Prevalence of Complications in Eyes With Nanophthalmos or Microphthalmos: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract IntroductionMicrophthalmos and nanophthalmos are uncommon ocular conditions, whereby affected eyes have smaller dimensions compared to the normal population. Microphthalmos and nanophthalmos present several challenges to ophthalmologists; They have spontaneous and post-operative sequelae such as high hyperopia, angle-closure glaucoma, uveal effusion syndrome, and retinal detachment.This systematic review and meta-analysis intends to assess the prevalence of both the spontaneous complications associated with nanophthalmos and microphthalmos, as well as the post-surgical complications associated with nanophthalmos or microphthalmos. Methods and analysisArticles will be searched for, on four online databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers will identify the studies according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data will be extracted and assessed for the risk of bias in each article. The data will then be pooled to determine the prevalence of complications among patients with microphthalmos and nanophthalmos. If any preventative measures are associated with lower risks of developing complications, these will be expressed as odds ratios.DiscussionAlthough nanophthalmos is an uncommon condition that affects the eye, its management and complications can be sight-threatening. Thus, it is important to counsel parents and patients correctly upon diagnosis and prior to any surgical intervention. This can only be done if the overall prevalence of complications is known.RegistrationThis systematic review has been submitted to PROSPERO for registration.

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Astrocyte Biomarkers in Alzheimer Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000012109 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012109

Author(s):

Bruna Bellaver ◽

João Pedro Ferrari-Souza ◽

Lucas Uglione da Ros ◽

Stephen F Carter ◽

Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Significant Progress ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Mao B ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Registration Number ◽

Mean Differences

Objective:To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether fluid and imaging astrocyte biomarkers are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for articles reporting fluid or imaging astrocyte biomarkers in AD. Pooled effect sizes were determined with mean differences (SMD) using the Hedge’s G method with random-effects to determine biomarker performance. Adapted questions from QUADAS-2 were applied for quality assessment. A protocol for this study has been previously registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020192304).Results:The initial search identified 1,425 articles. After exclusion criteria were applied, 33 articles (a total of 3,204 individuals) measuring levels of GFAP, S100B, YKL-40 and AQP4 in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as MAO-B, indexed by positron emission tomography 11C-deuterium-L-deprenyl ([11C]-DED), were included. GFAP (SMD = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.71-1.18) and YKL-40 (SMD = 0.76; CI 95% = 0.63-0.89) levels in the CSF, S100B levels in the blood (SMD = 2.91; CI 95% = 1.01-4.8) were found significantly increased in AD patients.Conclusions:Despite significant progress, applications of astrocyte biomarkers in AD remain in their early days. The meta-analysis demonstrated that astrocyte biomarkers are consistently altered in AD and supports further investigation for their inclusion in the AD clinical research framework for observational and interventional studies.

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Exclusion criteria and adverse events in perioperative trials of tranexamic acid: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Transfusion ◽

10.1111/trf.15030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 806-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jeffrey Yates ◽

Iris Perelman ◽

Simonne Khair ◽

Joshua Taylor ◽

Jacinthe Lampron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Tranexamic Acid ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Exclusion Criteria

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Association between smoking and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/2050312117745223 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 205031211774522 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Arash Akhavan Rezayat ◽

Malihe Dadgar Moghadam ◽

Mohammad Ghasemi Nour ◽

Matin Shirazinia ◽

Hamidreza Ghodsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background/aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Some risk factors are known to influence the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but the effect of tobacco smoking on the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is controversial. The main goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the association between smoking and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Method: Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science) were searched to find published articles on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and smoking until December 2016. All relevant studies were screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria and compatible studies were chosen. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of eligible articles. Subsequently, information was gathered based on the following: author, publication year, keywords, country, inclusion and exclusion criteria, main results, study design, conclusion, and confounder variables (age, body mass index, gender, ethnicity, and diabetes). Finally, analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. Results: Data were extracted from 20 observational studies (9 cross-sectional, 6 case-control, 4 cohort studies, and 1 retrospective cohort study). A significant association was observed between smoking and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with a pooled odds ratio of 1.110 (95% confidence interval, 1.028–1.199), p-value = 0.008. The statistical heterogeneity was medium with an I2 of 40.012%, p-heterogeneity = 0.074. Also there was a significant relation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and passive smoking with a pooled odds ratio of 1.380 (95% confidence interval, 1.199–1.588; p-value = 0.001; I2 = 59.41; p-heterogeneity = 0.117). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that smoking is significantly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Further prospective studies exploring the underlying mechanisms of this association should be pursued. Also passive smoking increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease about 1.38-fold. The effects of smoking cigarettes on active smokers (current smoker, former smoker, and total smoker) are less than passive smokers. Further studies are needed to compare the of effects of passive and active smoking on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Relative Effectiveness of Cell-Cultured versus Egg-Based Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Influenza-Related Outcomes in Subjects 18 Years Old or Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.20944/preprints202111.0132.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joan Puig-Barberà ◽

Sonia Tamames-Gómez ◽

Pedro Plans-Rubio ◽

José María Eirós-Bouza

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Influenza Season ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Relative Effectiveness ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Influenza Vaccines ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Seed Cell

Avian mutations in vaccine strains obtained from embryonated eggs could impair vaccine effec-tiveness. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the adjusted relative vaccine effectiveness (arVE) of seed cell-cultured influenza vaccines (ccIV) compared to egg-based influ-enza vaccines (eIV) in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza related outcomes (IRO) or IRO by clinical codes, in subjects 18 and over. We completed the literature search in January 2021; ap-plied exclusion criteria, evaluated risk of bias of the evidence, and performed heterogeneity, pub-lication bias, qualitative, quantitative and sensitivity analyses. All estimates were computed us-ing a random approach. International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42021228290. We identified 12 publications that reported 26 adjusted arVE results. Five publications reported 13 laboratory confirmed arVE and seven reported 13 code-ascertained arVE. Nine publications with 22 results were at low risk of bias. Heterogeneity was explained by season and risk of bias. We found a significant 11% (8 to 14%) adjusted arVE favoring ccIV in preventing any IRO in the 2017-2018 influenza season. The arVE was 3% (-01 to 7%) in the 2018-2019 influenza season. We found moderate evidence of a significant advantage of the ccIV in preventing IRO, compared to eIV, in a well-matched A(H3N2) predominant season.

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Prevalence of the Genus Propionibacterium in Primary and Persistent Endodontic Lesions: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9030739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 739 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mario Dioguardi ◽

Mario Alovisi ◽

Vito Crincoli ◽

Riccardo Aiuto ◽

Giancarlo Malagnino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Endodontic Infections ◽

Outcome Differences ◽

Present Systematic Review

Propionibacterium are anaerobic/aero-tolerant rod Gram-positive bacteria, and numerous studies are associated with primary and secondary endodontic infections. The data in the literature on the prevalence of Propionibacterium are conflicting, and there are studies that report conflicting data on the prevalence in primary and secondary endodontic infections. This review aims to clarify the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium in endodontic lesions. The present systematic review work was performed on the basis of the Prisma protocol. A search was carried out on the PubMed and Scopus databases with the use of keywords. The research produced 410 records, which, after the elimination of the overlaps and the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, led to a number of 36 included articles divided by the three outcomes. The first outcome concerns prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium in primary and secondary endodontic lesions. The secondary outcome, differences in the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium between primary endodontic infections and secondary endodontic infections. The tertiary outcome, differences in the prevalence of Propionibacterium Acnes compared to Propionibacterium propionicum in endodontic infections. The results of the meta-analysis show that the genus Propionibacterium bacteria are more prevalent in secondary endodontic infections and that P. acnes has a higher prevalence than P. propionicum.

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Determinants of anxiety in elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2019-100620 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 722-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Simon M Rice ◽

Kate Gwyther ◽

Olga Santesteban-Echarri ◽

David Baron ◽

Paul Gorczynski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Life Events ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Elite Athletes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adverse Life Events ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Online Databases ◽

Symptom Level

ObjectiveTo identify and quantify determinants of anxiety symptoms and disorders experienced by elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive online databases (PubMed, SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane) were searched up to November 2018 to identify eligible citations.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesArticles were included if they were published in English, were quantitative studies and measured a symptom-level anxiety outcome in competing or retired athletes at the professional (including professional youth), Olympic or collegiate/university levels.Results and summaryWe screened 1163 articles; 61 studies were included in the systematic review and 27 of them were suitable for meta-analysis. Overall risk of bias for included studies was low. Athletes and non-athletes had no differences in anxiety profiles (d=−0.11, p=0.28). Pooled effect sizes, demonstrating moderate effects, were identified for (1) career dissatisfaction (d=0.45; higher anxiety in dissatisfied athletes), (2) gender (d=0.38; higher anxiety in female athletes), (3) age (d=−0.34; higher anxiety for younger athletes) and (4) musculoskeletal injury (d=0.31; higher anxiety for injured athletes). A small pooled effect was found for recent adverse life events (d=0.26)—higher anxiety in athletes who had experienced one or more recent adverse life events.ConclusionDeterminants of anxiety in elite populations broadly reflect those experienced by the general population. Clinicians should be aware of these general and athlete-specific determinants of anxiety among elite athletes.

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The diagnostic effect of α-defensin, D-dimer, and IL-6 in periprosthetic joint infection: A systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/2309499020971861 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 230949902097186

Author(s):

Baozhong Tian ◽

Liwen Cui ◽

Weihai Jiang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Common Complication ◽

Online Databases ◽

Artificial Joint Replacement ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

D Dimer

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most common complication after artificial joint replacement as previously reported. However, the main problem at present is its difficulty in diagnosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of α-defensin, D-dimer, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in clinical practice. Method: Online databases were systematically searched until June 18th, 2020 with keywords and medical sub-headings terms. Studies mentioned the sensitivity and specificity of biological markers in detecting PJI were included in our study. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) were obtained after integration. Results: A total of 34 studies with 1036 patients diagnosing as PJI were included for comparing α-defensin, D-dimer, and IL-6. The sensitivity and specificity of α-defensin for PJI were 0.88 and 0.96, and the DOR was 189 (95% CI 72–496), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of D-dimer (0.82 and 0.72) and IL-6 (0.80 and 0.89) were lower than α-defensin. Conclusion: The detection of α-defensin is a promising biomarker for diagnosing PJI. The optional cut-off needs to be curtained when using other biomarkers.

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Pulp Revascularization or Apexification for the Treatment of Immature Necrotic Permanent Teeth: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-43.5.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 305-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gabriel Ferreira Nicoloso ◽

Gabriela Maltz Goldenfum ◽

Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol ◽

Roberta Kochenborger Scarparo ◽

Francisco Montagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Retention Rates ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

High Quality ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Pulp Revascularization ◽

Qualitative Analyses

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed clinical, radiographic and functional retention outcomes in immature necrotic permanent teeth treated either with pulp revascularization or apexification after a minimum of three months to determine which one provides the best results. The literature was screened via PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases up to June 2017 to select observational studies that compared pulp revascularization and apexification treatments assessing clinical, radiographic and functional retention outcomes. Two reviewers independently performed screening and evaluation of articles. A total of 231 articles were retrieved from databases, wherein only four articles were selected for full-text analyses. After exclusion criteria, three studies remained in quantitative and qualitative analyses. Pooled-effect estimates were obtained comparing clinical and radiographic outcomes (‘overall outcome’) and functional retention rates between apexification and pulp revascularization treatment. The meta-analysis comparing apexification vs. revascularization for ‘overall outcome’ (Z=0.113, p=0.910, RR=1.009, 95%CI:0.869–1.171) and functional retention rates (Z=1.438, p=0.150, RR=1.069, 95%CI:0.976–1.172) showed no statistically significant differences between the treatments. All studies were classified as high quality. The current literature regarding the clinical, radiographic and functional retention outcomes in immature necrotic permanent teeth treated either with pulp revascularization or apexification is limited. Based on our meta-analysis, the results do not favor one treatment modality over the other.

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Sleep Deprivation and Oxidative Stress in Animal Models: A Systematic Review

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2015/234952 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Gabriel Villafuerte ◽

Adán Miguel-Puga ◽

Eric Murillo Rodríguez ◽

Sergio Machado ◽

Elias Manjarrez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Antioxidative Properties ◽

Search Terms ◽

Antioxidant Function ◽

Basic Studies ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Because the function and mechanisms of sleep are partially clear, here we applied a meta-analysis to address the issue whether sleep function includes antioxidative properties in mice and rats. Given the expansion of the knowledge in the sleep field, it is indeed ambitious to describe all mammals, or other animals, in which sleep shows an antioxidant function. However, in this paper we reviewed the current understanding from basic studies in two species to drive the hypothesis that sleep is a dynamic-resting state with antioxidative properties. We performed a systematic review of articles cited in Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science until March 2015 using the following search terms:Sleep or sleep deprivation and oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, nitric oxide, catalase or superoxide dismutase. We found a total of 266 studies. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 44 articles were included, which are presented and discussed in this study. The complex relationship between sleep duration and oxidative stress is discussed. Further studies should consider molecular and genetic approaches to determine whether disrupted sleep promotes oxidative stress.

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