scholarly journals Optimum Protein Requirement of Juvenile Orange-Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus Coioides)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Yan ◽  
Junjiang Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Dong ◽  
Beiping Tan ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Protein Levels

Abstract The purpose of subject was to explore the optimum protein requirement of juvenile grouper (Epinephelus coioides). In the test, 450 juveniles with an average weight of (10.02 ± 0.22) g were randomly divided into 6 groups, which were repeated 3 times, and were fed with 350 g/kg, 400 g/kg, 450 g/kg, 500 g/kg, 550 g/kg and 600 g/kg iso-lipid test diet twice one day for 8 weeks, respectively. The results showed that: 1) As protein levels rose, the body weight gain rate and specific growth rate first increased and then reduced, while the feed coefficient rate first decreased and then increased, while the protein efficiency significantly decreased. 2) As protein levels rose, the condition factor, hepaticsomatic index and visceralsomatic index significantly reduced. 3) With the raising of protein level, the crude protein content of whole fish and muscle gradually increased, while the crude lipid content gradually decreased. 4) High-protein diet (550-600g/kg) significantly increased the plasma total protein content and decreased the triglyceride content of orange-spotted grouper. 5) Compared with the 350 g/kg group, 500 g/kg, 550 g/kg, 600 g/kg groups significantly increased the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in liver. 6) As protein levels rose, the protease activity of intestine first increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum at the protein level of 500 g/kg, while lipase and amylase decreased significantly. 7) The activities of acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in the liver increased first and then decreased with the increasing of protein level, and reached the maximum in the 400 g/kg protein group. According to the analysis specific growth rate, the optimum protein level of juvenile orange-spotted grouper is 521.84 g/kg.

scholarly journals Optimum protein requirement of juvenile orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Yan ◽  
Junjiang Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Dong ◽  
Beiping Tan ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Crude Lipid

AbstractThe purpose of subject was to explore the optimum protein requirement of juvenile grouper (Epinephelus coioides). In the test, 450 juveniles with an average weight (10.02 ± 0.22) g were randomly divided into six groups with triplicate, and were fed with 350, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 600 g/kg iso-lipid test diet twice 1 day for 8 weeks, respectively. The results showed that: (1) With the increase of protein level, the body weight gain rate and specific growth rate first increased and then reduced, while the feed coefficient rate first decreased and then increased, while the protein efficiency significantly decreased (P < 0.05). (2) With the increase of protein level, the condition factor, hepaticsomatic index and visceralsomatic index significantly reduced (P < 0.05). (3) With the increase of protein level, the crude protein content of whole fish and muscle gradually increased, while the crude lipid content gradually decreased. (4) High-protein diet (550–600 g/kg) significantly increased the plasma total protein content and decreased the triglyceride content of orange-spotted grouper (P < 0.05). (5) Compared with the 350 g/kg group, 500, 550, 600 g/kg groups significantly increased the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in liver (P < 0.05). (6) With the increase of protein level, the protease activity of intestine first increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum at the protein level of 500 g/kg, while lipase and amylase decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (7) The activities of acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in liver increased first and then decreased with the increase of protein level, and reached the maximum in the 400 g/kg protein group. According to the analysis specific growth rate, the optimum protein level of juvenile orange-spotted grouper is 521.84 g/kg.

scholarly journals Growth and hematology of pacu subjected to sustained swimming and fed different protein levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleujosí da Silva Nunes ◽  
Gilberto Moraes ◽  
Fernando Fabrizzi ◽  
Araceli Hackbarth ◽  
Gustavo Alberto Arbeláez-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Design

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of sustained swimming and dietary protein levels on growth and hematological responses of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A completely randomized design was used in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, with three levels of dietary protein (24, 28, and 32% crude protein), two rearing conditions (sustained swimming or motionless water), and 15 replicates. Fish were subjected to sustained swimming at the velocity of two body lengths per second (2 BL s-1), for 45 days. The level of dietary protein and the swimming conditions affected the performance, growth, and hematological profile of pacu. Swimming conditions influenced nutritional factors, increasing daily weight gain, specific growth rate, number of erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. Fish under sustained swimming and fed with 24% crude protein showed better growth performance, with higher specific growth rate (4.11±0.88) and higher daily weight gain (2.19±0.47 g per day). Sustained swimming can increase the productive performance of pacu and simultaneously reduce dietary protein levels.

scholarly journals Utilization of fish waste as fish meal substitute in formulated fish diet on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fish fry (Oreochromis niloticus)

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Anizah M.R. ◽  
S.R. Manaf ◽  
Hilaliyah M.J.N.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish meal is generally expended as the foremost protein supply in the fish diet. The rising cost of this component inflicted the aquaculture industry to seek a substitute in lessening the pellet cost. Thus, fish waste was tested in this study to investigate its viability. An experiment was performed to study the effects of fish waste and carcass on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fry. Solid fish waste of three different common species available in Mukah’s wet market was formulated into an artificial diet. The diet was formulated into three treatments consist of three protein levels (40%, 45% and 50%) with 4000 kcal/kg energy. A controlled group was fed with a commercial pellet consisting of 45% protein level. Fish were fed at 4% of body weight twice daily for 45 days. Fry reared in a controlled group was discovered highest weight gain, specific growth rate and length gain. There was no significant difference in all treatments for all parameters measured. The lowest weight gain and specific growth rate were recorded in fish fed 45% protein level (T2) group. Fish in T3 (50%) achieved the highest survival rate while T1 (40%) group recorded the lowest. The best and lowest Feed Conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the control group. In conclusion, the performance of formulated feed using fish waste is similar to commercial pellet as no significant difference can be observed in all parameters measured.

scholarly journals Growth performance of thai pangus (Pangasius hypophthalmus) in polyculture system using different supplementary feeds

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAB Sayeed ◽  
GS Hossain ◽  
SK Mistry ◽  
KA Huq
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Feed Protein

Thai pangus polyculture with carps has been increasing for its high potential, however very few attempts were made to compare its growth using different types of feed. A research was undertaken to assess the effect of three types of feed on growth of Thai pangus (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and rohu (Labeo rohita) in polyculture system for 11 months from 15 May 2005 to 15 April 2006 in Khulna. Growth performance using Hand-made Feed (F1) was compared with two commercial fish feed, Sunney Feed (F2) and Saudi-Bangla Feed (F3) in three respective treatments of T1, T2 and T3. All treatments were carried out in triplicate at 24700/ha for Thai pangus and 4940/ha for rohu. Average initial weight of Thai pangus and rohu were 4.5 and 33.5g respectively. Growth performance was influenced by feed type. Average final weight of Thai pangus and rohu were 820 and 710; 846 and 770; and 872 and 717g with specific growth rate 1.58 and 0.93; 1.59 and 0.95 and 1.60 and 0.93 % day -1 in T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Feed conversion ratio was estimated 2.3 in T1, 2.1 in T2 and 1.96 in T3. The result showed a typical increasing trend of final weight and specific growth rate of Thai pangus along with the increasing of feed protein level. But rohu showed highest growth in T2 where protein level was 26-30% which was lower than that of T3 (Protein level 28-32%). The study suggests that suitable protein level and quality feed is required for adequate growth of fish. Key words: Feed, Thai pangus, Polyculture, Growth.     doi:10.3329/ujzru.v27i0.1956 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 59-62

scholarly journals COMPENSATORY GROWTH OF Oreochromis niloticus SELECTED STRAIN FROM BOGOR, WEST JAVA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso ◽  
Kurniawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Effective Strategies

Inefficient feed management strategy in aquaculture will increase the fish production cost. One of the most effective strategies to solve this problem is through a better understanding of the compensatory growth of cultured fish. O. niloticus BEST tilapia strain (total length: 7.23 ± 0.11 cm mean ± SD; Body weight: 7.04 ± 0.08 g mean ± SD) were reared in aquariums at 26.3 ± 1.4oC for 10 weeks. During the experiment, the control group was fed twice a day. The other two groups were deprived of food for one and two weeks and then fed twice a day during refeeding period. At the end of the experiment, the fish deprived for one week had a body weight, biomass and specific growth rate that were not significantly different from the control group. The body weight, biomass and specific growth rate of fish deprived for two weeks were significantly lower than the other groups. This study revealed that concentrations of ash and lower concentrations of protein and lipid on the deprived groups were higher compared to those without feed deprivation. Mortality of fish was lower than 9% and not significantly different among the treatments. Fish aggressive behavior was the main reason for injuries and death. Given the results, BEST tilapia strain was only able to reach complete growth compensation not longer than one week deprivation period. The results of the present study could be applied as basic information for further research on feeding management of BEST tilapia strain. 

Long-term effects of two sizes of surgically implanted acoustic transmitters on a predatory marine fish (Pomatomus saltatrix)

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva B. Thorstad ◽  
Sven E. Kerwath ◽  
Colin G. Attwood ◽  
Finn Økland ◽  
Christopher G. Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Behaviour ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pomatomus Saltatrix ◽  
Tag Retention

Fish telemetry is increasingly used to study fish behaviour in marine systems and it is crucial that the tagging does not affect fish behaviour and welfare negatively. Hence, the long-term effects of surgically implanted acoustic telemetry transmitters on survival, tag retention, healing and growth on Pomatomus saltatrix (known as tailor in Australia, elf in South Africa and bluefish in North America) were studied over 144 days. P. saltatrix are well suited for transmitter implants because no tagging-related short- or long-term mortality or transmitter expulsion was recorded. Small transmitters (9 × 28 mm, 3.3 g in water) did not affect the specific growth rate of tagged fish compared with an untagged control group. In contrast, the fish tagged with large transmitters (13 × 50 mm, 6.9 g in water) had a reduced specific growth rate. The small, but not the large transmitter, seemed suitable for tagging P. saltatrix of the body sizes represented in this study (215–621 g). The specific growth rate was negatively affected by increasing the transmitter-mass-in-water to body-mass ratio. It is recommended that this ratio should not exceed 1.4%.

scholarly journals Effects of supplemented diets on the growth performance and nutrient contents of gulsha tengra, Mystus cavasius

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Md Farukul Islam ◽  
Nahid Sultana ◽  
Badhan Saha
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Commercial Feed

To evaluate the effects of two diets on the growth performance and nutrient contents of gulsha, Mystus cavasius was conducted. Growth performance of gulsha was found maximum in rice bran and spirulina feed (treatment T1) and the lowest was observed in commercial feed (treatment T2). Specific growth rate of gulsha was higher in treatment T1 than treatment T2. Treatment T1 had the best proximate composition (moisture 77.28%, ash 3.45%, lipid 4.31% and protein content 15.05%) and nutrient contents (calcium 115.6 mg/100g, phosphorous 166.7 mg/100g, potassium 207.23 mg/100g, magnesium 25.97 mg/100g, iron 1.85 mg/100g and manganese 0.23mg/100g). Therefore, it was found to be better option to produce healthy fish for human consumption.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(1): 61-71, 2017

scholarly journals Body composition, growth performance and enzyme activities of Labeo rohita fed different commercial fish feeds

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Abbas ◽  
Asia Iqbal ◽  
K. M. Anjum ◽  
S. Sherzada ◽  
U. Atique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Feeds

Abstract We have evaluated the effects of different fish feeds on the body composition, growth, and enzyme activities of Labeo rohita (Rohu). In total, 240 fishes between the average weights of 24.77±2.15g were studied. The treatments were applied in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments of 60 fishes each. Treatments consisted of four different fish feeds [Oryza (T1), AMG (T2), Aqua (T3), and Supreme (T4)]. Body composition, growth performance, and enzyme activities were evaluated. There was a significant variation in performance of fishes fed with different type of feed; as fishes having Oryza feed showed the highest weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and best feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to other groups that were considered to be significant (P ≤ 0.05). High net weight gain was obtained in T4 when compared with T2 and T3. FCR value of T4 was less than T1 but higher than T2, T3 and T2, which showed the lowest values. The specific growth rate was recorded as average in T4, but T2 led a high SGR than T3. Similarly, crude protein level and digestive enzymes activity was recorded significantly highest in fed with Oryza (T1) as compared to AMG (T2), Aqua (T3), and Supreme (T4). Water quality parameters were recorded significant in all treatments except pH and DO of treatment (T1), significantly different from other treatments. It was concluded that Rohu (Labeo rohita) could show a promising growth rate and protease enzyme activity when fed with the Oryza feed of 25% protein.

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