scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Bale-Robe Town Health Facilities, Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hasen Badeso ◽  
Falaho Sani Kalili ◽  
Mohammed Seid Abdulle
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Control Study

Abstract IntroductionIn Ethiopia, the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women differs geographically and ranged from 15.8–56.8%. The objective of this study is to identify the determinants of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Bale-Robe Town, Southeast Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based case-control study was conducted in Bale-Robe hospital and Baha-biftu health center in Bale-Robe, Southeast Ethiopia. A total of 282 pregnant women participated in the study (141 cases and 141 controls). Cases were pregnant women with altitude-adjusted hemoglobin value < 11.0 g/dl at the first and third trimesters, and < 10.5 g/dl at the second trimester. Controls were pregnant women with hemoglobin value ≥ 11.0 g/dl at first and third trimesters and ≥ 10.5 g/dl at the second trimester. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the determinants of anemia. Determinants were categorized as sociodemographic and economic, obstetric and medical, and dietary intake and behavioral.ResultsHousewife occupation (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.12-3.92), prolonged menstrual bleeding (AOR=2.33, 95% CI=1.38-3.92) and undernutrition (AOR=4.03, 95% CI=1.38-11.83) were factors significantly associated with anemia in pregnant women.ConclusionHousewife occupation, prolonged menstrual bleeding, and malnutrition were the determinants of anemia in pregnant women. Hence, anemia prevention and control strategy in pregnant women should include adequate dietary intake, and strengthening nutritional counseling for pregnant women during antenatal care is also required by the health care provider.

Dietary and serum vitamin D and preeclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: a matched case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Xue-min Huang ◽  
Yan-hua Liu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Wei-feng Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The effect of vitamin D (VD) on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) is uncertain. Few of previous studies focused on the relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk. Therefore, we conducted this 1:1 matched case-control study to explore the association of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk in Chinese pregnant women. A total of 440 pairs of participants were recruited during March 2016 to June 2019. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were plotted to evaluate the dose-response relationship of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the ORs of the highest quartile were 0.45 (95%CI: 0.29-0.71, Ptrend = 0.001) for VD dietary intake and 0.26 (95%CI: 0.11-0.60, Ptrend = 0.003) for serum levels after adjusting for confounders. In addition, the RCS analysis suggested a reverse J-shaped relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). A similar association was also found between serum concentrations of total 25(OH)D and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that higher dietary intake and serum levels of VD are associated with the lower risk of PE in Chinese pregnant women.

scholarly journals Maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with first trimester vaginal bleeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4320
Author(s):  
K. Suganya ◽  
Latha Maheswari Subbarayan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Control Study

Background: First trimester bleeding is one of the common complications during pregnancy which affects almost 16-25% of all pregnancies. To evaluate and ascertain the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women presenting with first trimester vaginal bleeding.Methods: Prospective case-control study. A case control study involving 60 pregnant women with vaginal bleeding in the first 13 weeks + 6 days of gestational age with 60 matched controls. The study period was from March 2015 to March 2016 and conducted at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.Results: The complications seen in the study group were: first trimester abortion (16.7%), second trimester abortion (6.7%), preterm labour (25%), abruption (6.7%), neonatal intensive care admission (25%), ectopic (6.7%), IUGR (10%), IUD (1.7%) and PROM (8.3%). When compared with the parity matched controls there was statistically significant increase in first and second trimester abortions, preterm labour, abruption, NICU admission and ectopic pregnancy whereas there was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and intrauterine death (IUD).Conclusions: Women with first trimester vaginal bleeding had several adverse outcomes in both the mother and the fetus, and it is very important to explain about the possibility of these outcomes and ensure proper follow up with close antenatal surveillance.

scholarly journals FGF21 Serum Levels in the Early Second Trimester Are Positively Correlated With the Risk of Subsequent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity-Matched Nested Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiheng Wang ◽  
Min Yuan ◽  
Chengjie Xu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Chunmei Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundAs an important endocrine hormone regulating glucose metabolism, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is increased in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) after 24 gestational weeks. However, it is unknown whether the increase in FGF21 precedes the diagnosis of GDM.MethodsIn this nested case-control study, 133 pregnant women with GDM and 133 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were identified through propensity score matching, and serum FGF21 levels were measured at 14 to 21 gestational weeks, before GDM is routinely identified. The differences in FGF21 levels were compared. The association between FGF21 and the occurrence of GDM was evaluated using logistic regression models with adjustment for confounders.ResultsThe serum FGF21 levels of the GDM group at 14 to 21 gestational weeks were significantly higher than those of the NGT group overall (P &lt; 0.001), with similar results observed between the corresponding BMI subgroups (P &lt; 0.05). The 2nd (OR 1.224, 95% CI 0.603–2.485), 3rd (OR 2.478, 1.229–5.000), and 4th (OR 3.419, 95% CI 1.626–7.188) FGF21 quartiles were associated with greater odds of GDM occurrence than the 1st quartile after multivariable adjustments.ConclusionsThe serum FGF21 levels in GDM groups increased in the early second trimester, regardless of whether participants were stratified according to BMI. After adjusting for confounding factors, the FGF21 levels in the highest quartile were associated with more than three times higher probability of the diagnosis of GDM in the pregnancy as compared to levels in the first quartile.

scholarly journals Nutritional-Related Predictors of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Central Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Berhanu Senbeta Deriba ◽  
Gizachew Abdissa Bulto ◽  
Elias Teferi Bala
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background. Anemia is a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries especially among pregnant women. Nearly half of pregnant women in Ethiopia have anemia which has both health and economic impacts. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying nutritional-related predictors of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Central Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. An unmatched case-control study was conducted at public hospitals in Central Ethiopia from February to April 2019. The consecutive sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire, and the collected data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and SPSS version 23 for analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were computed to identify predictors of anemia. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value < 0.05 was used to determine the presence of an association. Result. A total of 426 pregnant women (142 cases and 284 controls) had participated in this study. Taking tea/coffee immediately after food ( AOR = 2.35 , 95% CI: 1.39-3.99), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of mothers of <23 centimeters ( AOR = 3.83 , 95% CI: 2.26-6.49), the presence of forbidden food during pregnancy ( AOR = 2.21 , 95% CI: 1.24-3.88), not taking additional food ( AOR = 1.99 , 95% CI: 1.17-3.40), unable to take fruit ( AOR = 4.05 , 95% CI: 1.3-15.47), loss of appetite ( AOR = 2.28 , 95% CI: 1.28-4.09), low dietary diversity score (DDS) ( AOR = 3.29 , 95% CI: 1.83-5.90), and medium DDS ( AOR = 2.88 , 95% CI: 1.46-5.70) were found to be determinants of anemia. Conclusions. Taking tea or coffee immediately after food, MUAC of mothers, the presence of forbidden food, not taking additional food, frequency of taking fruit, and dietary diversity were predictors of anemia among pregnant women. Therefore, interventions targeted at prevention of anemia among pregnant mothers should emphatically consider those identified determinants. This finding also highlights the need for strong nutritional counseling to prevent anemia among pregnant mothers during antenatal care follow-ups along with other interventions.

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