scholarly journals The Effect of Broccoli Extract in Arsenic-Induced Experimental Poisoning on the Hematological, Biochemical, and Electrophoretic Parameters of the Liver and Kidney of Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Raeeszadeh ◽  
Pouria Karimi ◽  
Nadia Khademi ◽  
Pejman Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Heavy metals such as arsenic contribute to environmental pollution that can lead to systemic effects in various body organs. Some medicinal plants such as broccoli have been shown to reduce the harmful effects of these heavy metals. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of broccoli extract on liver and kidney toxicity, considering hematological and biochemical changes. The experimental study was performed in 28 days on 32 male Wistar rats classified into four groups: the control group (C), a group receiving 5 mg/kg oral arsenic (AS), a group receiving 300 mg/kg broccoli (B), and a group receiving arsenic and broccoli combination (AS + B). Finally, blood samples were taken to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney, as well as serum proteins’ concentration. Liver and kidney tissue were fixed and stained by H&E and used for histopathological diagnosis. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the AS group compared to other groups. However, in the B group, a significant increase in RBC and WBC was observed compared to the AS and C groups ( P  < 0.05). Moreover, RBC and WBC levels increased significantly in the AS + B group compared to the AS group ( P  = 0.046). However, in the AS group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels increased, while total protein, albumin, and globulin decreased. This can be a result of liver and kidney damage, which was observed in the AS group. Furthermore, the increase in the concentration of albumin and globulin in the AS + B group was higher than that in the AS group. Infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrosis of the liver and kidney tissue in the pathological evaluation of the AS group were significantly higher than other groups. There was an increase in superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC); however, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was seen in the AS + B group compared to the AS group. It seems that broccoli is highly effective at reducing liver and kidney damage and improving the hematological and biochemical factors in arsenic poisoning conditions.

scholarly journals Tartrazine induces structural and functional aberrations and genotoxic effectsin vivo

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa Khayyat ◽  
Amina Essawy ◽  
Jehan Sorour ◽  
Ahmed Soffar
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Experimental Group

Tartrazine is a synthetic organic azo dye widely used in food and pharmaceutical products. The current study aimed to evaluate the possible adverse effect of this coloring food additive on renal and hepatic structures and functions. Also, the genotoxic potential of tartrazine on white blood cells was investigated using comet assay. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were grouped into two groups of 10 each, control- and tartrazine-treated groups. The control group was administered orally with water alone. The experimental group was administered orally with tartrazine (7.5 mg/kg, b.wt.). Our results showed a marked increase in the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid, creatinine, MDA and NO, and a decreased level of total antioxidants in the serum of rats dosed with tartrazine compared to controls. On the other hand, administration of tartrazine was associated with severe histopathological and cellular alterations of rat liver and kidney tissues and induced DNA damage in leucocytes as detected by comet assay. Taken together, the results showed that tartrazine intake may lead to adverse health effects.

scholarly journals Rutin Protects from Destruction by Interrupting the Pathways Playing a Role in the Possible Damage Mechanism of Sodium Valproate in the Liver and Kidney Tissues of Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Mustafa Ileriturk ◽  
Cihan Gur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Deacetylase Inhibitor ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Abstract Background: The present study investigated the effects of rutin (RUT), which has various biological and pharmacological properties, on liver and kidney damage caused by histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VLP), which is used in the treatment of many psychiatric disorders.Methods and Results: In the study, 50 or 100 mg/kg RUT treatment was administered 30 minutes after 500 mg/kg VLP was given to rats for 14 days. Then, some pathways that may be involved in the damage mechanism of VLP in liver and kidney tissues were investigated using biochemical, RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. The results show that the levels of MDA induced by VLP in liver and kidney tissues decreased after RUT treatment, and the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH suppressed by VLP increased after RUT administration. It was observed that ER stress induced by oxidative stress was alleviated by suppressing the expressions of ATF-6, PERK, IRE1 and GRP78 after RUT treatment. It was observed that the expressions of NF-kB, TNF-a, IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in the inflammatory pathway increased after VLP administration, while RUT treatment decreased the levels of these markers. It is also among the data obtained that the levels of markers that play a role in the regulation of apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2, kaspaz-3, pERK, pJNK) or autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3A, LC3B) approach the control group after RUT treatment.Conclusions: Taken together, it was determined that RUT treatment protected against liver and kidney damage by attenuating VLP-induced oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SAUSSUREA LAPPA AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATIC AND RENAL DAMAGE IN MALE RABBITS

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIAM A KADHEM
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Saussurea Lappa ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group 2

Objective: The objective of our study is to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of Saussurea lappa against paracetamol-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male rabbits. Methods: Eighteen male rabbits were used for this study and were divided into three groups of six rabbits each. Group 1: Rabbits were the normal (negative control), Group 2: (Positive control) Rabbits were administered paracetamol at dose 300 mg/kg body weight (B.W) for 14 day, and Group 3: Rabbits received paracetamol at dose 300 mg/kg B.W then treated with ethanolic extract of S. lappa at dose 300 mg/kg B.W for 14 day. Results: The obtained results showed a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in B.W, red blood cells count, white blood cells count, neutrophil, total protein, and albumin with significant (p≤0.05) increase in lymphocyte, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, and malondialdehyde in rabbits of positive control group, histological studies showed many pathological changes in liver and kidney when compared with negative control group. The oral administration of the ethanolic extract of S. lappa significantly protected the hepatic and kidney cells from damage, the hematological and biochemical parameters were also almost normal in extract treated rabbits compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study indicates that the roots of S. lappa act as antioxidant substance and have hepato and renoprotective effect against toxicity induced by paracetamol.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on grown, survival rate, intestinal morphology and blood cell count of the golden trevally fish (Gnathanodon specious)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4A) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Dang Tran Tu Tram ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nguyet Hue ◽  
Ho Son Lam ◽  
Nguyen Truong Tan Tai ◽  
Dao Thi Hong Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Erythrocyte Density

The golden trevally fishes (Gnathanodon specious) (2.19 ± 0.23 g) were cultured in glass tanks with density of 20 fishes/tank and they were fed supplemental diets of different MOS concentrations (0; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6%) for 90 days. Collected data included growth rate, survival rate and some hematological characteristics of this fish. The results demonstrated that MOS supplementation did not affect growth performance, erythrocyte density and blood cell size, however the survival rate was significantly increased. On the other hand, the total number of white blood cells (BC) on the 60th day in the fish fed with MOS supplements (5.78–6.96 × 104TB/mm3) was higher than that in the control group (only 5.43 × 104TB/mm3) with the largest total leukocytes (6.96 ± 0.50 × 104TB /mm3) at 0.2% MOS (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ZINC ELEMENT AND DEXAMETHASONE ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL BIOCHEMICAL TESTS IN RABBITS MALE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Short Time

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc in dose 15mg/kg.bw daily  taken by the mouth and dexamethasone 4mgIkg.Bw by injection for 30days on some hematological biochemical tests and some histological changes of liver spleen in male rabbits. Thirty rabbits were used that divided into 3 randomized groups (each group contain 10 male rabbits ). Control group was taken normal food and water, Zinc group that gave zinc at dose of 15mg/kg.BW/daily/oral on 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. Dexamethasone with zinc group : Employ dexamethasone 4mg/Kg.Bw . I.M dialy for 1 and 2 weeks for experiment and at  3, 4th weeks they gave zn 15mg/lKg.Bw day/orally. Blood samples were taken from the heart directly in 2 and 4weeks to examine packed cell volume (pcv), white blood cells (WBCs), Red blood cells (RBCs) with differential Leuckcyte count.separation blood collection to plasma and examine glucose mg/dl , cholesterol mg/dl. In histological tests, rabbits were killed and separate their organs tissue from the body to examine liver and spleen. The results revealed  a decrease in level of RBCs, pcv after treatment with zinc 15, mg/Kg.Bw orally (zinc group) and increase in WBCs with differential leuckocyte count specially neutrophil cell, while biochemical tests show increase in glucose and cholesterol levels after treatment with dexamethasone 4mglkgBw. I/M seen increase in counts of RBCs , PCV, WBCs and differential lenkocyte count and decrease in glucose with cholesterol parameters, histological changes show change in liver after treatment by dexamethasone 4mglKg.Bw ,spleen tissue seen necrosis and pigmentation with hemorrhage after take dexamethasone 4mglkg in (dexamethasone + zinc group). Results also showed that zinc enhanced the immune system in at normal dose for limited time  because of its effect on other mineral such as copper and causes anemia , while the dexamethasone is a drug used for antianflammatory but for a short time.                                                                                                                           

Biochemical Profile, Micro-mineral Status and Metallothionein Expression in Abattoir Buffaloes Environmentally Exposed to Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himalaya Bhardwaj ◽  
Chanchal Singh ◽  
Shashi Nayyar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
And Control ◽  
Metals Exposure

Background: The present study was planned to assess the biochemical and micro-minerals profile in blood and other tissues of buffaloes environmentally exposed to heavy metals. Methods: Tissues (liver and kidney) and blood samples (n=50) were collected from local abattoir. Based on the level of heavy metals, animals were classified as exposed and control was found to have heavy metals in normal range. Blood and tissue sample from both groups were analyzed for micro-minerals, antioxidant status, metabolic profile and expression of metallothionein-2 (MT-2).Result: Exposed group was found to have significantly (p less than 0.05) higher level of arsenic and chromium as compared to the control group. Level of Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were observed to be significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in exposed animals as compared to control but their concentrations were below the permissible limit in both the groups. Cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) level were normal in all tissues but Fe level was lower than permissible limit in blood. Malonldialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was found to be significantly increased (p less than 0.05) in tissues and blood of exposed group. The exposed buffaloes were found to have significantly (p less than 0.05) increased glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea and creatinine level as compared to control group. Fold change expression of metallothionein (MT-2), had maximum in liver, followed by kidney and blood as compared to control group. The study concluded that heavy metals exposure and low concentration of micro-minerals in buffaloes could result in oxidative damage and alterations in the expression of metallothionein.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND METABOLISM OF FATTENED YOUNG PIGS IN PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M.G. CHABAEV ◽  
◽  
E.YU. TSIS ◽  
R.V. NEKRASOV ◽  
M.I. KLEMENTEV
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Young Pigs

Selenium plays an important role for maintaining complex and adequate nutrition of fattened young pigs. It also has a big biological importance to maintain growth and health, as well as for biochemical and physiological processes This study presents the results of a production experiment to determine the effect of organic and inorganic forms of selenium on growth indicators, immunohematological blood parameters and slaughter qualities of fattened pigs in period I and II. Test feeding with various forms of selenium has been implemented with two groups of analogs (N = 60; n = 30), taking into account age and live weight. The experiment was conducted on castrates of large white breed, which were divided into two groups of 30 heads each following the principle of analogues (taking into account their age, live weight). The studied fattened pigs received standard complete feeds of the SK-5 and SK-6 types for a period of 105 days. Growing pigs were fed with organic selenium for 20 mg/kg as part of the feed 64 mixture per head in the first and second period of fattening, while the animals of the control group were fed with 0.3 mg/kg of the inorganic form of selenium. Including a chelated form of selenium in the complete feed of castrates at the rate established in the course of scientific and economic studies has led to 757 g of average daily gain, which is 8.1% more as compared to the control group. The concentration of red blood cells in the blood of growing pigs fed with 20 mg/kg of selenium chelate increased by 6.3%, hemoglobin – by 2.4%, and white blood cells – by 7.1% as compared to the control. Feeding organic selenium to fattened young pigs contributed to a significant increase in specific units of protein activity by 38.65% (p < 0.01), BASC – by 7.63%, as well as lysis – by 40.06% (p < 0.05), and phagocytic activity by 3.33% in blood serum as compared to the control. The half-carcasses of hogs who had received fed rations including selenium chelate fetured slaughter weight and slaughter yield, respectively, higher – by 6.4 and 0.6% as compared with the control analogues. The use of the established norm of organic selenium in the diets of fattened young pigs according to the results of production testing is economically profitable and contributes to a per-head profit of 420 rubles.

scholarly journals Effects of carprofen or meloxicam on selected haemostatic variables in miniature pigs after orthopaedic surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Raušer ◽  
Leona Lexmaulová ◽  
Robert Srnec ◽  
Lucie Urbanová ◽  
Pavel Proks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Intramuscular Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Miniature Pigs ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Biochemical Variables

The aim of the study was to detect and compare the haemostatic variables and bleeding after 7‑days administration of carprofen or meloxicam in clinically healthy miniature pigs. Twenty-one clinically healthy Göttingen miniature pigs were divided into 3 groups. Selected haemostatic variables such as platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, serum biochemical variables such as total protein, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells and buccal mucosal bleeding time were assessed before and 7 days after daily intramuscular administration of saline (1.5 ml per animal, control group), carprofen (2 mg·kg-1) or meloxicam (0.1 mg·kg-1). In pigs receiving carprofen or meloxicam, the thrombin time was significantly increased (p< 0.01) compared to the control group. In animals receiving carprofen, serum urea and creatinine were significantly decreased, compared to the control (p< 0.01) or meloxicam (p< 0.05) groups. In pigs receiving meloxicam, serum urea was significantly decreased (p< 0.05) compared to the control group. Significant differences were not detected in other haemostatic, biochemical variables or bleeding time compared to other groups or to the pretreatment values. Intramuscular administration of carprofen or meloxicam in healthy miniature pigs for 7 days causes sporadic, but not clinically important changes of selected haemostatic variables. Therefore, we can recommend them for perioperative use, e.g. for their analgesic effects, in orthopaedic or other surgical procedures without increased bleeding.

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