scholarly journals Rutin Protects from Destruction by Interrupting the Pathways Playing a Role in the Possible Damage Mechanism of Sodium Valproate in the Liver and Kidney Tissues of Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Mustafa Ileriturk ◽  
Cihan Gur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Abstract Background: The present study investigated the effects of rutin (RUT), which has various biological and pharmacological properties, on liver and kidney damage caused by histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VLP), which is used in the treatment of many psychiatric disorders.Methods and Results: In the study, 50 or 100 mg/kg RUT treatment was administered 30 minutes after 500 mg/kg VLP was given to rats for 14 days. Then, some pathways that may be involved in the damage mechanism of VLP in liver and kidney tissues were investigated using biochemical, RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. The results show that the levels of MDA induced by VLP in liver and kidney tissues decreased after RUT treatment, and the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH suppressed by VLP increased after RUT administration. It was observed that ER stress induced by oxidative stress was alleviated by suppressing the expressions of ATF-6, PERK, IRE1 and GRP78 after RUT treatment. It was observed that the expressions of NF-kB, TNF-a, IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in the inflammatory pathway increased after VLP administration, while RUT treatment decreased the levels of these markers. It is also among the data obtained that the levels of markers that play a role in the regulation of apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2, kaspaz-3, pERK, pJNK) or autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3A, LC3B) approach the control group after RUT treatment.Conclusions: Taken together, it was determined that RUT treatment protected against liver and kidney damage by attenuating VLP-induced oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy.

Solanum torvum Swartz. fruit attenuates cadmium-induced liver and kidney damage through modulation of oxidative stress and glycosylation

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 7919-7929 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Ramamurthy ◽  
A. Subastri ◽  
A. Suyavaran ◽  
K. C. V. Subbaiah ◽  
L. Valluru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

scholarly journals The Effect of Broccoli Extract in Arsenic-Induced Experimental Poisoning on the Hematological, Biochemical, and Electrophoretic Parameters of the Liver and Kidney of Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Raeeszadeh ◽  
Pouria Karimi ◽  
Nadia Khademi ◽  
Pejman Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Heavy metals such as arsenic contribute to environmental pollution that can lead to systemic effects in various body organs. Some medicinal plants such as broccoli have been shown to reduce the harmful effects of these heavy metals. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of broccoli extract on liver and kidney toxicity, considering hematological and biochemical changes. The experimental study was performed in 28 days on 32 male Wistar rats classified into four groups: the control group (C), a group receiving 5 mg/kg oral arsenic (AS), a group receiving 300 mg/kg broccoli (B), and a group receiving arsenic and broccoli combination (AS + B). Finally, blood samples were taken to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney, as well as serum proteins’ concentration. Liver and kidney tissue were fixed and stained by H&E and used for histopathological diagnosis. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the AS group compared to other groups. However, in the B group, a significant increase in RBC and WBC was observed compared to the AS and C groups ( P  < 0.05). Moreover, RBC and WBC levels increased significantly in the AS + B group compared to the AS group ( P  = 0.046). However, in the AS group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels increased, while total protein, albumin, and globulin decreased. This can be a result of liver and kidney damage, which was observed in the AS group. Furthermore, the increase in the concentration of albumin and globulin in the AS + B group was higher than that in the AS group. Infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrosis of the liver and kidney tissue in the pathological evaluation of the AS group were significantly higher than other groups. There was an increase in superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC); however, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was seen in the AS + B group compared to the AS group. It seems that broccoli is highly effective at reducing liver and kidney damage and improving the hematological and biochemical factors in arsenic poisoning conditions.

scholarly journals Brewers’ Rice: A By-Product from Rice Processing Provides Natural Hepatorenal Protection in Azoxymethane-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Ling Tan ◽  
Mohd Esa Norhaizan ◽  
Ithnin Hairuszah ◽  
Hamzah Hazilawati ◽  
Karim Roselina
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Brewers’ rice, which is known locally astemukut, is a mixture of broken rice, rice bran, and rice germ. Our present study was designed to identify the effect of brewers’ rice on the attenuation of liver and kidney damage induced by azoxymethane (AOM). Alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine, and urea were evaluated to understand potential hepatoprotective effects and the ability of brewers’ rice to attenuate kidney pathology induced by AOM treatment. Liver and kidney tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Overall analyses revealed that brewers’ rice improved the levels of serum markers in a manner associated with better histopathological outcomes, which indicated that brewers’ rice could enhance recovery from hepatocyte and kidney damage. Taken together, these results suggest that brewers’ rice could be used in future applications to combat liver and kidney disease.

Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Eshrati ◽  
Mahvash Jafari ◽  
Saeed Gudarzi ◽  
Afshen Nazari ◽  
Esmaeil Samizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

scholarly journals The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor AN7, Attenuates Choroidal Neovascularization in a Mouse Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Mor Dahbash ◽  
Ruti Sella ◽  
Elinor Megiddo-Barnir ◽  
Yael Nisgav ◽  
Nataly Tarasenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Deacetylase Inhibitor

: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a complication of age-related macular degeneration and a major contributing factor to vision loss. In this paper, we show that in a mouse model of laser-induced CNV, systemic administration of Butyroyloxymethyl-diethyl phosphate (AN7), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), significantly reduced CNV area and vascular leakage, as measured by choroidal flatmounts and fluorescein angiography. CNV area reduction by systemic AN7 treatment was similar to that achieved by intravitreal bevacizumab treatment. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), and the endothelial cells marker CD31, was lower in the AN7 treated group in comparison to the control group at the laser lesion site. In vitro, AN7 facilitated retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells tight junctions’ integrity during hypoxia, by protecting the hexagonal pattern of ZO-1 protein in the cell borders, hence reducing RPE permeability. In conclusion, systemic AN7 should be further investigated as a possible effective treatment for CNV.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and liver damage in birds exposed to diclofenac and lead

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Osičková ◽  
Hana Banďouchová ◽  
Veronika Kováčová ◽  
Jiří Král ◽  
Ladislav Novotný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Responses of wildlife to multiple stressors fit in the ecological concept of trade-off. While toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and heavy metals for free-ranging birds has been shown in single exposures, the present study aims to evaluate oxidative stress, and liver and kidney damage caused by single and combined effects of diclofenac and lead in the Japanese quail. Forty Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into equal groups of controls, diclofenac, Pb, and Pb+diclofenac exposures. The birds were exposed to the respective chemicals through insertion of lead shots (1.5 g) into the crop on day 0 of the experiment and/or administration of 5 mg/kg of diclofenac intramuscularly in two treatments on days 0 and 5. Groups in liver and kidney tissues of birds were then compared after 10 days using histopathology and biochemistry markers such as glutathione reductase (GR), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation measured as total thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). The liver damage score gradient was Pb+diclofenac exposure group > Pb exposure group > diclofenac exposure group and hepatic TBARS values were significantly increased in the group of birds exposed to a combination of diclofenac and lead compared to the healthy control group. The study has shown that, apart from the reported nephrotoxicity of diclofenac, hepatic toxicity should also be considered. Avian clinicians should be cautious when selecting drugs for therapy of wild birds with unknown history of exposure to toxic substances.

Inhibitory Effect of Astraxanthin Combined with Flavangenol® on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Streptozotocin-Iduced Diabetic Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (45) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Nakano ◽  
Natsumi Orimo ◽  
Nakako Katagiri ◽  
Masahito Tsubata ◽  
Jiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

In this study, the effect of dietary antioxidants, such as astaxanthin and Flavangenol®, and a combination of both, in counteracting oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes was investigated. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, astaxanthin, Flavangenol, and combined astaxanthin and Flavangenol (mix group). Each group other than the control group was fed with an astaxanthin diet (0.1 g/kg), Flavangenol diet (2.0 g/kg), or an astaxanthin (0.1 g/kg)-Flavangenol (2.0 g/kg) mixture diet, respectively. After 12 weeks of feeding, the results showed that the lipid peroxide levels of plasma and lens and the plasma triglyceride (TG) level in the mix group were significantly decreased by 44%, 20%, and 20%, respectively, compared with the control group. In the mix group, lipid peroxidation was also significantly reduced by 70% in the liver and 20% in the kidney compared with the control group. Furthermore, the level of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the mix group was significantly lower, 36%, than the control group. The α-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney in the astaxanthin and mix groups were significantly higher, 3-9 times, than in the control group. The degree of cataract formation in the Flavangenol and mix groups tended to be lower than the control group. These results indicate that the combination of astaxanthin with Flvangenol has an improved protective effect on oxidative stress associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes than either agent used alone. Thus, this combination may be beneficial in preventing the progression of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals The Effect of Trichostatin A on Radiosensitivity in Glioblastoma

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taspinar ◽  
Çakir ◽  
Güven ◽  
Denizler ◽  
Kartal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Deacetylase Inhibitor

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most lethal brain tumor that resists standard treatments because of its high malignancy. Radiotherapy (RT) directly affects the clinical success on GB treatment. Epigenetic modifications occur in GB cells at a high rate. Improving the therapeutic efficacy of RT over epigenetic modulators may contribute to the development of a targeted treatment in GB. Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, a natural antifungal compound. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TSA on radiosensitivity when combined with RT in GB cells. Different concentrations of TSA (in the range of 100–1000 nm) and 8 Gy RT were applied to GB LN-405 cells as alone and combination simultaneously. Cell viability was determined by MTT. In the RT application, 3D conformal technique, which can represent GB clinical practice, was used. Cell viability was significantly reduced in both TSA and TSA + RT combination groups compared to control group (p < 0.05). When the TSA was compared with the TSA + RT combination, it was found that TSA increased the radiosensitivity by 17–41% depending on the dose. This is the first study to show that TSA increases the radiosensitivity in GB LN-405 cells in the literature.

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