scholarly journals Are People with Poor Differentiation of Self at Risk of Developing Eating Disorders? A Study of Jewish and Arab Participants

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ora Peleg ◽  
Orna Tzischinsky
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Emotional Cutoff

Abstract Purpose: In light of findings that Israeli Arabs report higher prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) than Israeli Jews and that higher rates of the risk of EDs have been reported by females than males, the first aim of this study was to further investigate the cultural and gender differences in differentiation of self (DoS) and risk of developing EDs among Israeli young adults. The second aim was to examine whether DoS is associated with the risk of EDs. Methods: Of the 859 participants (670 females, mean age 26.8), 440 were Jewish and 419 were Arab. Participants took the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and completed the Differentiation of Self-Revised (DSI-R) questionnaire.Results: Results revealed that Jewish participants had significantly lower diet, bulimia, and total EAT-26 scores than their Arab counterparts, while Jewish female participants had higher dieting and lower emotional cutoff scores than Jewish male participants. In addition, Jews who reported higher levels of risk of EDs showed higher levels of BMI, emotional reactivity, emotional cutoff, and fusion with others. Arabs who reported higher levels of risk of EDs reported higher levels of BMI and emotional cutoff and lower levels of I-position. Conclusion: People with high risk of EDs may have difficulty maintaining intimate family relationships. In distressing situations, they tend to disconnect rather than share with or gain support from significant others. In each culture, the risk of EDs increases for differently: among the Arab participants, when feelings and needs remain unexpressed; among the Jewish participants, even when they have symbiotic family relationships.Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study

scholarly journals Eating Disorders in Top Elite Beach Handball Players: Cross Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Manuel Vicente-Martínez ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Miralles-Amorós ◽  
María Martínez-Olcina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

(1) Background: The preoccupation with the increasing appearance of eating disorders (ED) in athletes continues to grow, especially in athletes who practice team sports. ED severely affects the eating habits of the athletes, who tend to use unhealthy approaches to control their body weight. The development of nutritional education and early interventions by training staff is essential, and these factors are widely perceived as beneficial in sports medicine. This study evaluates the frequency at which beach handball (BH) players develop ED, also comparing the differences by sex and age (junior: adolescents vs. senior: young adults). In addition, the relation between body composition variables and ED was studied. (2) Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 69 top elite handball players (36 males and 33 females) from the Spanish National BH Team; who were separated by age (junior: adolescents and senior: young adults). The athletes completed the Eating Attitudes Test in its 26 item version (EAT-26). (3) Results: The prevalence of ED indicated that 11% of females had a high possibility of developing an ED, and 3% of males. Regarding the EAT-26 total score and subscales, no significant differences were found between female and male participants, or between the junior and senior categories. The correlations showed an association between body composition, in terms of body mass index, and the EAT-26 total score in both males and females. In the case of males, the correlation was negative. (4) Conclusions: Although there are no significant differences between sex or categories, it has been found that elite athletes are a population that is at high risk of developing ED.

Eating Attitudes of Female Pharmacy students in Pakistan: a Cross-Sectional Psychometric Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Aqeel Aslam ◽  
Ushna Laraib ◽  
Iqra Afzal ◽  
Shingraf Zaib ◽  
Asma Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disturbed Eating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eat 26

The prevalence of eating disorders among University students has been on rise throughout the world. The present descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among the female students of pharmacy department at University of Sargodha, Pakistan using well established EAT-26 questionnaire. The study included 177 female undergraduate pharmacy students from all five years of Pharm D. An EAT-26 score over 20 was indicator of disturbed eating behavior. Out of the total 177 students who participated the study, 47 (26.6%) students had disturbed eating behavior. The mean EAT-26 score was 14.7. According to BMI calculations, 31.64% of total individuals were underweight, 59.32% normal, 6.78% overweight and 2.26% belonged to obese category. The prevalence of eating disorders was found to be much higher than the studies conducted at developed countries. There is an urgent need of an effort to increase awareness of such disorders among students and general public. Conduction of such study at other institutes and at larger scale is recommended.

scholarly journals Frequency of pain and eating disorders among professional and amateur dancers

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angélica Kurpel Diogo ◽  
Gabriel Gomes de Oliveira Ribas ◽  
Thelma Larocca Skare
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Lower Limb Pain ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Eat 26

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The pursuit of perfection can cause anxiety and lead dancers to exceed their physical limits. The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence of pain symptoms and eating disorders among professional and amateur dancers. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cross-sectional study; Curitiba, PR, Brazil. METHODS: Data on 150 professional and non-professional practitioners of ballet, jazz and street dance were collected through specific questionnaires: Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-T-6 (STAI-T-6). RESULTS: Pain was observed in 58.6% of the sample, equally between professionals and amateurs (P = 0.19). Ballet dancers had more lower-limb pain than the other groups (P = 0.05). EAT-26 showed a tendency towards more eating disorders among the amateurs (P = 0.06). Higher risk of eating disorders was found among ballet dancers (P = 0.004) and jazz practitioners (P = 0.02) than among street dancers. Amateurs had more symptoms on the BITE scale (P < 0.0001), more pain (P = 0.002) and higher anxiety (P < 0.0001). Eating disorders were more common among females (P = 0.01) and singles (P = 0.02). Professionals were more satisfied with their own body image than amateurs (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pain symptoms were found in almost half of the sample, equally among professionals and amateurs as well as between the three dance styles. Female and singles had more eating disorders. Those with eating disorders had higher levels of pain and anxiety.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the risk of eating disorders among academics in the area of health

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeudi Aguiar dos Reis ◽  
Carlos Reeves Rodrigues Silva Júnior ◽  
Lucinéia de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Eat 26

The object of this study was aimed at identifying factors associated with the risk of eating disorders in undergraduate students in the area of Health Sciences. It is a cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study carried out in Montes Claros, MG (Brazil), from August to October 2012. The profile of the university students was identified and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) applied. 200, students aged 23.4 ± 6.13 years participated in the study, 76.5% of them females. A frequency of 4.0% of the students were at high risk of developing eating disorders, 21.0% at low risk and 75.0% had no risk factors. Various inadequate self-perceptions of the body, dietary practice, missed breakfasts and snacking during intervals were associated with factors for eating disorder risk (p<0.05). For students with inadequate nutritional status, 34.4% were at risk of an eating disorder (p=0,004). The high risk of developing eating disorders among students in a nutritionally deficient condition indicates that they should receive preventive dietary advice.

scholarly journals Eating behavior and body image among psychology students

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lúcia Magalhães Bosi ◽  
Kátia Yumi Uchimura ◽  
Ronir Raggio Luiz
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Group A ◽  
Eat 26

OBJECTIVE: To characterize eating habits and possible risk factors associated with eating disorders among psychology students, a segment at risk for eating disorders. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study. The questionnaires Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and a variety that considers related issues were applied. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 11.0 was utilized in analysis. The study population was composed of 175 female students, with a mean age of 21.2 (DP ± 3.6 years). RESULTS: A positive result was detected on the EAT-26 for 6.9% of the cases (CI95%: 3.6-11.7%). The prevalence of increased symptoms and intense gravity, according to the BITE questionnaire was 5% (CI95%: 2.4-9.5%) and 2.5% (CI95%: 0.7-6.3%), respectively. According to the findings, 26.29% of the students presented abnormal eating behavior. The population with moderate/severe BSQ scores presented dissatisfaction with corporal weight. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that attention must be given to eating behavior risks within this group. A differentiated gaze is justified with respect to these future professionals, whose practice is jeopardized in cases in which they are themselves the bearers of installed symptoms or precursory behavior.

scholarly journals The Association of Body Image With Anthropometric Measures and Eating Disorders Among Students From University Sports Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Nastaran Miri ◽  
Mostafa Noroozi ◽  
Rosa Zavoshy ◽  
Neda Ezzeddin
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
Eat 26

Background and aims: Body image is defined as a complex concept involving a person’s thoughts, feelings, and attitudes about his/her body. The body image dissatisfaction may expose the individuals, specifically athletes, to eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study is to assess the association of body image score with EDs and anthropometric measures in students from university sports teams. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 225 students from sports teams of Qazvin University in 2014. The samples were selected by the census method. The Multidimensional BodySelf Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), eating attitudes test (EAT-26) questionnaire, and demographic information questionnaire were used for collecting data. Anthropometric characteristics were also measured. The data were analyzed in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The result of the study showed that the association of body image score with age (P=0.012, OR=0.80, CI=0.179, 1.437) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (P=0.013, OR=-52.14, CI=-93.20, -11.08) was positively significant. Although the mean body image score was lower in students with EDs, it was not statistically significant. In addition, there was not a significant association between body image score and other variables such as marital status, gender, educational level, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and hip circumference (HC) (P>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the body image had a positive significant association with age, and a negative significant one with WHtR. This may indicate that abdominal obesity plays an important role in body image satisfaction among students from the university sports teams.

scholarly journals The association of obesity with eating disorders risk: online survey of a large cohort of Russian-speaking individuals seeking medical weight correction assistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory V. Rukavishnikov ◽  
Elena V. Verbitskaya ◽  
Olga Yu. Vekovischeva ◽  
Andrey V. Bobrovsky ◽  
Alexander O. Kibitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Control ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Weight Correction

Abstract Background Eating Disorders pose a serious health risk to individuals. Often, eating disorder symptoms are overlooked when assessing obesity risk. The current cross-sectional study was focused on the search of association between disordered eating behaviors evaluated by Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26) and obesity in a large cohort of Russian-speaking adults seeking online assistance with medical weight correction. Methods The web-based cross-sectional study evaluated the data of online Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26) completed by 13,341 registered adult visitors of weight loss clinic website. The EAT-26 provides an overall score for potential eating disorders risk, as well as scores for three subscales: Bulimia, dieting, and oral control. Additional self-reported information about sex, weight, height, and age of respondents was used for analysis. The nonparametric analysis of variance and binominal logistic regression modeling were applied to search for an association between obesity and EAT-26 total score and subscales scores. The critical level of the significance was considered as α = 0.05. Results Women (94%) had lower BMI values but higher EAT-26 total score than men, which was indicated as statistically significant by a Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test (Z = − 11.80, p < 0.0001). Logistic regression for the whole cohort revealed that Bulimia subscale score was associated with higher risk of obesity (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.05) whereas higher score of EAT-26 oral control subscale was associated with decreased risk of obesity (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.95). Separate analysis for men and women showed that in men higher obesity risk was associated with higher oral control subscale scores (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.06–1.11); while in women both dieting and bulimia subscales scores were associated with higher obesity risk (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03 and OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.05, respectively). Older age was associated with obesity risk for both women and men. Conclusions In a large cohort of individuals seeking medical weight correction assistance, the risk of obesity was associated with the higher EAT-26 scores, age, and sex. Moreover, different eating disorder risk profiles were associated with obesity in men and women. Higher oral control subscale score was associated with decreased risk of obesity in women, but with higher risk in men. Older age was a shared obesity risk factor for both sexes. Therefore, the use of EAT-26 would facilitate individual diagnostic assessment for specific eating disorders in different sub-cohorts. Further assessment of separate EAT-26 subscales may be important to predict sex-/age-specific risks of obesity that implies their study in the future. Plain English summary Obesity is a significant health problem. Different factors (e.g. social, biological, and behavioral) are important for their successful treatment. Abnormal eating behaviors may be one of the most likely predictors of increased body weight. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant association between obesity and scores on the eating behavior questionnaire-Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26)-in a large cohort of adults seeking medical weight correction assistance at a private weight loss clinic web-site. According to the study results, the association was shown for the male sex, older age, and higher Bulimia scores as measured on the EAT-26. Moreover, different EAT-26 scales were associated with obesity risks in women and men subgroups, while older age was a shared risk factor for obesity in both sexes. The findings may suggest sex-/age-specific diagnostic approach and treatment strategies for individuals with obesity.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders Risks and Over Intake of Energy and Macronutrients among Girl Students in Mitra Keluarga School of Health Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Alfi Fairuz Asna ◽  
Muh Nur Hasan Syah
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Eat 26

Group of adolescents who have eating behaviour disorders, food intake restrictions, alcohol consumption, drug addiction require special nutritional attention. In 2013 there were 73% of obese teens in Indonesia. This prevalence increases every year. This study aims to determine the risk of eating disorders and their relationship with excessive food intake. This study was cross sectional design with the simple sixe of 97 girls in grade of university level. Risk of eating disorders was determined by using questionnaires Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Intake of nutrient was collected by semi quantitative questionnaires. Data analyszed by Chi-square test using SPSS. The results found that among girls, 5% were at high risk of eating disorder, more than 50% have over intake of energy, protein and fat, and 46,4% have over intake of carbohydrate. There was no relationship between risk of eating disorder and energy and macronutrient intake. However, those who were at high risk of eating disorder have over intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Adolescent girls who were at high risk of eating disorders have higher intake of energy and micronutrients. It is recommended for further research on eating disorders risks, eating behaviour and body image.

scholarly journals Is Mindful Eating Higher in Individuals With Orthorexia Nervosa ?: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Büşra Demirer ◽  
Hülya Yardımcı
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between mindful eating and Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) among adults and contribute to establishing ON diagnostic criteria. Methods In the current cross-sectional study, 105 females, 92 males (aged 19–64 years), were enrolled whose scores on the Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire-15 (ORTO-15) and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and SCOFF scales indicated a prevalence of ON and eating disorder risk. In addition, Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) was applied to participants to determine mindful eating. Results In participants with ON, the scores of emotional eating and conscious eating scores, which are MEQ sub-factors, and the total score of MEQ are higher than those who do not have ON (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between MEQ and ORTO-15 scores (r = -0.269; p < 0.01). In addition, the one-point increase in the ORTO-15 scores of the participants led to 0.094 decrease in MEQ scores (B = -0.094; SE = 0.021; p < 0.001) and 0.175 decrease in EAT-26 scores (B = -0.175; SE = 0.033; p < 0.001). Conclusions The data obtained from our study show that mindful eating of individuals with ON is higher than those who do not have ON and this is important in determining the diagnostic criteria of ON. Level of evidence: V, Cross-sectional descriptive study.

scholarly journals Do Age and Symptoms of Anxiety, Stress and Depression Predict Risk Behaviors for Eating Disorders in Brazilian Men and Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Junior ◽  
Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire ◽  
Mariana Pereira Gonçalves ◽  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
José Fernando Vila Nova de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Eat 26

Abstract ObjectiveThis study investigated the predicting role of age and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress on risk behavior for eating disorders in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA web‐based cross‐sectional survey was administered during the COVID‐19 in Brazil. A total of 715 participants were recruited (237 men and 478 women) with a mean age of 29.20 (10.73) years from all regions of Brazil. The instruments used were the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) and eating attitudes test-26 (EAT-26). Data analysis was conducted through the independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression Analysis (p<.05). ResultsThe data showed significant differences between men and women for anxiety (p<.001), stress (p<.001), depression (p<.001), total DASS score (p<.001) and eating disorders (p<.001), indicating that women presented more symptoms in all variables. Depression, stress and DASS total score were significantly and positively associated with eating disorders (EDs) (r range= .16 to .21) for men and EDs was significantly and negatively associated with all dimensions of DASS and DASS total score (r range -.19 to -.22) for women. Multiple regression showed that DASS total score made the largest positive contribution to eating disorders for men (β= .17, p <.01) and women (β= .22, p <.001). ConclusionOur findings show that symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress predict risk behavior for eating disorders in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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