scholarly journals Nephrotoxicity Evaluation and Proteomic Analysis in Kidneys of Rats Exposed to Thioacetamide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-youn Lim ◽  
Woon-Won Jung ◽  
Kyoung-Sik Moon ◽  
Donggeun Sul
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Thioacetamide (TAA) was administered orally at 0, 10, and 30 mg/kg bw daily to Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6-7 weeks for 28 consecutive days. The bodyweight decreased, however, the relative organ weights including the liver and kidneys increased. No significant histopathologic abnormalities were found in the kidneys. The numbers of monocytes and platelets were significantly increased, however, the mean corpuscular volume and hematocrit values were decreased significantly in rats exposed to 30 mg/kg bw TAA. The expression levels of Kim-1 and NGAL were increased 4 to 5-fold in the kidney tissue of rats exposed to TAA, resulting in significant nephrotoxicity. Proteomic analysis was conducted and a total of 5221 proteins spots were resolved. Of these, three and 21 protein spots were up- and downregulated in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. The validation of seven proteins was performed by Western blot analysis. The expression level of ASAP2 was significantly upregulated, whereas RGS14, MAP7Dl, IL-3Rα, Tmod1, NQO2, and MUP were reduced. Sixteen isoforms of MUP were found by the 2DE immunoblot assay and were significantly downregulated with increasing exposure to TAA. MUP isoforms were compared in the liver, kidneys, and urine of untreated rats and a total of 43 isoforms were found.

Glutamine promotes triglyceride absorption in a dose-dependent manner

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. G317-G323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Schwimmer ◽  
Looi Ee ◽  
Shuqin Zheng ◽  
Patrick Tso
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Feeding Tubes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Dietary proteins may play a role in lipid absorption. Whether amino acids are specifically involved is unknown. We hypothesized that enterally administered l-glutamine (l-Gln) given with a lipid meal increases triglyceride (TG) absorption in rats. Mesenteric lymph fistulae and gastroduodenal feeding tubes were placed in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals received an enteral bolus of Intralipid (5 ml) followed by enteral infusion of increasing concentrations of l-Gln in saline (0, 85, 170, or 340 mM) or equimolar concentrations of the inactive isomer d-Gln or an essential amino acid mixture without Gln. Lymph was collected continuously for 6 h and analyzed for TG content. Animals infused with 85 mM l-Gln had a 64% increase in total TG output vs. controls ( P < 0.05) despite no difference in lymph flow rate. Total TG output for animals infused with 340 mMl-Gln declined by 43% vs. controls ( P < 0.05). The effect of Gln in promoting lymphatic fat transport is specific to l-Gln and not shared by d-Gln or an equivalent amino acid mixture. l-Gln is capable of either promoting or impairing lymphatic TG transport in a dose-dependent manner.

Cinnamomum cassia ameliorates Ni-NPs-induced liver and kidney damage in male Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1565-1581
Author(s):  
S Iqbal ◽  
F Jabeen ◽  
C Peng ◽  
MU Ijaz ◽  
AS Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Altered Blood ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) have been widely used in various industries related to electronics, ceramics, textiles, and nanomedicine. Ambient and occupational exposure to Ni-NPs may bring about potential detrimental effects on animals and humans. Thus, there is a growing effort to identify compounds that can ameliorate NPs-associated pathophysiologies. The present study examined Cinnamomum cassia ( C. cassia) bark extracts (CMBE) for its ameliorative activity against Ni-NPs-induced pathophysiological and histopathological alterations in male Sprague Dawley rats. The biochemical analyses revealed that dosing rats with Ni-NPs at 10 mg/kg/body weight (b.w.) significantly altered the normal structural and biochemical adaptations in the liver and kidney. Conversely, supplementations with CMBE at different doses (225, 200, and 175 mg/kg/b.w. of rat) ameliorated the altered blood biochemistry and reduced the biomarkers of liver and kidney function considerably ( p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. However, the best results were at 225 mg/kg/b.w. of rat. The study provided preliminary information about the protective effect of C. cassia against Ni-NPs indicated liver and kidney damages. Future investigations are needed to explore C. cassia mechanism of action and isolation of single constituents of C. cassia to assess their pharmaceutical importance accordingly.

scholarly journals Collagen-Induced Reduction in Rat Circulating Platelet Count: Influence of Platelet Function Inhibitors

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.B. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Test System ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Double Lumen Cannula ◽  
Antiinflammatory Compound

The effect on circulating platelet count of repeated intravenous infusions of collagen fibrils was measured in male OFA Sprague-Dawley rats (400-550 g). Citrated blood was pumped from the left carotid artery of anaesthetized animals, via a siliconized double-lumen cannula, into the manifold of a Technicon Autocounter, for continuous registration of platelet count. Native collagen fibrils (Collagenreagent ‘Horm’) were infused intravenously for 1 min at 15 min intervals. Successive increasing collagen doses (20-320 pg/kg) induced dose-dependent reduction in platelet count, measured as absolute platelet number disappearing from the circulation. Repeated infusion of collagen 160 pg/kg produced constant, partially reversible, reduction in platelet count. Several known inhibitors of platelet aggregation were investigated in the described test system. Collagen effects were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner to a maximum of 50-60 %, and drug activity was thus quantitated on the basis of dose producing 30 % inhibition (ID30): prostaglandin E1 (1.6 pg/kg/min i.v. infusion), SH-869 (1.1 mg/kg i.v.), aspirin (33.1 mg/kg p.o.), proquazone, a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory compound (5.0 mg/kg p.o.). That part of the collagen response not inhibited might be attributed to the initial phase of platelet adhesion to collagen, known to be relatively refractive to platelet function inhibitors.

Protective Effect of Reduced Glutathione against CIS-Dichlorodiammine Platinum (II)–Induced Nephrotoxicity and Lethal Toxicity

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Zunino ◽  
Odoardo Tofanetti ◽  
Adriana Besati ◽  
Ennio Cavalletti ◽  
Giuseppina Savi
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Lethal Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dose Dependent

Pretreatment of Swiss mice and Sprague-Dawley rats with glutathione (GSH) reduced the acute lethal toxicity of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) (cis-DDP) in a dose-dependent manner. The protection was accompanied by reduction of both body weight loss and by reduction of nephrotoxicity, as measured by a rise in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels and by histopathologic changes, which occurred 4 days following cis-DDP treatment. The antitumor effects of cis-DDP on experimental tumor models (P388 and Gross leukemia) were not significantly altered by GSH treatment. It is suggested that the partial protection by GSH from acute toxicity of the antitumor drug is directly related to protection of renal function.

Biochemical changes and oxidative stress induced by zearalenone in the liver of pregnant rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Zhou ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
S Yin ◽  
Z Jia ◽  
A Shan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of the present research was to examine the toxic influence of different doses of zearalenone (ZEN) on the liver, especially oxidative stress induced by ZEN on the liver. A total of 48 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 treatments groups with 12 animals in each. The rats were fed with a normal diet treated with 0 mg/kg (control), 50 mg/kg (treatment 1), 100 mg/kg (treatment 2), or 150 mg/kg (treatment 3) ZEN in feed on gestation days (GDs) 0–7 and then all the rats were fed with a normal diet on GDs 8–20. The experimental period lasted 21 days. The results showed that exposure to ZEN induced increase in aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities and decrease in total protein and albumin content in a dose-dependent manner and also induce decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and increase in malondialdehyde content in a dose-dependent manner in the serum and the liver. The increased transcription of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) was detected in the liver after exposure to ZEN. These results suggested that ZEN not only caused damage in the liver of pregnant rats in a dose-dependent manner but also induced the messenger RNA expression of CYP2E1 in the liver.

scholarly journals The Effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule Drug Serum on Uterine Leiomyoma Cells and Its Mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Shen ◽  
Weijing Ye ◽  
Xiaoli Hu ◽  
Chuchu Zhao ◽  
Lulu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cell Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Saline Lavage

Aims. To observe the effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule (GZFLC) drug serum on uterine leiomyoma cells and explore its mechanism. Main Methods. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (normal saline lavage group and GZFLC lavage group), then, respectively, blank serum and GZFLC drug serum were collected, and finally human uterine leiomyoma cells were treated. Human leiomyoma tissues were collected from 20 patients who underwent uterine leiomyomas operations, and leiomyoma cells were primary cultured. The leiomyoma cells were treated by GZFLC drug serum in different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) and variable treatment time (12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, and 72 h). Cell proliferation was observed using CCK8 assay. Flow cytometry and Annexin V/PI were used to assay the effects of GZFLC drug serum on cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to assay the effects of GZFLC drug serum on TSC2, FOXO, and 14-3-3γ expression in uterine leiomyoma cells. Key Findings. In the concentrations of 10%～30%, GZFLC drug serum could inhibit proliferation of leiomyoma cells in dose-dependent manner; at the time of 36 h, cell inhibition rate was at the peak; GZFLC drug serum could induce apoptosis of leiomyoma also in a dose-dependent manner, and apoptosis rate quickly achieved maximum at 12 h time points, and then second apoptosis peak appeared at 36 h. Compared to nontreatment group, TSC2, FOXO, and 14-3-3γ expressions in drug serum group were significantly changed after 12 h treatment. Significance. GZFLC drug serum can efficiently inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of leiomyoma cells, which is related to the 14-3-3γ pathway.

scholarly journals Phenyl N -tert-butylnitrone, a Free Radical Scavenger, Reduces Mechanical Allodynia in Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Kee Kim ◽  
Yan Ping Zhang ◽  
Young Seob Gwak ◽  
Salahadin Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background Paclitaxel is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for breast and ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, it induces neuropathic pain, which is a dose-limiting side effect. Free radicals have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. The current study tests the hypothesis that a free radical scavenger plays an important role in reducing chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Methods Neuropathic pain was induced by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (2 mg/kg) on four alternate days (days 0, 2, 4, and 6) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN), a free radical scavenger, was administered intraperitoneally as a single dose or multiple doses before or after injury. Mechanical allodynia was measured by using von Frey filaments. Results The administration of paclitaxel induced mechanical allodynia, which began to manifest on days 7-10, peaked within 2 weeks, and plateaued for at least 2 months after the first paclitaxel injection. A single injection or multiple intraperitoneal injections of PBN ameliorated paclitaxel-induced pain behaviors in a dose-dependent manner. Further, multiple administrations of PBN starting on day 7 through day 15 after the first injection of paclitaxel completely prevented the development of mechanical allodynia. However, an intraperitoneal administration of pbn for 8 days starting with the first paclitaxel injection did not prevent the development of pain behavior. Conclusions This study clearly shows that PBN alleviated mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in rats. Furthermore, our data show that PBN given on days 7 through 15 after the first paclitaxel injection prevented the development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. This clearly has a clinical implication.

scholarly journals Efficacy of lasalocid against murine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S OZ ◽  
W T Hughes ◽  
J E Rehg
Keyword(s):  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

The efficacy of the ionophore lasalocid against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in corticosteroid-immunosuppressed Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated. Lasalocid was effective in the prevention of the pneumonitis in a dose-dependent manner. At dosages of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day, P. carinii infection rates were 92, 60, 20, and 0%, respectively, during dexamethasone immunosuppression. Also, lasalocid compared favorably with other drugs known to have anti-P. carinii activity, including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, atovaquone, and dapsone-trimethoprim.

scholarly journals Curcumin Ameliorates Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Damages in Stomach Tissues of Sprague-Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong Seok Kim ◽  
Na Yoon Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Son ◽  
Jae Hyeon Park ◽  
Su Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dna Damages ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cyp1a1 Expression ◽  
Dose Dependent

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a well-known carcinogen formed during the cooking process. Although BaP exposure has been implicated as one of the risk factors for lung cancer in animals and humans, there are only limited data on BaP-induced gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effects of curcumin on BaP-induced DNA damage in rat stomach tissues. BaP (20 mg/kg/day) and curcumin (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) were administered daily to Sprague-Dawley rats by oral gavage over 30 days. Curcumin was pre-administered before BaP exposure. All rats were euthanized, and liver, kidney, and stomach tissues were removed at 24 h after the last treatment. We observed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and glucose levels were significantly reduced in rats treated with high dose co-administration of curcumin (200 mg/kg) compared to BaP alone. The expression levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1B1 were significantly increased in the liver of rats treated with BaP. However, co-administration of curcumin (200 mg/kg) with BaP markedly reduced CYP1A1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, plasma levels of BaP-diolepoxide (BPDE) and BaP metabolites were significantly reduced by co-administration of curcumin (200 mg/kg). Additionally, co-administration of curcumin (200 mg/kg) with BaP significantly reduced the formation of BPDE-I-DNA and 8-hydroxydeoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) adducts in the liver, kidney, and stomach tissues. The inhibition of these adduct formations were more prominent in the stomach tissues than in the liver. Overall, our observations suggest that curcumin might inhibit BaP-induced gastrointestinal tumorigenesis and shows promise as a chemopreventive agent.

Dehydroepiandrosterone prevents dexamethasone-induced hypertension in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. E210-E213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shafagoj ◽  
J. Opoku ◽  
D. Qureshi ◽  
W. Regelson ◽  
M. Kalimi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Dose Dependent

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an endogenous steroid having a wide variety of biological and biochemical effects. In the present study, we have examined the role of DHEA on various rodent models of experimental hypertension. Sprague-Dawley rats were given subcutaneous injections of 1.5 mg dexamethasone every alternate day, resulting in an increase in systolic blood pressure within 1 wk. Interestingly, administration of a pharmacological dose of 1.5, 3, or 7.5 mg DHEA along with dexamethasone prevented dexamethasone-induced hypertension in a dose-dependent manner. DHEA had no effect on the hypertension induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt administration using uninephrectomized rats or on the genetic model of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Dexamethasone administration resulted in a significant weight loss in rats, which was not prevented by simultaneous administration of DHEA. These results indicate that dexamethasone-mediated weight loss may involve mechanisms separate from its hypertensive action. Dexamethasone treatment resulted in a significant decrease in food consumption that was not reversed by DHEA. It is concluded that DHEA at doses above physiological levels when given subcutaneously has no effect on DOCA-salt or a genetic model of hypertension but has a beneficial effect on dexamethasone-induced hypertension.

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