scholarly journals Effects of Surgical Facemasks on Perceived Exertion During Submaximal Exercise in Healthy Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Reychler ◽  
Marie Standaert ◽  
Nicolas Audag ◽  
Gilles Caty ◽  
Annie Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Response ◽  
Submaximal Exercise Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Group 1

Abstract BackgroundOnly a few data associated to wearability of facemask during exercise are available in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of wearing a facemask on perceived exertion (primary aim), dyspnea, physical performance, and cardiorespiratory response during a submaximal exercise test in children aged between 8 and 12 years. MethodThis study was performed in 2021 in healthy volunteer children from 8 to 12 years. They performed prospectively two one-minute sit-to-stand test (STST), with or without a surgical facemask. The perceived exertion (modified Borg scale), dyspnea (Dalhousie scale), heart rate and pulsed oxygen saturation were recorded before and after STST. The STST measured the submaximal performance. ResultsThirty-eight healthy children were recruited (8-9 years: n=19 and 10-11 years: n=19). After the STST, the perceived exertion increased with or without a facemask (8-9 years group: +1 [0.6; 1.4] and +1.6 [1.0; 2.1]) –10-11 years group: +1.3 [0.7; 1.8]) and +1.9 [1.3; 2.6]) and it was higher with the facemask. The difference between the two conditions in perceived exertion was not clinically relevant in any group (mBorgf: 0.56 pts and 0.68 pts, respectively). The different domains of dyspnea assessed with Dalhousie scale were not influenced by the facemask. The submaximal performance measured by the STST was not changed by the mask whatever the age group. The cardio-respiratory demand was not clinically modified.ConclusionThe surgical facemask had no impact on dyspnoea, cardiorespiratory parameters, and exercise performance during a short submaximal exercise in healthy children.

scholarly journals Comparision of efficacy of local administration of contractubex & corticosteroids for hypertrophic scar in maxillofacial region

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Muralee Mohan ◽  
B. Rajendra Prasad ◽  
S. M. Sharma ◽  
Tripthi Shetty ◽  
Ashay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Group 1

AbstractHypertrophic scarring following surgical procedures & trauma are a great concern for patients and a challenging problem for clinicians. The therapeutic management of hypertrophic scars is a problem that has not yet been satisfactorily solved. Contractubex® ointment and intra lesional injection of corticosteroids have been used effectively for treatment and prevention of hypertrophic scars. However very few data is available to determine the efficacy of Contractubex® ointment and intra lesional injection of corticosteroids for the treatment of hypertrophic scar. Two study groups were made with 10 patients in each group. Patients in Group 1 treated with Contractubex® and patients in Group 2 treated with intra lesional corticosteroid (Triamcinolone acetonide). Scar was analyzed with Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. The collected data was statistically analyzed. We found that the difference between before and after treatment scores for each of the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The mean of the before and after treatment difference for the Group 1 (Contractubex® ) was 4.7 while that of group 2 (Corticosteroids) was 2.8. This demonstrated a significant superiority of the Contractubex® treatment compared to corticosteroid treatment. The difference between treatment responses for both the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Excellent to good responses were reported in 90% of the Group 1 (Contractubex®) patients and 30% of Group 2 (Corticosteroids).

scholarly journals Effect of Cycloplegia on Keratometric and Biometric Parameters in Keratoconus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nihat Polat ◽  
Abuzer Gunduz
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose.To obtain information about effect of cycloplegia on keratometry and biometry in keratoconus.Methods.48 keratoconus (Group 1) and 52 healthy subjects (Group 2) were included in the study. We measured the flat meridian of the anterior corneal surface (K1), steep meridian of the anterior corneal surface (K2), lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and axial length (AL) using the Lenstar LS 900 before and after cycloplegia.Results.The median K1 in Group 1 was 45.64 D before and 45.42 D after cycloplegia, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median K2 in Group 1 was 50.96 D before and 50.17 D after cycloplegia, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The median K1 and K2 in Group 2 were 42.84 and 44.49 D, respectively, before cycloplegia, and 42.84 and 44.56 D after cycloplegia, and the differences were not statistically significant (allP>0.05). There were significant differences in SE, LT, ACD, and RLP between before and after cycloplegia in either Group 1 (allP<0.05) or Group 2 (allP<0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in AL between before cycloplegia and after cycloplegia in either Group 1 (P=0.533) or group 2 (P=0.529).Conclusions.Flattened corneal curvature and increase in ACD following cycloplegia in keratoconus patients were detected.

Recovery of Cycling Gross Efficiency After Time-Trial Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1028-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjors Groot ◽  
Lars H.J. van de Westelaken ◽  
Dionne A. Noordhof ◽  
Koen Levels ◽  
Jos J. de Koning
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Gross Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Background: Research has shown that gross efficiency (GE) declines during high-intensity exercise, but the time course of recovery of GE after high-intensity exercise has not yet been investigated. Purpose: To determine the time course of the recovery of GE after time trials (TTs) of different lengths. Methods: Nineteen trained male cyclists participated in this study. Before and after TTs of 2000 and 20,000 m, subjects performed submaximal exercise at 55% of the power output attained at maximal oxygen uptake (PVO2max). The postmeasurement continued until 30 min after the end of the TT, during which GE was determined over 3-min intervals. The magnitude-based-inferences approach was used for statistical analysis. Results: GE decreased substantially during the 2000-m and 20,000-m TTs (−11.8% [3.6%] and −6.2% [4.0%], respectively). A most likely and very likely recovery of GE was found during the first half of the submaximal exercise bout performed after the 2000-m, with only a possible increase in GE during the first part of the submaximal exercise bout performed after the 20,000-m. After both distances, GE did not fully recover to the initial pre-TT values, as the difference between the pre-TT value and average GE value of minutes 26–29 was still most likely negative for both the 2000- and 20,000-m (−6.1% [2.8%] and −7.0% [4.5%], respectively). Conclusions: It is impossible to fully recover GE after TTs of 2000- or 20,000-m during 30 min of submaximal cycling exercise performed at an intensity of 55% PVO2max.

scholarly journals AGT M235T and ACE ID polymorphisms and exercise blood pressure in the HERITAGE Family Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. H368-H374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Rankinen ◽  
Jacques Gagnon ◽  
Louis Pérusse ◽  
Yvon C. Chagnon ◽  
Treva Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Exercise Blood Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

We investigated the association between angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms and exercise training responses of resting and exercise blood pressure (BP). BP at rest and during submaximal (50 watts) and maximal exercise tests was measured before and after 20 wk of endurance training in 476 sedentary normotensive Caucasian subjects from 99 families. AGT M235T and ACE insertion/deletion polymorphisms were typed with PCR-based methods. Men carrying the AGT MM and MT genotypes showed 3.7 ± 0.6 and 3.2 ± 0.5 (SE) mmHg reductions, respectively, in diastolic BP at 50 watts (DBP50), whereas, in the TT homozygotes, the decrease was 0.4 ± 1.0 mmHg ( P = 0.016 for trend, adjusted for age, body mass index, and baseline DBP50). Men with the ACE DD genotype showed a slightly greater decrease in DBP50 (4.4 ± 0.6 mmHg) than the II and ID genotypes (2.8 ± 0.7 and 2.4 ± 0.5 mmHg, respectively, P = 0.050). Furthermore, a significant ( P = 0.022) interaction effect between the AGT and ACE genes was noted for DBP50; the AGT TT homozygotes carrying the ACE D allele showed no response to training. Men with the AGT TT genotype had greater ( P = 0.007) diastolic BP (DBP) response to acute maximal exercise at baseline. However, the difference disappeared after the training period. No associations were found in women. These data suggest that, in men, the genetic variation in the AGT locus modifies the responsiveness of submaximal exercise DBP to endurance training, and interactions between the AGT and ACE loci can alter this response.

Preliminary assessment of low-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during the treatment for brain glioblastomas.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2545-2545
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Popov ◽  
Oleg I. Kit ◽  
Alla I. Shikhlyarova ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perifocal Edema ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

2545 Background: The standard treatment of malignant brain gliomas, including surgical and radiation therapies, does not provide recovery and a long-time favorable prognosis. The development of technologies and international guidelines on the introduction of electric (TTF) and electromagnetic (TMS) fields in combination treatment for glioblastomas aims to improve immediate results, as shown in experiments on human glioblastoma cell culture. The TMS protocol requires further refinement in parameters of frequency, intensity, and exposure with an assessment of the immediate results of combined treatment. Methods: The study included 60 patients diagnosed with MBG receiving osteoplastic craniotomy with radical (within visible unchanged tissues) tumor removal. Starting from the second day after the surgery, patients of group 1 (n = 30) received 10 sessions of magnetotherapy in the double exposure mode. For the first morning exposure, we used an ultra-low-frequency magnetic field (ULFMF) (0.03 to 9.0 Hz) on the hypothalamus projection area to induce a general antistress reaction. After 2.5-3 hours, local (on the surgical site) TMS exposure with the Neuro-MSD system (Russia) was applied in the pulse algorithm, up to 1 GHz and 5 Hz, 15 mT, 3 min. The induction was reduced exponentially (C = 0.8). The control group 2 (n = 30) did not receive ULFMF or TMS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine the volume of tumors (Vt, cm3) and perifocal edema (Ve, cm3) calculated according to the Shrek’s formula for an ellipsoid (V = a×b×c×π/6). Results: Before surgery, Vt = 54.7±5.7cm3 in group 1, in group 2 - Vt = 60.9±8.5cm3 (no statistical differences). After surgery and the subsequent course of ULFMF and TMS, residual tumor volumes in group 1 were 2.5 times lower than in controls (p < 0.05). The difference between Ve values before and after treatment was on average 80.7 cm3 in group 1 and 41.8 cm3 in group 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The inclusion of sequential ULFMF and TMS exposures into postoperative therapy for gliomas, taking into account various vectors of the influence on the projection of centers of homeostasis regulation and the surgical field, as well as the development of programmed modes of biotropic exposure parameters, improves antitumor and anti-edematous effects.

Lower Head Temperature Does Not Affect Children’s Self-Paced Running Velocity

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
João Ferreira ◽  
Angelo Martini ◽  
Diego Borba ◽  
Leonardo Gomes ◽  
João Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Globe Temperature ◽  
Average Skin ◽  
Head Temperature ◽  
Mean Heart Rate ◽  
Rest Intervals

To test if the use of a peaked cap protects children against sun radiation, allowing increased exercise performance, nineteen healthy children (10.3 ± 0.8 years old, 146.2 ± 6.9 cm, 36.8 ± 5.5 kg, 1.2 ± 0.1 m2 and 44.1 ± 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) took part in 4 experimental situations: 2 initial familiarization runs and 2 self-paced 6km runs (4 × 1.5 km exercise bouts with 3min rest intervals) one of them wearing a peaked cap (CAP) and another situation without the cap (NOCAP). The CAP and NOCAP situations were randomized. Exercise was performed outdoors 3–7 days apart. Environmental variables were measured every 10min, and physiological variables were measured before and after each run and during the rest intervals. Running velocity did not differ between CAP and NOCAP situations. The mean head temperature was reduced by 1.1 °C in the CAP situation (p < .05). Average skin temperature, mean heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and wet bulb and globe temperature did not differ between CAP and NOCAP. The decrease in the mean head temperature was not sufficient to alter running velocity.

scholarly journals PELATIHAN MODEL BEEF CONCEPT DISERTAI PUSH UP DAN JOGGING LEBIH MENINGKATKAN KETEPATAN SHOOTING FREETHROW BOLA BASKET DARI PADA PELATIHAN MODEL BEEF CONCEPT DISERTAI DUMBEL DAN JOGGING

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Kadek Arya Gangga Permana ◽  
Putu Astawa ◽  
Desak Made Wihandani ◽  
Ketut Tirtayasa ◽  
I Made Jawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Basketball Game ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Push Up

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The objective of a basketball game is to insert the ball into the opponent's basket and keep our basket alone so as not to concede the ball. This becomes important because it determines points to improve the ability and maximize points in the game so this needs to be trained. Free throw shots can be done using one hand or two hands. Whereas a free throw is a shot given to a player for committing an offense. This shot is done in the exact position behind the line of free shots in accordance with the rules. Purpose:This study aims to compare training model 1 (beef concept with push up and jogging) and training model 2 (beef concept with dumble and jogging) to improve the accuracy of free throw shooting.This research was conducted on 40 students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan who were chosen in simple random which has fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into two groups so that each group was 20 people and given different treatment for six weeks. Group 1 was given model 1 training and Group 2 was given a model 2 training. Methods:The data obtained were analyzed by paired t- test to find the difference between before and after training in both groups and t-independent test to find the difference of shooting free throw accuracy between groups both before and after the training. The meaning limit is 0.05. The research design used is experimental design Randomized Pre and Post test Group Design. According to Pocock's (2008) theory, each group consisted of 20 groups of 1 and group 2. All groups were given preliminary tests, between treatment one and two treatment were given concurrent training, then each treatment was observed.Results:The result showed that the accuracy of free throw shooting between groups after training was 3.85 ± 1.09 in group 1 and in group 2 was 2.90 ± 1.12. The average accuracy of free throw shooting in training model 1 was higher than with model 2 training which was statistically significantly different with p = 0,010 (p <0,05).Conclution:From the results of this study it is concluded that the training of model 1 further improves the accuracy of free throw shooting rather than training model 2, Suggestion: in practice it is suggested to use training model 1 to improve the accuracy of free throw shooting. Keywords: beef concept, push up, jogging, dumble, free throw shooting

scholarly journals Combination of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and statins for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary bypass surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-823
Author(s):  
Olesya A. Rubanenko ◽  
O. V. Fatenkov ◽  
S. M. Khokhlunov ◽  
A. P. Semagin ◽  
D. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To evaluate the influence of combination of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and atorvastatin on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary bypass surgery (CBS). Material and methods. The study included 114 patients divided into 2 groups, one comprised of 59 ones (75,6% men of mean age 62,0±7,3 yr given conventional medication), the other including 55 patients (80,0% men of mean age 59,4±6,7 yr given omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 5 days before (2 g/d) and during 3 weeks after CBS (1 g/d)). All patients were treated with atorvastatin at the outpatient stage. IL-6,8, 10 and C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, troponin, NT-proBNP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and myeloperoxidase were measured at admittance and on day 3.7±1.4 after surgery. Results. AF developed on day 5.9±4.9 (mean) after surgery. Patients of group 2 tended to have fewer new episodes of arrhythmia although no significant difference between the groups was documented (9,1% vs 18,6%, р=0,12). Group 2 included more smokers (74,5% vs 45,8%, р=0,002) and patients with atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries (87,3% vs 71,2%, р=0,03) but fewer those consuming nitrates (39,0% vs 18,2%, р=0,01) and Ca antagonists (45,8% vs 21,8%, р=0,006).Mean dose of atorvastatin given to patients of groups 1 and 2 was 24.7±12.5 and 25.1±10.5 mg/d respectively (р=0,2), duration of its intake 14.6±12.7 and 21.5±19.3 months (р<0,001). There. was no significant difference between leukocyte count, leukogram, IL-8, IL-10, NT-proBNP, and troponin levels before and after CBS. Surgical myocardial revascularization caused a rise in leukocyte count, shifted the leukogram toward predominance of stab and segmented cells, increased IL-8, IL-10, fibrinogen, NT-proBNP, CRP, and troponin levels in both groups. IL-8 and IL-10 levels remained normal before and after surgery. Preoperative IL-6 level in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 2 (21,7±13,0 vs 2.5±2,2 pg/ml, р<0,001). Postoperatively, the difference was absent. The CRP level before surgery was high in both groups (3122.7±2175.8 vs 3670.8±2490.0 U/g) but decreased after CBS although remained higher in group 1 (1957.6±1660.3 vs 1069.8±630.2 U/g, р<0,001). Myeloperoxidase level increased postoperatively in both groups but the difference was insignificant. Fibrinogen and CRP in the postoperative period increased more significantly in group 2 than in group 1 (4,9±1,4 vs 4,4±1,1 g/l, р=0,02 and 8,6±2,2 vs 5,4±2,3 mg/l respectively, р<0,001). Conclusion. The study revealed an insignificant decrease in the number of AF episodes in the early post-CDS period in patients treated with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and atorvastatin compared with those given the latter medication alone. Also, fibrinogen and CRP levels as markers of inflammation increased while SOD antioxidative activity decreased.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Vitamin D Level with Refractive Errors in Disabled Paediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 271-283
Author(s):  
Bianca Larisa Holhos ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
Cosmin Mihai Vesa ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Paediatric Ophthalmology ◽  
Group 1

Refractive errors are the most prevalent ocular disorders in paediatric ophthalmology having a higher occurrence in children with disabilities. This paper evaluated the refractive status of the disabled children and identified the influence of Vitamin D on this status. The study group was represented by 160 children (80 clinically healthy � group 0, 80 having different physical and/or mental disabilities � group 1) with ages between 5-16 years old, ophthalmologically examined between January 2019-January 2020. The prevalence of refractive errors was analysed according to the blood level of Vitamin D; the prevalence of the identified refractive errors was 35% in the group of children with disabilities (16% myopia, 14% astigmatism, 5% hyperopia) and 36% in the group of clinically healthy children (16% astigmatism, 10% myopia, 10% hyperopia). In group 1, an acceptable level (20-30 ng/mL) of Vitamin D was found in 61.54% of children with myopia, 25% in those with hyperopia, and 18.18% in those with astigmatism, the rest showing insufficiency of Vitamin D. Both children with disabilities/clinically healthy shown ocular refractive errors, the difference between the two groups being statistically insignificant (1%). The presence of Vitamin D in the blood in normal or insufficient levels suggests a strong correlation of its levels with the appearance of ocular refraction disorders.

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