scholarly journals Influence of Water Supply Conditions and Water Storage Containers on Aedes Mosquito Abundance in Makassar City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan La Ane ◽  
Von Ralph Dane M. Herbuela ◽  
Isra Wahid ◽  
Andi Susilawaty ◽  
Hasanuddin Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Storage Containers

Abstract Background: High water demand accompanied with an unreliable piped water supply has forced urban residents to store water in containers. This situation potentially increases the number of breeding sites for mosquito vectors, such as Aedes. Method: This study aimed to test the hypothesis if piped water connection availability, tap water use, and highly stable tap water supply can help minimize the use of water storage containers as well as the presence of larvae and number of adult Aedes mosquitoes. We conducted a community-based entomological survey of 343 households from 36 neighborhoods or Rukun Tetangga in Makassar City, Indonesia. Our model based on the hypothesis was tested by piecewise structural equation modeling analysis. Results: A significant negative correlation was found between the stability of tap water supply and the number of water storage containers (−0.16, P < 0.05). Of the two categories of water storage containers, the unintentional water storage containers demonstrated a significantly (P < 0.001) higher effect on larval prevalence than the intentional one. Further, both container categories have significant indirect effects on the number of adult mosquitoes mediated by larval presence. Conclusion: Improving water supply condition, particularly by assuring a stable tap water supply, could minimize the use of intentional water storage containers. Furthermore, a regular community-wide health education program that targets the elimination of unintentional water storage containers, which can be breeding grounds for Aedes larvae mosquitoes, is necessary.

Structural equation modeling for assessing of the sustainability of rural water supply systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Masduqi ◽  
N. Endah ◽  
E. S. Soedjono ◽  
W. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Supply Systems

As one of the basic human needs, water services should be sustainable. Researches related to the sustainability of water services have been conducted in several developing countries. However, there are no identical researches in Indonesia. This paper discusses the analysis of factors that contribute to sustainability of rural water supply systems in East Java, Indonesia. Data is collected by observing rural water supply facilities, interviewing water committees and water users, and taking documentation. The data is used to build a model, which was developed from theoretical or conceptual model. The model's development uses structural equation modeling (SEM). This model can show the factors that contribute to sustainability of rural water supply systems. The sustainability is influenced significantly by nine variables; they are selection of technology, water sources, investment cost, capability of operator, availability of spare parts, operation cost, technical operation, community participation, and institutional management.

scholarly journals The Effect of Environmental Values on German Primary School Students’ Knowledge on Water Supply

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 702
Author(s):  
Jennifer Schneiderhan-Opel ◽  
Franz X. Bogner
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
School Students

Permanent access to safe drinking water is guaranteed in most industrialized countries, while climate change is turning it into a serious global issue. Knowing how to use the valuable resource water consciously and sustainably requires well-informed and ecologically aware citizens. Environmental education approaches should help develop long-term environmental knowledge, pro-environmental attitudes, and behavior with the overall goal of promoting environmental citizenship. The present study, thus, examines the influence of environmental values on students’ environmental knowledge in a German primary school sample (9–10-year-old students) by providing an authentic, out-of-school learning experience on the topic of fresh water supply. Our approach goes beyond mere correlation analyses by using structural equation modeling (SEM) to measure effects between the two variables. Environmental values were monitored using the Two Major Environmental Values Model (2-MEV) with its two dimensions, Preservation and Utilization of nature. Following a quasi-experimental design, we assessed the learners’ knowledge before (T0), directly after (T1), and six weeks after (T2) module participation. Confirmatory factor analysis verified the two-factor-structure of the 2-MEV. Preservation turned out as a direct positive predictor of pre-knowledge (T0) but did not show any significant effect on post-knowledge (T1) and knowledge retention (T2). Utilization displayed a larger albeit negative direct effect on knowledge across all testing times, especially for pre- and post-knowledge. Our findings shed light on the significant impact of anthropocentric attitudes on knowledge acquisition within primary school samples and provided valuable insights into feasible environmental learning approaches.

The Influence of Organizational Culture on Resilience by Mediatory Effects of Occupational Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout in Nurses: Structural Equation ModelingModeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Allah Aghaei ◽  
Zahra sadat Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden

Background: Organizational culture is the most essential tool of an organization to increase the resilience of personnel in a healthcare system. Promoting organizational culture is an effective factor in increasing job satisfaction and reducing psychological burden, and burnout in nurses. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the influence of organizational culture on resilience by mediatory effects of occupational stress, job satisfaction, and burnout in nurses using structural equation modeling. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 712 nurses working in seven hospitals in Tehran during the 2018 - 2019. The participants were selected by thee stratified random sampling method with proportional allocation. In detail, after determining the number of samples of each hospital, sampling was performed using a random number sequence. The data gathering was performed by using questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS, version 23.0, and LISREL, version 8.8. Results: We found a significant positive correlation between organizational culture and job satisfaction (r = 0.29) and resilience (r = 0.21) (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between organizational culture and occupational stress (r = -0.22), and burnout (r= -0.14) (P < 0.05). The goodness of fit index (GFI) for organizational culture, occupational stress, job satisfaction, burnout, and resilience was 0.97, 0.97, 0.98, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively. RMSEA index for organizational culture, job satisfaction, burnout, and resilience was 0.069, 0.093, 0.057, and 0.050, respectively, which showed that the model is appropriately fit. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicated that promoting organizational culture and reducing occupational stress and burnout can improve job satisfaction and mental health in nurses.

Public Perception of the Main Constraints of Water Supply Shortage and the Availability of Water Supply Resources in Libya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1857
Author(s):  
Jouda R. Jouda HAMAD ◽  
Omar Omar ◽  
Wan Zuhairi W. YAAKOB ◽  
Abdelnaser OMRAN
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Water Supply Management

Water is a key driver of economic and social development. It also has a basic function in maintaining the integrity of the natural environment. Bearing in mind that water is only one of a number of vital natural resources, it is imperative that water issues are not considered in isolation. Both public and private sector managers, have to make appropriate decisions on water allocation. Water shortage, which can extensively be comprehended as the absence of access to sufficient amounts of water for human and environmental uses. This study aims at investigating the technical, financial, environmental and social constraints that affect water supply shortages in the study area. The results and findings were based on the 359 survey questionnaires that were collected and analysed using Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) Software version 16.0. Statistical analysis showed that all the Environmental, Technical and Financial research items were at the high and very high levels of acceptance and only all cultural research items were at a high level of acceptance. The empirical results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate that the water supply management model fit indicates that the factors of this work are convenient and reasonably contribute to the performance of the water supply management model in the study area. This study has a number of recommendations for achieving sustainable water management and solving water shortage problems within the Libyan cities, such as Al Marj.

scholarly journals Household-level drinking water quality, access, and management practices within an informal community: a case study at Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Remigio ◽  
Renata S. Rabello ◽  
Garazi Zulaika ◽  
Marilia S. Carvalho ◽  
Paulo R. G. Barrocas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
At Home

Abstract Inter-household patterns in drinking water access, consumption, perception, and quality among residents can vary in Rio das Pedras (RdP), a large favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. While unreliable water quality can influence residents to diversify their drinking water supply, household drinking water management practices are not generally known for this community. Household surveys, and indoor tap, piped water before entering the home, filtered, or bottled dispenser water samples were collected. Respondents reported storing water (91%) and near-daily access to piped water (78%). A majority of households reported cleaning water storage tanks at least once every 6 months. Also, residents rely on bottled water and a considerable proportion supplemented their water supply with at-home filtered water. The quality and safety of these sources are not necessarily superior to indoor tap water, especially under conditions of appropriate water storage tank cleaning. Higher prevalence of total coliform detections was found in indoor tap, filtered, and bottled water. Household characteristics such as home ownership, residence type, and residence time exhibited a positive association with improved tank cleaning. Community health practitioners could evaluate practices in water storage, at-home filtration maintenance, and bottled water dispenser systems using household characteristics to promote protective actions.

scholarly journals Using structural equation modelling to untangle sanitation, water and hygiene pathways for intervention improvements in height-for-age in children <5 years old

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1992-2000
Author(s):  
Heather Reese ◽  
Sheela S Sinharoy ◽  
Thomas Clasen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Pathway Effect ◽  
Height For Age

Abstract Background Despite a strong theoretical rationale for combining water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) interventions to improve child health, study findings are heterogeneous with little understanding of the mechanisms for these effects. Our study objective was to demonstrate the utility of structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess intervention effects on height-for-age z score (HAZ) through the complex system of WaSH pathways. Methods We used data from a matched cohort effectiveness evaluation of a combined on-premise piped water and improved sanitation intervention in rural Odisha, India. Height/length was measured in children 0–59 months old (n = 1826) from 90 matched villages in February–June 2016. WaSH behaviours and infrastructure were assessed through household surveys and observation, respectively. We used SEM to calculate the standardized path coefficients and the total contributions of WaSH pathways to HAZ. Results Intervention improvements on HAZ were through the sanitation pathway (coverage → use β: 0.722; use → HAZ β: 0.116), with piped water coverage indirectly affecting HAZ through improved sanitation use (β: 0.148). Although the intervention had a positive association with handwashing station coverage, there was no evidence of a total hygiene pathway effect on HAZ or further direct effects through the water pathways. Conclusions This study demonstrates the utility of SEM to assess the mechanisms through which combined WaSH interventions impact HAZ as a system of pathways, providing a more nuanced assessment than estimation of the total intervention effect. Our finding, that water impacts HAZ through the sanitation pathway, is an important and actionable insight for WaSH programming.

scholarly journals Current Effects of Cyanobacteria Toxin in Water Sources and Containers in the Hartbeespoort Dam Area, South Africa.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4468
Author(s):  
Mokoena ◽  
Mukhola
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Acceptable Limit ◽  
Community Water ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Storage Containers

The study investigated the effects of cyanobacteria toxins such as microcystins in water sources and water stored in containers during its blooming and decaying seasons. Samples from water sources and containers near the Hartbeespoort Dam in South Africa were analysed using a microcystin ELIZA test kit. Microcystins were present in water sources used by the community, with an average of 4.3 μg/L in communal tap water and 4.8 μg/L in the water stored in tanks. The concentration of microcystins was lower in groundwater in the decaying season (0.38 μg/L) than in the blooming season (1.4 μg/L). Although microcystins were present in the storage containers, the average levels in all water samples were below the acceptable limit of 1 μg/L. The present study confirmed the presence of microcystins in the water storage containers. Therefore, it is suggested that water used for drinking from community water sources should be treated before storage to eliminate microcystins.

scholarly journals Instalasi Perpipaan Air Bersih Masjid Al-Ikhwan Rancagong Legok Tangerang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yenni Arnas ◽  
Muh Wildan ◽  
KGS Ismail ◽  
Zulina Kurniawati ◽  
Benny Kurnianto
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Public Facilities

Water is essential for life, but not all people can access tap water. In fact, many people use ground water, which is not measured its purity, to supply household, places of worship, public facilities, private offices, government offices, and etc. This problem was also observed on Al-Ikhwan Mosque building Jl. Masjid RT 01 RW 08 Rancagong Village, Legok District, Tangerang Regency, Banten Province. In addition, in this place the water installation was not available. Therefore, it was feasible to carry out community service activities in that location regarding to clean water supply and installation. The method of this project were (1) drilling to make wells as clean water supply, (2) Calculating the need for clean water as the basis in determining the capacity and the type of water pump, (3) building water storage (equipped with a floating sensor as a control media turn the pump on or off automatically), and (4) piping to support distribution system of clean water from well to tap. This method was expected to meet Indonesian National Standard of clean water installation system. This project was supported by lecturers / instructors as their responsibility to practice Tridharma of higher education. Cadets/students was also involved in this project so they can demonstrate their knowledge about standard of building facilities in society.

A Psychometric Study of the Quality Perception Questionnaire

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Cioffi† ◽  
Anna Coluccia ◽  
Fabio Ferretti ◽  
Francesca Lorini ◽  
Aristide Saggino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Quality Perception ◽  
Italian Survey ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Hospital Structures

The present paper reexamines the psychometric properties of the Quality Perception Questionnaire (QPQ), an Italian survey instrument measuring patients’ perceptions of the quality of a recent hospital admission experience, in a sample of 4400 patients (Mage = 56.42 years; SD = 19.71 years, 48.8% females). The 14-item survey measures four factors: satisfaction with medical doctors, nursing staff, auxiliary staff, and hospital structures. First, we tested two models using a confirmatory factor analysis (structural equation modeling): a four orthogonal factor and a four oblique factor model. The SEM fit indices and the χ² difference suggested the acceptance of the second model. We then did a simulation using a bootstrap with 1000 replications. Results confirmed the four oblique factor solution. Third, we tested whether there were significant differences with respect to age or sex. The multivariate general linear model showed no significant differences in the factors with respect to sex or age.

Suicide Risk Among College Student

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shadick ◽  
Faedra Backus Dagirmanjian ◽  
Baptiste Barbot
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Students Of Color ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
First Year College ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
First Year College Students

Abstract. Background: Research on young adults in the general population has identified a relationship between sexual minority identification and risk for suicide. Differential rates of suicidal ideation and attempts have also been found across racial and ethnic groups. Aims: This study examined risk for suicide among university students, based on membership in one or more marginalized groups (sexual minority and racial minority identification). Method: Data were collected from first-year college students (N = 4,345) at an urban university. Structural equation modeling was employed to model a suicidality construct, based on which a "risk for suicide" category system was derived. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were then conducted to estimate the relationship between the background variables of interest and suicide risk. Results: Students who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) were associated with higher suicide risk than their heterosexual peers. Students of color were slightly less at risk than their heterosexual peers. However, LGB students of color were associated with elevated suicide risk relative to heterosexual peers. Conclusion: Results indicate that belonging to multiple marginalized groups may increase one's risk for suicide, though these effects are not simply additive. Findings highlight the complexity of the intersection between marginalized identities and suicidality.

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