scholarly journals Safe femoral condyle range for the reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation device in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongliu Luo ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Qingmin Han ◽  
Zhi Gao ◽  
Songmiao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Tunnel ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Lateral Femoral Condyle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Anteromedial Portal ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Femoral Fixation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: To determine the characteristics of cross-pin protrusion in patients treated with the reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation device for femoral tunnel preparation through the anteromedial portal in ACLR, analyse the reasons for this outcome, and identify safety hazards of this surgical technique for improvement. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent ACLR using this technology at our hospital in 2018 was conducted. Patients with and without cross-pin protrusion were included in the case and control groups, respectively. The sex, age and imaging characteristics of the patients with cross-pin protrusion were identified, and the reasons for cross-pin protrusion were analysed. Results: There were 64 and 212 patients in the case and control groups, respectively. The proportion of cross-pin protrusion cases was 23.19% (64/276). There was a significant difference in the ratio of males to females (P <0.001, χ2=185.184), the mediolateral femoral condyle diameter (case group, 70.59 ±2.51 mm; control group, 82.65±4.16 mm; P <0.001, t=28.424), and the anteroposterior diameter of the lateral femoral condyle (case group, 58.34±2.89 mm; control group, 66.38±3.53 mm; P <0.001, t=16.615). The cross-pins did not penetrate the lateral femoral condyle cortex in patients with a mediolateral femoral condyle diameter ≥76 mm, but the cross-pins definitely penetrated the cortex when the diameter was ≤70 mm. The cross-pins did not penetrate when the anteroposterior lateral femoral condyle diameter was ≥66 mm, but the cross-pins definitely penetrated it when the diameter was ≤59 mm. Conclusion: The patients with cross-pin protrusion after reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation treatment to prepare the femoral tunnel through the anteromedial portal in ACLR were mainly females with small femoral condyles. For patients with a mediolateral femoral condyle diameter ≥76 mm and an anteroposterior lateral femoral condyle diameter ≥ 66 mm, there is no risk of cross-pin protrusion, so this technique can be used with confidence.

The effect of lavandula angustifolia in the treatment of depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 624-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Parvin ◽  
S. Farzaneh ◽  
M. Nikfarjam ◽  
N. Shahinfard ◽  
N. Asarzadegan
Keyword(s):  
Depression Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
And Control

Background and aimMedical plants have been used for centuries as a medicinal agent in treatment of depression and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the lavendula officinalis on depression in patients using citalopram.MethodsThis clinical trial study was performed in Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran. In this study eighty patients randomly allocated into two groups (40 patients in each group). Patients who complained from depression were studied during a two-month double-blind study. In control group, patients were given 20 mg citalopram twice daily plus placebo and case group were treated with 5 g arial part of dried Lavendula officinalis and citaloperam (20 mg, twice per day). After 4 and 8 weeks, patients were followed for evaluations of their depression and complications. Depression severity was scored using standard Hamilton’s depression questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi square and Paired-t test.ResultsAfter 1 month treatment, mean depression score in case and control groups were 15.2 ± 3.6 and 17.5 ± 3.5, respectively (P < 0.05). After 2 months the mean score of depression in case and control groups was 14.8 ± 4 and 16.8 ± 4.6, respectively (P < 0.01). The most common side effects in two groups were confusion and dry mouth, which were not significantly different between two groups.ConclusionLavendula officinalis has a positive effect on depressed patients and may be useful to decrease the severity of depression in patients using other antidepressants.

scholarly journals Use of Immunohistochemistry Techniques in Patients Exposed to Sulphur Mustard Gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ghanei ◽  
Marco Chilosi ◽  
Hassan Mohammad Hosseini Akbari ◽  
Rouzbeh Motiei-Langroudi ◽  
Ali Amini Harandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Lung Biopsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sulphur Mustard ◽  
Pathologic Diagnosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Number Of Cells

We performed a pathologic study with further using an immunohistochemical technique (using anti-p63 and anti-CK5) on tissues obtained by open lung biopsy from 18 patients with previous exposure to sulphur mustard (SM) as case group and 8 unexposed patients (control group). The most frequent pathologic diagnosis was constrictive bronchiolitis (44.4%), followed by respiratory (22.2%) and chronic cellular bronchiolitis (16.7%) in the case group, and hypersensitivity bronchiolitis (50%) in the control group. The pathologic diagnoses were significantly different in the case and control groups (P=0.042). In slides stained by anti-p63 and anti-CK5, the percent of stained cells and the mean number of epithelial cells were lower in the case group in comparison to the control group. This difference was significant for the mean number of cells stained by anti-CK5 (P=0.042). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between pathologic diagnosis and total number of cells and mean number of cells stained with anti-p63 and anti-CK5 (P  value = 0.002, <0.001, 0.044). These results suggest that constrictive bronchiolitis may be the major pathologic consequence of exposure to SM. Moreover, decrease of p63 in respiratory tissues affected by SM may suggest the lack of regenerative capacity in these patients.

PON1 Hypermethylation and PON3 Hypomethylation are Associated with Risk of Cerebral Infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhao Xiao ◽  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Qian Yuan ◽  
Simiao Zhang ◽  
Kun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
And Control

Objective: Paraoxonase (PON) family genes are closely related to the etiology and prognosis of cerebral infarction. This study explored the association of the promoter methylation of PON family genes (PON1, PON2 and PON3) with the risk of cerebral infarction. Materials and methods: In this study, 152 patients with confirmed cerebral infarction were selected as the case group, and 152 healthy controls were selected as the control group. The quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) was used to determine the promoter methylation levels of PON1, PON2 and PON3 genes. The methylation level was expressed as a methylation reference percentage (PMR). Results: Our results indicated that PON1 methylation was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.0001). On the contrary, PON3 methylation was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.002). In addition, we found that PON2 gene had a very low level of methylation in both case and control groups (PMR = 0). Subgroup analysis showed that PON1 and PON3 methylation were associated with cerebral infarction only in males (PON1, P = 0.0002; PON3, P = 0.007). Interestingly, the methylation levels of PON1 and PON3 were correlated with each other (case: r = 0.418, P = 0.0001; control: r = 0.3, P = 0.0002). Further multiple regression analysis suggested that elevated methylation levels of PON3 were a protective factor for cerebral infarction [OR (95%CI) = 0.979 (0.96, 0.999), β = -0.021, P = 0.035)], highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) and uric acid (UA) also were protective factors for cerebral infarction [HDL, OR (95% CI) = 0.01 (0.003, 0.033), P < 0.0001); UA, OR (95% CI) = 0.995 (0.991, 0.998), P = 0.003)]. The ROC curve analysis found that the combination of PON3, HDL, and UA had a good predictive power for cerebral infarction (AUC=0.878, 95% CI=0.839-0.918, sensitivity 73.7%, specificity 89.7%, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: PON1 and PON3 promoter methylation levels in peripheral blood were closely related. PON1 and PON3 methylation were associated with the risk of cerebral infarction in men. PON3 promoter methylation combined with HDL and UA could be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction.

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

Benefit effect of naloxone in benzodiazepines intoxication: Findings of a preliminary study

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Solhi ◽  
Babak Mostafazadeh ◽  
Hamid Reza Khoddami Vishteh ◽  
Ali Reza Ghezavati ◽  
Ali Shooshtarizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Drug Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
And Control ◽  
Addition Level

Background: Naloxone, as a low-priced and available drug, may be useful in improvement of signs and symptoms of benzodiazepines intoxication. The aim of this study was assessment of its effect on benzodiazepines poisoning. Methods: In this clinical-trial study, patients with typical signs and symptoms of benzodiazepines poisoning, who were referred to a poisoning center in Tehran in 2008, were selected. After recording of patients’ characteristics, supportive treatment was initiated and patients were randomly assigned to the case group with intravenous (IV) injection of two 0.4 mg naloxone ampules or to the control group. Their signs and symptoms were evaluated again 0.5 hour later. Each of diazepam, clonazepam and alperazolam drug group had 30 patients and lorazepam drug group had 26 patients, half of which patients in each drug group received naloxone. Results: Most of the participants were female and the mean age was 28 years. There were no significant differences between case and control groups in age, sex, time of drug consumption, tablet counts, signs and symptoms and level of consciousness at the admission time in each drug types. After naloxone injection in case groups, all signs and symptoms significantly improved in all drug types in comparison to control groups except nystagmus. In addition, level of consciousness significantly improved in case groups in all drug types except lorazepam. Conclusion: Findings of the study showed that naloxone is effective in management of benzodiazepines poisoning. However, future clinical trials with greater sample size are recommened.

scholarly journals Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Mortality and Blood Transfusion in Trauma Patients with Significant Hemorrhage: A Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Farzad Kakaei ◽  
Peyman Virani ◽  
Shahriar Hashemzadeh ◽  
Sina Zarrintan ◽  
Samad Beheshtirouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Transfusion Rate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Extensive hemorrhage is a significant cause of mortality in trauma patients. Tranexamic acid has been used for controlling bleeding in cardiovascular surgeries and dental manipulations in patients with hemophilia. However, in traumatic patients with bleeding, its use dates back to more recent years. This study aims to examine the effects of this drug on reducing mortality and blood transfusion rate in trauma patients with significant hemorrhage. A total of 60 patients with significant trauma-related hemorrhage (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg/heart rate > 110/min) from the emergency department of Imam Reza Hospital (Tabriz, Iran), were randomized in two groups. The case group received intravenous Tranexamic acid (1 g in 10 min and then 1 g over 8 h). The control group received placebo. Rate of transfusion and rate of one-month mortality were compared between the study groups. The mean ICU stay and overall hospitalization times did not have significant difference between two groups (p<0.05). Transfusion of packed cells was 6.03±1.50 and 6.03±1.22 units in case and control groups respectively. Transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was 2.50±1.36 and 3.03±0.96 units in case and control groups respectively (p=0.09). Transfusion of platelets was 0.40±0.20 1.33±0.31 units in case and control groups respectively (p=0.01). Three patients (10%) in the case group and 4 patients (13.3%) in the control group were expired (p=0.50). Tranexamic acid is safe and effective in reducing platelet transfusion rate in patients with trauma-related significant hemorrhage. However, transfusion need and mortality would not reduce by its use in trauma patients. 

scholarly journals Bioinformatic Analysis of Evolutional Conservatism and Functional Significance of Microsatellite Alleles of Human 14Q13.2 Region Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Sjakste ◽  
Ilva Poudžiunas ◽  
Valdis Pīrāgs ◽  
Māris Lazdiñš ◽  
Nikolajs Sjakste
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Microsatellite Alleles

Bioinformatic Analysis of Evolutional Conservatism and Functional Significance of Microsatellite Alleles of Human 14Q13.2 Region Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus The paper deals with bioinformatic and statistical analysis of the possible functional significance of the previously shown association of several microsatellite alleles in intron 6 of the human proteasome core particle PSMA6 gene (HSMS006) and four other microsatellites localised upstream in human chromosome 14q13.2 (HSMS801, HSMS702, HSMS701, HSMS602) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latvia and Botnia, Finland. Genotype analysis revealed that (CAA)8/(CAA)8 homozygotes of the HSMS602 marker were never found in Type 2 diabetes patients, although 6.56% of the individuals from the control groups were the (CAA)8/(CAA)8 homozygotes. For the HSMS801 marker the (AC)21/(AC)23 genotype was never found in the case group and in the control group it was detected with a frequency 4.40%; these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In contrast to the Latvian population, the distribution of genotype frequencies in cases and controls taken from the Botnian dataset was almost similar. Haplotype analysis showed that in the Latvian population besides haplotypes including alleles differently represented in case and control groups, a combination of some alleles almost equally represented in both groups formed combinations that were more characteristic of either the case group or the control group. This indicates probable independent functional significance of these haplotypes that warrants further investigation. In the Botnian population, more allele combinations were observed, and the distribution of haplotypes in case and control groups differed from that observed in Latvia. The observed haplotype distributions might reflect differences between the studied populations: a homogenous and isolated Botnian vis-à-vis a mixed Latvian population. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of data on the Latvian population revealed nine of ten two-allele combinations manifesting a high LD. HSMS006 and HSMS602 combination had a low LD; among the analysed markers these were situated at the largest distance from one another. Data on the Botnian population showed that haplotypes in eight of ten combinations had a high LD, including the HSMS006 and HSMS602 combinations. It appears that the two populations differ also in linkage disequilibrium of two-loci haplotypes. Theoretical analysis of a potential functional role of the polymorphisms indicated the significance of the microsatellite length of HSMS602 and HSMS006 for the formation of DNA hairpins. The whole genomic region appears to be conservative in mammals.

scholarly journals Association among Thyroid Dysfunction, Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis and Eczema in Children with Alopecia Areata

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Ghaffari ◽  
Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni ◽  
Armaghan Kazeminejad ◽  
Hosein Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a non-scarring hair loss, which typically starts quickly. Atopy is one of the possible predisposing risk factors for this condition.AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disease, atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases in children with alopecia areata and compare the results with healthy individuals.METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients with alopecia areata, diagnosed by a dermatologist, and 150 healthy individuals as the control group. Participants filled the questionnaires, and necessary tests were performed.RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 2.55 ± 14.26 and 3.19 ± 11.92 in the case and control groups, respectively. Prevalence of asthma was 22% in the case group and 12.5% in control group (P = 0.109). Also, allergic rhinitis and eczema were observed in 20% and 22% of the subjects of the case group, whereas they were reported to be 8% and 10% in the control group (PV = 0.03 and 0.175, respectively). Moreover, 28% and 8% of the participants in the case and control groups had a family history of atopy and allergic disorders, respectively (P = 0.046). A significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding gender, type of delivery and contact with animals.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, a significant association was observed between the prevalence of alopecia areata and atopic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis and history of atopic dermatitis.

scholarly journals Children with Feeding Difficulties Present Changes in the Development of Feeding Skills: A Study with a Control Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. e49-e54
Author(s):  
Cláudia de Cássia Ramos ◽  
Priscila Maximino ◽  
Rachel Helena Vieira Machado ◽  
Luana Romão Nogueira ◽  
Raquel Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Baby Bottles ◽  
Feeding Skills ◽  
And Control ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction Feeding skills (FS) are important to child development, as the delay in their presence could suggest feeding difficulties (FD) symptoms. The aim of the present study was to compare the development of three types of FS (autonomy to eat, posture at meals, and adequate use of cutleries) among children with FD and without FD. Methods This was a case-control retrospective observational study. The sample consisted of 316 children from case and control groups in accordance with the presence (or not) of FD. The control group was recruited by convenience (verbal approaching at the emergency care unit), and the case group was based on the medical records collected at the reference center. A same-structured questionnaire was used for both groups. Results Children with FD (63.2%) used baby-bottles in an inadequate way with a higher frequency after 24 months of age. Inadequate posture at meals was observed with higher frequency in children with FD (78.1%). Children without FD (89.1%) had more autonomy to eat. In children > 18 months old, this frequency was higher (90.6%). Conclusion Children with FD showed changes on the development of FS. Inadequate posture at meals was associated with a 36-fold higher risk of having FD. Not eating alone after the age of 18 months was associated with a 6-fold higher risk of having FD, while not using baby bottles was associated with a lower risk (52%) of FD complaints. Delays in FS can be predictors of FD during childhood.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbal Echinacea on Recurrent Minor Oral Aphthous Ulcer

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Khozeimeh ◽  
Zahra Saberi ◽  
Atefeh Tavangar ◽  
Fahime Fakhari Badi
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Aphthous Ulcer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aphthous Ulcers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: The oral aphthous is a common oral ulcer with intense pain and there is no treatment for it, yet. Echinacea is an herbal medicine that moderated the immune system. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Echinacea on the treatment of aphthous ulcer. Methods: 50 patients with minor aphthous participated in our study. 25 patients take 3 tablets in a day for five weeks (case group) and 25 patients didn’t take any tablets (control group). The patients were monitored for one month before taking the tablets for six months. During this period, the number of lesions, complete improvement of ulcers, recurrence rate and intensity of pain were considered in each month. Finally, the Friedman and ANOVA tests used to analyze the obtained data. Result: Our study showed a significant difference between a number of lesions during six-month in case and control groups (p>0.001). In this way, we observed that the number of lesions was decreased significantly after six months in the case group. Hence, ANOVA analysis showed a significant decrease between each month for the intensity of pain (p=0.025), complete improvement (p<0.001) and recurrence rate (p=0.026). Conclusion: In conclusion, we showed that Echinacea tablets as an herbal medicine have positive effects on a number of lesions, intensity of pain, complete improvement and recurrence rate in patients with recurrent minor aphthous ulcers.

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