scholarly journals Effect of Atorvastatin on Serum Levels of Periostin in Asthma - A Placebo Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrad Mehrabi ◽  
Jalal Torkan ◽  
Massood Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

Abstract Background: Asthma is a common pulmonary disease with a high morbidity rate. Considering the role of inflammation in the disease induction and severity, and the anti–inflammatory effect of atorvastatin, we aimed to investigate the effect of atorvastatin on serum level of periostin and eosinophil in patients with asthma, in order to introduce the usefulness of this drug on reducing the inflammation in patients with asthma.Methods: In a blinded randomized control trial, 80 patients with definite diagnosis of asthma were enrolled into the intervention or placebo group, who received 40 mg/day atorvastatin and similar placebo every day for 8 weeks. Spirometric measurements were performed and asthma control test was completed by the patients at baseline, after 4 weeks, and at the end of study (after 8 weeks). The primary outcomes of the study were serum eosinophil count and periostin levels. Results: 40 patients were analyzed in each group and their data were analyzed. Mean asthma control scores in the intervention and placebo groups were similar at baseline (17.95±3.75 vs. 17.98±3.77; P>0.05) and improved in the intervention group (19.88±3.28; P<0.001), but remained unchanged in the placebo group (18.6±3.26; P=0.09). Neither the spirometric changes, nor the serum levels of eosinophil count and periostin were significantly different between the groups (P>0.05).Conclusions: Although the intervention group had improved asthma control score after the intervention, this effect could be because of the indirect effect of atorvastatin, as the spirometric measurements and inflammatory markers did not change significantly and were not different between the placebo and intervention groups. Further studies with longer follow-ups may show changes in spirometric parameters by atorvastatin or its effect on other inflammatory markers.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on serum periostin and blood eosinophils in asthma – a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052110637
Author(s):  
Samrad Mehrabi ◽  
Jalal Torkan ◽  
Massood Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Act Scores ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Blood Eosinophil Count ◽  
Serum Periostin

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on serum periostin level and blood eosinophil count in patients with asthma. Methods Patients diagnosed with asthma were enrolled and randomised into an intervention or placebo group, to receive 40 mg atorvastatin or similar placebo, daily, for 8 weeks. Spirometry was performed at baseline, and at the end of weeks 4 and 8; patients also provided blood samples and completed an asthma control test (ACT) at baseline and at the end of week 8. Primary study outcomes were blood eosinophil count and serum periostin levels. Results Eighty patients completed the study (40 per group). Mean ACT scores were similar between the intervention and placebo groups at baseline (17.95 ± 3.75 versus 17.98 ± 3.77, respectively), and improved in the intervention group (19.88 ± 3.28), but remained unchanged in the placebo group (18.6 ± 3.26) during the treatment period. No statistically significant differences in spirometric changes, blood eosinophil count or serum periostin levels were observed between the groups during the treatment period. Conclusion Spirometric parameters and inflammatory markers did not change significantly in response to atorvastatin treatment, and did not differ between the placebo and intervention groups.

scholarly journals Surveillance of influenza A H1N1 2009 among school children during 2009 and 2010 in São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Baltazar Guatura ◽  
Aripuana Sakurada Aranha Watanabe ◽  
Clarice Neves Camargo ◽  
Ana Maria Passos ◽  
Sheila Negrini Parmezan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
High Morbidity Rate ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

INTRODUCTION: Influenza A H1N1 2009 is associated with a high morbidity rate among children around the world, including Brazil. This survey was conducted on samples of symptomatic children (< 12 years) to investigate the influenza virus as the etiological agent of respiratory infections in a day care school in a health facility during the first and second pandemic wave of H1N1 (2009-2010) in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Influenza infections were determined by real-time PCR in 34% (47/137) of children with a median age of 5 years (8 months - 12 years), from June to October 2009 and in 16% (14/85) of those with median age of 6 years (1-12 years), from March to November 2010. RESULTS: In general, most positive cases (64%) occurred in children aged 5-12 years, this age group was significantly the most affected (39.8%, p = 0.001, OR = 8.3, CI 95% 1.9-36.9). Wheezing was reported by 31% (19/61) and dyspnea by 23% (14/61) of the studied patients. An outbreak of influenza H1N1 with an attack rate of 35.7% among children (median age 6 years) was documented in April 2010, before the vaccination campaign against the pandemic virus was extended for children up to 5 years in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the study reinforces the recommendation to immunize school children to reduce the incidence of the disease.

scholarly journals Unsafe abortion among secondary school girls in a local authority in South-South Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3547
Author(s):  
Matthias G. Abah ◽  
Emem E. Bassey ◽  
Emmanuel B. Edu ◽  
Okupa D. Ovie
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Dilation And Curettage ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

Background: Voluntary abortion for social reasons is illegal in Nigeria; however, the practice remains mostly clandestine and unsafe with varying consequences and determinants yet to be studied in all settings.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence, practice and determinants of termination of pregnancy amongst 119 female Secondary School students in South-South Nigeria.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 57.1%. Most of the students were above 18years (58.8%), Christian (95.8%) and of rural residence (66.4%). While 58.8% had experienced an unwanted pregnancy, 61.4% had used some form of contraceptive with condom being the commonest (39.5%). Most (89.1%) have heard of abortions while 67.6% and 16.2% have had abortions once and twice respectively with the top reasons for abortion being that they were still in school (33.8%), too young (25.9%) and to avoid shame or stigma associated with the pregnancy (11.7%). Dilation and curettage was the predominant method employed (40.2%) mainly by medical doctors (34.1% and pharmacists (35.6%) while 51 (75%) had post-abortal complaints such as pain (41.2%) and bleeding (21.6%). There was a significant association between having an abortion and place of residence (rural more than urban), (p=0.04), being pregnant more than once (p<0.001), mothers` level of education (p=0.03), fathers` level of education (p=0.02) and mothers occupation (p=0.04).Conclusions: The prevalence of abortion is high and complicated by high morbidity rate despite a higher contraceptive prevalence rate whose major determinants were the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents. There is a need for early sex education from parents as this can influence abortion perception and practice in later years.

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibodies in Multiple Sclerosis: Present and Future

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Voge ◽  
Enrique Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
High Morbidity Rate ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Risk Ratios

The global incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) appears to be increasing. Although it may not be associated with a high mortality rate, this disease has a high morbidity rate which affects the quality of life of patients and reduces their ability to do their activities of daily living. Thankfully, the development of novel disease modifying therapies continues to increase. Monoclonal antibodies (MABs) have become a mainstay of MS treatment and they are likely to continue to be developed for the treatment of this disease. Specifically, MABs have proven to be some of the most efficacious treatments at reducing relapses and the inflammation in MS patients, including the first treatment for primary progressive MS and are being explored as reparative/remyelinating agents as well. These relatively new treatments will be reviewed here to help evaluate their efficacy, adverse events, immunogenicity, and benefit-risk ratios in the treatment of the diverse spectrum of MS. The focus will be on MABs that are currently approved or may be approved in the near future.

scholarly journals The Population Pharmacokinetics of Rifampicin in Japanese Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

Drug Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (05) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Takahiro Nishimura ◽  
Haruichi Kohno ◽  
Hideaki Nagai ◽  
Daisuke Maruoka ◽  
Yuichi Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Nonlinear Mixed Effects Model ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

AbstractIn Japan, tuberculosis has been recognized as one of the major infections requiring urgent measures because of its high morbidity rate even now especially in elderly people suffering from tuberculosis during the past epidemic and its reactivation. Hence, many Japanese clinicians have made efforts to suppress the onset of tuberculosis and treat it effectively. The objectives of this study are to (1) identify covariate(s) that may explain the variation of rifampicin, which is the key antitubercular agent, under the steady-state by evaluating its population pharmacokinetics and (2) to propose an appropriate dosing method of rifampicin to Japanese patients. For this purpose, serum concentration–time data were obtained from 138 patients receiving rifampicin (300–450 mg) and isoniazid (300–400 mg) every day over 14 days, and analyzed using nonlinear mixed effects model. Thereby, population pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated followed by elucidating relations between the parameters and statistical factors. The analysis adopted one-compartment model including Lag-time by assuming that the absorption process is 0+1st order. The analyses demonstrate that meal affected the bioavailability, primary absorption rate constant, and zero order absorption time in the constructed model. A body weight calculated from the power model was selected as the covariate by the Stepwise Covariate Model method and found to highly affect the clearance in the range from −31.6% to 47.4%. We conclude that the dose in Japanese tuberculous patients can be well estimated by the power model formula and should be taken into consideration when rifampicin is administered.

scholarly journals Yoga Education Program for Reducing Drug Dependency and Promoting Better Asthma Control for Chronic Asthmatic Children: A Multicity Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1983745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samta Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Act Scores ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Drug Dependency ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Standard Family ◽  
Family Setups

This article reports a 1-year long yoga education program (YEP) experiment aimed at reducing drug dependency and promoting better asthma control for chronic asthmatic children. Participants were 450 chronic asthmatic children across 4 cities. Two measures were used: Pediatric Asthma Diary (PAD) and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Results indicated that intervention group children had better asthma control in terms of lower average PAD scores and higher C-ACT scores and reduced drug intake vis-à-vis the control group. Within the intervention cohort, asthma symptoms persistence was lower and control was higher for children from Asian cities, boys, Hindus, middle-class children, those whose mothers were their primary caregivers, who lived in standard family setups, who also attended the optional YEP rounds, and regularly self-practiced. The strongest predictor of lower posttest PAD scores and higher C-ACT scores was self-practice. The YEP can be used as an effective complementary treatment for chronic asthmatic children.

High morbidity rate after converted laparoscopic colorectal surgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slim ◽  
D. Pezet ◽  
Y. Riff ◽  
E. Clark ◽  
J. Chipponi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

scholarly journals The impact of using a mobile application to improve asthma patients’ adherence to medication in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 146045822110429
Author(s):  
Mohammad K Al-Nawayseh ◽  
Montaha AL-Iede ◽  
Eman Elayeh ◽  
Rima Hijazeen ◽  
Khaled Al Oweidat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Act Score ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of using a developed asthma mobile application to enhance medication adherence in Jordan. Asthma patients visiting outpatient respiratory clinics and using inhalers were recruited. Patients were assigned into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group was instructed to download and use the application. Asthma control was assessed using Asthma Control Test (ACT) at baseline and at follow-up of 3 months for both groups. A total of 171 patients (control, n = 83, and intervention, n = 88) participated in the study. After 3 months of usage, patients in the intervention group achieved a significant improvement in ACT score compared to control ( p-value <0.05), and reported a significant satisfaction of the application use. Therefore, the asthma mobile application is found as an effective tool to enhance medication adherence in asthma patients.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Heart Decrease In Hypertension Patients With Karotis Artery Massage

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Asnidar ◽  
Tenriwati
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Heart Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

Hypertension is a disease that causes a high morbidity rate. The purpose of this study was to analyze the decrease in heart rate of hypertensive patients before and after doing massage on the carotid artery at the Bontobangun Public Health Center. design with population and sample that is all hypertension patients in Public Health Center of Bonto Public Health Center as many as 30 people. The sampling technique used was accidentaly sampling. The results of this study were in the pre-test there were 17 people (56.7%) who were in the category of moderate heart rate, 13 people (43.3%) high heart rate, in the post-test there were 25 people (83.3%) who had moderate heart rate , and 5 people (16.7%) had high heart rates. The conclusion of this study is that there is a decrease in heart rate of hypertension patients after carotid artery massage in public polyclinic public clinics at Bonto Wake with a value of p = 0.008 <α = 0.05. suggestions from this study are so that the results of this study can add a reference regarding carotid artery massage to decrease heart rate in patients with hypertension in the general poly bontobangun puskesmas.

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