physicochemical properties and the reestablishment of soil microorganisms in high-incidence soils are affected by crop rotation and plant residue. Methods In this study, pineapple-banana crop rotation and pineapple residue amendment were used to alleviate banana Fusarium wilt, and their effects on bacterial and fungal communities were studied using the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. Results Both pineapple-banana rotation and residue addition significantly reduced disease incidence. Moreover, pineapple rotation and residue amendment altered the bacterial and fungal community composition. The taxonomic and phylogenetic alpha diversity of bacteria and fungi significantly increased against disease suppression and nutrition competition. The relative abundances of the Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Elaphocordyceps, Penicillium, and Talaromyces genera were higher, and the number of Fusarium was significantly lower in rotational soil than in banana monoculture soil. Finally, linear models (LM) was used to show that the Burkholderia and Talaromyces in crop rotation, and Aspergillus in residue amendment have significant negative relationship to disease incidence, which plays a key role in Fusarium reduction. Conclusions To consider the economic benefits and protect the vitality of the soil, this study suggested that pineapple-banana rotation and pineapple residue amendment both could be considered for the sustainable management of banana wilt.

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Effects of Fungicides, Time of Application, and Application Method on Control of Sclerotinia Blight in Peanut

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2015/323465 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jason E. Woodward ◽

Scott A. Russell ◽

Michael R. Baring ◽

John M. Cason ◽

Todd A. Baughman

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Field Studies ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Yield Response ◽

Yield Data ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Sclerotinia Blight ◽

Peanut Cultivars

Field studies were conducted from 2007 to 2010 to evaluate the response of peanut cultivars to different fungicides, application timings, and methods. Overall, fungicides reduced Sclerotinia blight incidence and increased pod yields when applied to susceptible and partially resistant cultivars. Disease suppression was greater when full fungicide rates were applied preventatively; however, yields between fungicide treated plots were similar. Lower levels of disease and higher yields were achieved with the partially resistant cultivar Tamrun OL07 compared to the susceptible cultivars Flavor Runner 458 and Tamrun OL 02. Despite possessing improved resistance Tamrun OL07 responded to all fungicide applications. While similar levels of disease control were achieved with broadcast or banded applications made during the day or at night, the yield response for the different application methods was inconsistent among years. A negative relationship (slope = −73.8;R2=0.73;P<0.01) was observed between final disease incidence ratings and yield data from studies where a fungicide response was observed. These studies suggest that both boscalid and fluazinam are effective at controlling Sclerotinia blight in peanuts. Alternative management strategies such as nighttime and banded applications could allow for lower fungicide rates to be used; however, additional studies are warranted.

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Development of fungal-mediated soil suppressiveness against Fusarium wilt disease via plant residue manipulation

Microbiome ◽

10.1186/s40168-021-01133-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xianfu Yuan ◽

Shan Hong ◽

Wu Xiong ◽

Waseem Raza ◽

Zongzhuan Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Plant Residue ◽

Soil Microbiome ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Soil Pathogens ◽

Vitro Assay

Abstract Background The development of suppressive soils is a promising strategy to protect plants against soil-borne diseases in a sustainable and viable manner. The use of crop rotation and the incorporation of plant residues into the soil are known to alleviate the stress imposed by soil pathogens through dynamics changes in soil biological and physicochemical properties. However, relatively little is known about the extent to which specific soil amendments of plant residues trigger the development of plant-protective microbiomes. Here, we investigated how the incorporation of pineapple residues in soils highly infested with the banana Fusarium wilt disease alleviates the pathogen pressure via changes in soil microbiomes. Results The addition of above- and below-ground pineapple residues in highly infested soils significantly reduced the number of pathogens in the soil, thus resulting in a lower disease incidence. The development of suppressive soils was mostly related to trackable changes in specific fungal taxa affiliated with Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium solani, both of which displayed inhibitory effects against the pathogen. These antagonistic effects were further validated using an in vitro assay in which the pathogen control was related to growth inhibition via directly secreted antimicrobial substances and indirect interspecific competition for nutrients. The disease suppressive potential of these fungal strains was later validated using microbial inoculation in a well-controlled pot experiment. Conclusions These results mechanistically demonstrated how the incorporation of specific plant residues into the soil induces trackable changes in the soil microbiome with direct implications for disease suppression. The incorporation of pineapple residues in the soil alleviated the pathogen pressure by increasing the relative abundance of antagonistic fungal taxa causing a negative effect on pathogen growth and disease incidence. Taken together, this study provides a successful example of how specific agricultural management strategies can be used to manipulate the soil microbiome towards the development of suppressive soils against economically important soil-borne diseases.

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Effects of crop rotation with wild rocket on cucumber seedling rhizosphere fungal community composition

Allelopathy Journal ◽

10.26651/allelo.j/2019-47-1-1221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 83-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

X. Jin ◽

D. L. Li ◽

F Z. Wu ◽

K. Pan ◽

X G. Zhou

Keyword(s):

Community Composition ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Cucumber Seedling ◽

Fungal Community Composition ◽

Wild Rocket

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Characterization of Antagonistic Bacillus methylotrophicus Isolated From Rhizosphere and Its Biocontrol Effects on Maize Stalk Rot

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-07-18-0220-r ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 109 (4) ◽

pp. 571-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xingkai Cheng ◽

Xiaoxue Ji ◽

Yanzhen Ge ◽

Jingjing Li ◽

Wenzhe Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Field Trials ◽

Control Measures ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Effective Control ◽

Stalk Rot ◽

Bacillus Methylotrophicus ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Potential Biocontrol Agent

Stalk rot is one of the most serious and widespread diseases in maize, and effective control measures are currently lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a new biological agent to manage this disease. An antagonistic bacterial strain, TA-1, was isolated from rhizosphere soil and identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus based on morphological and biochemical characterization and 16S ribosomal RNA and gyrB gene sequence analyses. TA-1 exhibited a strong antifungal effect on the growth of Fusarium graminearum mycelium, with 86.3% inhibition at a concentration of 108 CFU per ml. Transmission electron microscopy showed that TA-1 could disrupt the cellular structure of the fungus, induce necrosis, and degrade the cell wall. Greenhouse and field trials were performed to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of TA-1 on maize stalk rot, and the results of greenhouse experiment revealed that the bacterium significantly reduced disease incidence and disease index. Seeds treated with a 108 CFU ml−1 cell suspension had the highest disease suppression at 86.8%. Results of field trials show that seed bacterization with TA-1 could not only reduce maize stalk rot incidence but also increase maize height, stem diameter, and grain yield. The lipopeptide antibiotics were isolated from the culture supernatants of TA-1 and identified as surfactins and iturins. Consequently, B. methylotrophicus TA-1 is a potential biocontrol agent against maize stalk rot.

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Comparison of PCR versus PCR-Free DNA Library Preparation for Characterising the Human Faecal Virome

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13102093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2093

Author(s):

Shen-Yuan Hsieh ◽

Mohammad A. Tariq ◽

Andrea Telatin ◽

Rebecca Ansorge ◽

Evelien M. Adriaenssens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alpha Diversity ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

P Value ◽

Library Preparation ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Sequencing Platform ◽

Viral Genomes ◽

Healthy Donors ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Sequencing Platforms

The human intestinal microbiota is abundant in viruses, comprising mainly bacteriophages, occasionally outnumbering bacteria 10:1 and is termed the virome. Due to their high genetic diversity and the lack of suitable tools and reference databases, the virome remains poorly characterised and is often referred to as “viral dark matter”. However, the choice of sequencing platforms, read lengths and library preparation make study design challenging with respect to the virome. Here we have compared the use of PCR and PCR-free methods for sequence-library construction on the Illumina sequencing platform for characterising the human faecal virome. Viral DNA was extracted from faecal samples of three healthy donors and sequenced. Our analysis shows that most variation was reflecting the individually specific faecal virome. However, we observed differences between PCR and PCR-free library preparation that affected the recovery of low-abundance viral genomes. Using three faecal samples in this study, the PCR library preparation samples led to a loss of lower-abundance vOTUs evident in their PCR-free pairs (vOTUs 128, 6202 and 8364) and decreased the alpha-diversity indices (Chao1 p-value = 0.045 and Simpson p-value = 0.044). Thus, differences between PCR and PCR-free methods are important to consider when investigating “rare” members of the gut virome, with these biases likely negligible when investigating moderately and highly abundant viruses.

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Plant Developmental Stage Drives the Differentiation in Ecological Role of Plant Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-241147/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Xiong ◽

Brajesh K. Singh ◽

Ji-Zheng He ◽

Yan-Lai Han ◽

Pei-Pei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stage ◽

Plant Development ◽

Late Stage ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Early Stage ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Microbial Interactions ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Ecological Role

Abstract BackgroundPlants live with diverse microbial communities which profoundly affect multiple facets of host performance such as nutrition acquisition, disease suppression and productivity, but if and how host development impacts the assembly, functions and microbial interactions of crop microbiomes are poorly understood. Here we examined both bacterial and fungal communities across soils (rhizosphere and bulk soil), plant epiphytic and endophytic niches (phylloplane, rhizoplane, leaf and root endosphere), and plastic leaf of fake plant (representing environment-originating microbes) at three developmental stages of maize at two contrasting sites, and further explored the potential function of phylloplane microbiomes based on metagenomics.ResultsOur results suggested that plant developmental stage had a much stronger influence on the microbial diversity, composition and interkingdom networks in plant compartment niches than in soils, with the strongest effect in the phylloplane. Air (represented by fake plants) was an important source of phylloplane microbiomes which were co-shaped by both plant development and seasonal environmental factors. Further, we demonstrated that bacterial and fungal communities in plant compartment niches exhibited contrasting response to host developmental stages, with higher alpha diversity and stronger deterministic assembly within bacterial microbiomes at the early stage but a similar pattern within mycobiomes at the late stage. Moreover, we found that bacterial taxa played a more important role in microbial interkingdom network and crop yield prediction at the early stage, while fungal taxa did so at the late stage. Metagenomic analyses further indicated that phylloplane microbiomes possessed higher functional diversity and functional genes involved in nutrient provision and disease resistance at the early stage than the late stage. ConclusionsOur results suggest that host developmental stage profoundly influences plant microbiome assembly and functions, and the bacterial and fungal microbiomes take a differentiated ecological role at different plant development stages. This study provides empirical evidence for host exerting strong effect on plant microbiomes by deterministic selection to meet the physiological requirement of plant developmental stages. These findings have implications for the development of future tools to manipulate microbiome for sustainable increase in primary productivity.

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Bacillus subtilis ALBA01 can mitigate onion pink root symptoms caused by Setophoma terrestris

10.1101/601633 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

P Sayago ◽

F Juncosa ◽

A Albarracín Orio ◽

D.F. Luna ◽

G Molina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Soil Fumigation ◽

Promotion Effect ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

Onion Cultivar ◽

Setophoma Terrestris

AbstractSoil-borne pathogen Setophoma terrestris is the causal agent of pink root of onion, one of the most challenging diseases in onion production. Conventional approaches for managing the disease like solarization, soil fumigation and crop rotation have not been proven effective enough. In this work, we evaluated the biocontrol capacity of Bacillus subtilis ALBA01 (BsA01) against S. terrestris, in a highly susceptible onion cultivar, both under greenhouse and field conditions. Disease incidence and severity were evaluated together with growth, photosynthesis among other physiological variables and yield parameters. When compared with plants infected with the pathogen, those plants co-inoculated with BsA01 showed significantly less damage and levels of biocontrol above 50%. With regard to physiological parameters, plants challenged with S terrestris and inoculated with BsA01 performed as well as the control non-infected plants revealing a growth promotion effect of BsA01 on onion plants.

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Cytological Aspects of Compost-Mediated Induced Resistance Against Fusarium Crown and Root Rot in Tomato

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2002.92.4.424 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 424-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Benoît Pharand ◽

Odile Carisse ◽

Nicole Benhamou

Keyword(s):

Induced Resistance ◽

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Gold Complex ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Pythium Oligandrum ◽

Vascular Elements ◽

Crown And Root Rot

The potential of a pulp and paper mill residues compost for the control of crown and root rot of greenhouse-grown tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici was ultrastructurally investigated. Peat moss amended with compost substantially reduced disease-associated symptoms. Addition of Pythium oligandrum to either peat moss alone or peat moss amended with compost resulted in a considerable reduction in disease incidence compared with controls grown in peat moss alone. Histological and cytological observations of root samples from Fusarium-inoculated plants revealed that the beneficial effect of compost in reducing disease symptoms is associated with increased plant resistance to fungal colonization. One of the most prominent facets of compost-mediated induced resistance concerned the formation of physical barriers at sites of attempted fungal penetration. These structures, likely laid down to prevent pathogen ingress toward the vascular elements, included callose-enriched wall appositions and osmiophilic deposits around the sites of potential pathogen ingress. Invading hyphae, coated by the osmiophilic material, showed marked cellular disorganization. The use of the wheat germ agglutinin-ovomucoid-gold complex provided evidence that the wall-bound chitin was altered in severely damaged hyphae. A substantial increase in the extent and magnitude of the cellular changes induced by compost was observed when P. oligandrum was supplied to the potting substrate. This finding corroborates the current concept that amendment of composts with specific antagonists may be a valuable option for amplifying their beneficial properties in terms of plant disease suppression.

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Evidence of Induced Systemic Resistance Against Botrytis elliptica in Lily

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-98-7-0830 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (7) ◽

pp. 830-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Yi-Hung Liu ◽

Chien-Jui Huang ◽

Chao-Ying Chen

Keyword(s):

Induced Systemic Resistance ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Field Studies ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Fatty Acid Profiles ◽

Plant Defense Responses ◽

Gene Expression Analyses ◽

Glycine Rich Protein

Lily leaf blight, caused by Botrytis elliptica, is an important fungal disease in Taiwan. In order to identify an effective, nonfungicide method to decrease disease incidence in Lilium formosanum, the efficacy of rhizobacteria eliciting induced systemic resistance (ISR) was examined in this study. Over 300 rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of L. formosanum healthy plants and 63 were identified by the analysis of fatty acid profiles. Disease suppressive ability of 13 strains was demonstrated by soil drench application of bacterial suspensions to the rhizosphere of L. formosanum seedlings. Biocontrol experiments were carried out with Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas putida strains on L. formosanum and Lilium Oriental hybrid cvs. Acapulco and Star Gazer in greenhouse and field studies. Plants treated with B. cereus strain C1L showed that protection against B. elliptica on L. formosanum could last for at least 10 days and was consistent with high populations of B. cereus on lily roots. Analysis of the expression of LfGRP1 and LsGRP1, encoding glycine-rich protein associated with L. formosanum and cv. Star Gazer, respectively, revealed different responses induced by B. cereus or by the pathogen B. elliptica, suggesting that plant defense responses elicited by each follows a different signaling pathway. According to the results of biocontrol assays and LfGRP1/LsGRP1 gene expression analyses with culture filtrates of B. cereus strain C1L, we propose that eliciting factors of ISR are generated by B. cereus and some of them exhibit thermostable and heat-tolerant traits. This is the first report about ISR-eliciting rhizobacteria and factors effective for foliar disease suppression in lily.

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