scholarly journals Feasibility of using a General Health Promotion Approach to Helping Smokers with Non- Communicable Diseases Quit Smoking: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ho Cheung LI ◽  
Laurie Long Kwan HO ◽  
Ankie Tan CHEUNG ◽  
Man Ping WONG ◽  
Derek Yee Tak CHEUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
General Health ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Quit Smoking

Abstract This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and ascertain the feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking. A total of 60 participants who had medical follow-up in a special out-patient clinic were randomized into two groups, 30 in the intervention group received brief motivational interviewing to assist them with their chosen behavioral changes, and 30 in the control group received only a smoking cessation booklet. The primary outcome, by intention-to-treat, was biochemically validated abstinence at 12 months. The intervention group had a higher biochemically validated abstinence rate than the control group at 12 months (16.7% vs 6.7% P=.23) although the difference was not statistically significant (Adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 0.43–13.75; P=.32). In addition, the intervention group had a significantly higher self-reported reduction of at least 50% in daily cigarette consumption than the control group at 6 months (Adjusted OR 7.2, 95% CI 1.22–42.44; P=.03).This study demonstrated the potential efficacy and feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial Enhancing Non-Communicable Diseases Health Literacy of Indian Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita R. Shah ◽  
Rahul M Jindal ◽  
Malavika A. Subramanyam
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nursing College

Abstract Background There is a theory-praxis gap related to health literacy interventions focused on non-communicable diseases (NCD) among young people. We designed a NCD curriculum and investigated its’ effect on health literacy in non-medical, non-nursing college students in India. We deliberately selected non-medical and non-nursing college students as we hypothesized they would have minimal baseline knowledge of NCDs. Methods We initially carried out a pilot study in 85 students in a four-day long workshop (12 teaching hours) using empirically developed health literacy instrument. We administered the curriculum to 120 randomly selected students in 4 colleges, while 50 students were controls. The curriculum was given over 4 days for a total of 32 hours. Each lecture comprised of didactic lecture followed by discussion and skills testing of measuring BP and blood sugar. Health literacy was measured using a specifically designed tool at baseline and endline. Difference in health literacy scores between the two time-points was analyzed using the t-test. Multiple linear and Poisson regression models were used for covariates. Results Study groups were comparable at baseline. The intervention group showed 20.6% higher health literacy score at endline versus control group (p<0.001). Participants scoring 40% or above on the health literacy measure in both groups were comparable at baseline. However, the proportion of participants scoring 40% or above was higher in the intervention group versus control group at endline (p<0.001). Conclusions We provide empirical data to support incorporation of NCDs as a credit course in college curricula in low and middle income countries. This is the first study in the Indian context that addressed NCD-related health literacy in a randomized trial.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial Enhancing Non-Communicable Diseases Health Literacy of Indian Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul M. Jindal
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nursing College

Abstract Background There is a theory-praxis gap related to health literacy interventions focused on non-communicable diseases (NCD) among young people. We designed a NCD curriculum and investigated its’ effect on health literacy in non-medical, non-nursing college students in India. We deliberately selected non-medical and non-nursing college students as we hypothesized they would have minimal baseline knowledge of NCDs. Methods We initially carried out a pilot study in 85 students in a four-day long workshop (12 teaching hours) using empirically developed health literacy instrument. We administered the curriculum to 120 randomly selected students in 4 colleges, while 50 students were controls. The curriculum was given over 4 days for a total of 32 hours. Each lecture comprised of didactic lecture followed by discussion and skills testing of measuring BP and blood sugar. Health literacy was measured using a specifically designed tool at baseline and endline. Difference in health literacy scores between the two time-points was analyzed using the t-test. Multiple linear and Poisson regression models were used for covariates. Results Study groups were comparable at baseline. The intervention group showed 20.6% higher health literacy score at endline versus control group (p<0.001). Participants scoring 40% or above on the health literacy measure in both groups were comparable at baseline. However, the proportion of participants scoring 40% or above was higher in the intervention group versus control group at endline (p<0.001). Conclusions We provide empirical data to support incorporation of NCDs as a credit course in college curricula in low and middle income countries. This is the first study in the Indian context that addressed NCD-related health literacy in a randomized trial.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Lifestyle Related Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases through Funeral Societies in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (31) ◽  
pp. 2194-2212
Author(s):  
Thushani Marie Elizabeth Dabrera ◽  
Arunasalem Pathmeswaran ◽  
Anuradhani Kasturirathna ◽  
Gayani Tillekeratne ◽  
Truls Østbye
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Western Province

A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to change diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption among participants through funeral societies in the Western Province. Twenty one administrative subdivisions in the Ragama area were randomized into intervention and control groups. Ten administrative subdivisions in the North Western Province were selected as an additional control group. The primary outcome was change in the proportion of individuals who consumed 5 servings or more of fruits and vegetables per day. The study showed only a modest, not significant increase in the proportion of people consuming 5 servings of fruits and vegetables or more per day. Of the secondary outcomes assessed, their intake of green leaves and mean MET minutes spent on leisure activities increased significantly more in the intervention group than in the control groups, but the differences were small. To effectively reduce non-communicable diseases (NCD) in Sri Lanka, community-based organizations could be utilized to deliver prevention programs.

16. A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF THE IMPACT OF EMAIL AND TEXT (SMS) MESSAGES ON THE SEXUAL HEALTH OF YOUNG PEOPLE

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. C. Lim ◽  
J. S. Hocking ◽  
C. K. Aitken ◽  
L. Jordan ◽  
C. K. Fairley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To trial a novel method of sexual health promotion - sending email and mobile phone text messages (SMS) about safe sex and STI to promote reductions in STI behaviours and increases in STI knowledge and testing. Methods: Young people (aged 16-29) were recruited at a music festival in Melbourne. They completed a questionnaire about sexual risk behaviour and were randomised to either the intervention arm of the study (to receive messages) or a control group. Text messages were sent every 3-4 weeks for a twelve month period and included catchy STI prevention slogans. Emails were sent monthly and contained detailed information about STI topics and links to related websites. Participants completed follow-up questionnaires online after 3, 6 and 12 months. Clustered weighted estimating equations were used to compare outcomes of the two groups. Results: 994 people completed at least one questionnaire (507 in the intervention group and 487 in the control group); at baseline 58% were female, the median age was 19 years and 82% had ever had sex. At 12 months, STI knowledge was higher among the intervention group for both males (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.52, 6.69) and females (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.27, 4.37). Females in the intervention group were also more likely to have discussed sexual health with a clinician (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.66, 5.15) and to have had an STI test in the past 6 months (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.11, 5.69). There were no significant differences in condom use between the groups. Respondents' opinions of the SMS and emails were positive. Conclusions: Receiving regular sexual health-related SMS and email messages can improve knowledge in young people and health seeking behaviour in young women. SMS and email are low cost, widely available and convenient, which - when combined with their popularity among youth - means that these media have considerable potential for sexual health promotion.

scholarly journals Effects of Health Promotion Model-Based Visual Learning Module on Self-Efficacy and Health Promotion Behavior of Stroke Survivors: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 389-397
Author(s):  
Shiv Kumar Mudgal ◽  
Suresh K. Sharma ◽  
Jitender Chaturvedi ◽  
Digpal Singh Chundawat
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Health Promotion Model ◽  
Health Promotion Behavior ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background and Objectives Globally, stroke is one of the major causes of disability and mortality among adults and old age people. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of the health promotion model-based visual learning module (HPM-VLM) on self-efficacy and behavioral modifications among stroke survivors. Methods This nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted on 70 stroke survivors (intervention group, n = 35, and control group, n = 35). The intervention group was subjected to two sessions of the HPM-VLM and the control group received routine instructions. Data were collected through face-to-face structured interview, and observation using a self-structured self-efficacy questionnaire and health promotion behavior questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential (Chi-square, independent t-test, mixed model, and ANCOVA) values by IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS; version 23) software. Results Eventually, follow-up could have been completed for 66 participants (intervention group, n = 34, and control group, n = 32). HPM-VLM is found to be effective in the promotion of self-efficacy (19.2 ± 1.6 vs. 16.12 ± 2.5; p = 001) and health promotion behavior of stroke survivors in most of the domains (p < 0.01). Conclusion HPM-VLM is an effective interventional tool for the promotion of self-efficacy and health promotion behavior of stroke survivors.

Sustainability of the results of a non communicable diseases prevention program among youth in the region of Sousse, Tunisia

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawel Zammit ◽  
Jihene Maatoug ◽  
Rim Ghammam ◽  
Kebaili Raoudha ◽  
Boughammoura Lamia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Introduction: Implementation of a healthy lifestyle at an early age is described as a successful intervention to prevent non communicable diseases. However, successful programs are not necessarily sustainable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 1-year sustainability of a 3-year comprehensive intervention conducted to promote a healthy lifestyle among schoolchildren. Materials and methods: A cohort study of 204 schoolchildren enrolled in middle schools was conducted after a quasi-experimental study in the region of Sousse, Tunisia. The survey lasted 1 year. An exposed group (n=105) was selected from the intervention group and the not-exposed group (n=99) was selected from the control group. The exposition was the intervention. The same questionnaire used at pre-intervention and post-intervention was self-administered to collect data about tobacco use, physical activity and eating habits. The biometric measurements were taken by trained medical doctors at schools. Results: After 1 year of follow-up, none of participants became smokers in the exposed group. However, in the not-exposed group five (5.1%) participants became smokers. The proportion of schoolchildren who experimented with tobacco for the first time increased insignificantly by 2.9% (p=0.77) in the exposed group versus a significant increase by 11.1% (p=0.001) in the not-exposed group. Concerning the recommended physical activity practice, fast food and fried food consumption and overweight, there were no significant changes in the two groups. Conclusion: A 3-year non communicable diseases prevention program has limited sustainable effects among schoolchildren in the short-term. Its repetition or a continued program through multisectoral actions is required.

scholarly journals O7C.3 Effectiveness of a multi-faceted intervention to prevent musculoskeletal pain in nurses and aides: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A65.1-A65
Author(s):  
Mercè Soler Font ◽  
José Maria Ramada Rodilla ◽  
Sander van Zon ◽  
Josué Almansa Ortega ◽  
Ute Bültmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized

BackgroundHealth workers are at high risk of developing musculoskeletal pain (MSP). This study aimed to evaluate a multi-faceted intervention in two public tertiary hospitals, encompassing three levels of prevention and health promotion to prevent and manage MSP.MethodsA two-armed cluster randomized controlled trial, with a late intervention control group was performed. Clusters were independent hospital units, and participants were the nursing staff. The intervention comprised three components: participatory ergonomics, case management, and health promotion. The control group received usual occupational health care. The intervention lasted one year and data were collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months follow-up. Primary outcomes were self-perceived MSP and its associated sickness absence. The process evaluation included recruitment, context, reach, dose administered and received, fidelity, satisfaction, implementation strategy, and discussion groups of experts and participants.ResultsEight clusters, including 445 participants, were randomized. In the intervention group a 20% statistically significant reduction of neck, shoulders and upper back pain compared to the control group (OR=0.37; 95% CI=0.14–0.96) was observed at 12 months follow-up. We found no significant differences in incidence and duration of sickness absence. Organizational culture (secondary outcome) improved significantly in the intervention group in the domains of ‘formal safety audits’, ‘availability of information for safety at work’, and ‘involvement of workers in decisions that affect their safety and health’ compared to the control group. The intervention was implemented with 96.6% fidelity, and participants’ adherence was 75.5%. Participant’s satisfaction was 9.1/10.ConclusionsThis intervention showed effectiveness to reduce MSP and improve organizational culture, through to an integral management of MSP. Although our results are modest, strategies should focus on multi-faceted interventions, and occupational health services might be excellent opportunity for.

scholarly journals A Randomised Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Administration of the Health Improvement Card as a Health Promotion Tool: A Physiotherapist-Led Community-Based Initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8065
Author(s):  
Yiwen Bai ◽  
Xubo Wu ◽  
Raymond CC Tsang ◽  
Ruisheng Yun ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Randomised Controlled

A randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the administration of the Health Improvement Card (HIC) on lifestyle practices and biometric variables in community-dwelling Chinese participants. Adults living in Shanghai were randomly assigned to either the HIC-intervention or control group. Measurements/assessments were conducted at baseline and three-month follow-up. Supervised physiotherapy students administered the HIC and four standardised questionnaires related to health and wellbeing. Both groups received a health promotion education pamphlet. Based on participants’ HIC biometric and lifestyle scores, students prescribed lifestyle, and exercise advice to the HIC-intervention group. 171 individuals (39 men, 132 women) (mean age 68.4 ± 9.7 y) participated. At follow-up, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference decreased significantly in the HIC-intervention group. Furthermore, the number of participants in the HIC-intervention group categorised as low risk regarding their physical activity and dietary practices, increased by 32.2% and 20%, respectively. Changes in standardised questionnaire scores did not meet minimum clinically importance differences in either group. This is the first study to demonstrate that HIC-informed health promotion education can improve people’s lifestyle practices, thereby, objective biometric variables. Evaluation of the effect of HIC-informed lifestyle education on some biometric parameters (blood pressure and BMI) may warrant a longer timeframe.

Promoting the Community's Ability to Detect and Respond to Suicide Risk Through an Online Bystander Intervention Model-Informed Tool

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Karien Hill ◽  
Shawn Somerset ◽  
Ralf Schwarzer ◽  
Carina Chan
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
Standard Material

Abstract. Background: The public health sector has advocated for more innovative, technology-based, suicide prevention education for the community, to improve their ability to detect and respond to suicide risk. Emerging evidence suggests addressing the bystander effect through the Bystander Intervention Model (BIM) in education material may have potential for suicide prevention. Aims: The current study aimed to assess whether BIM-informed tools can lead to improved readiness, confidence and intent in the community to detect and respond to suicide risk in others. Method: A sample of 281 adults recruited from the community participated in a randomized controlled trial comprising a factsheet designed according to the BIM (intervention group) and a standard factsheet about suicide and mental health (control group). Participants' self-reported detecting and responding to suicide risk readiness, confidence, and intent when presented with a suicidal peer was tested pre- and postintervention and compared across time and between groups. Results: The intervention group had significantly higher levels of detecting and responding to suicide risk readiness, confidence, and intent than the control group at postintervention (all p < .001) with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Limitations: The study was limited by a homogenous sample, too low numbers at follow-up to report, and self-report data only. Conclusion: This study demonstrates BIM-informed suicide prevention training may enhance the community's intervention readiness, confidence, and intent better than current standard material. Further testing in this area is recommended. While results were statistically significant, clinical significance requires further exploration.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

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