scholarly journals Immuno-inflammatory Characters in Low Severity COVID-19 Patients with Digestive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihan Duan ◽  
Shengyan Zhang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Chaoqun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Patient Discharge ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Inflammatory System

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerged infection raised widely concerns for pneumonia and respiratory manifestations. It is noteworthy that digestive symptoms are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients. We sought to describe the immune-inflammatory characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms and mild disease severity.Methods: We designated enrolled mild patients into three subtypes depending on the patients with or without digestive symptoms, including Digestive only (digestive symptoms only), Respiratory only (respiratory symptoms only) and Digestive+ Respiratory (Both digestive and respiratory symptoms). Patient discharge was based on negative results of rRT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from at least two sequential respiratory tract specimens collected ≥24 hours apart. The multiorgan function, immune-inflammatory characteristics were analyzed among three groups.Results: Mild liver damage and the activation of immuno-inflammatory system are the most abnormalities in mild patients but no significant differences were found (p＞0.05). Compared with the Respiratory only group, patients with digestive symptoms were more likely to have slightly higher and later peak values of inflammatory cytokines during the subsequent course of disease(P＜0.05). Additionally, we also found that there was a significant correlation between IL-2 and TNF level in the Digestive only cases (P＜0.05). Conclusions: Mild patients only/accompanied with digestive symptoms are a special subtype of COVID-19. Patients in this group were more likely to have slightly higher and later peak values of inflammatory cytokines during the subsequent course of disease. The prevention and clinical management of this type should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Immuno-Inflammatory Characteristics in Low Severity COVID-19 Patients with Digestive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Caihan Duan ◽  
Shengyan Zhang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Chaoqun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Inflammatory System

Aim. The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic, with the main manifestations being of respiratory nature, including pneumonia. It is noteworthy that digestive symptoms are also observed in COVID-19 patients. In this article, we describe the immuno-inflammatory characteristics of low severity COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms. Methods. Patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19 were split into three groups based on the patients’ symptoms. The first group displayed digestive symptoms only, the second group displayed respiratory symptoms only, and the last group displayed both digestive and respiratory symptoms. Patients were discharged based on negative results of rRT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from at least two sequential respiratory tract specimens collected ≥24 hours apart. Multiorgan function and immuno-inflammatory characteristics were analyzed for all of the three groups. Results. Mild liver damage and activation of the immuno-inflammatory system were the most common abnormalities observed in patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms but no significant differences were found (P>0.05). Patients with digestive symptoms were more likely to have slightly higher and later peak values of inflammatory cytokines during the subsequent course of disease (P<0.05). In addition, a significant correlation between IL-2 and TNF level was found in the first group which included patients with digestive symptoms only (P<0.05). Conclusions. Patients with mild cases of COVID-19 only displaying digestive symptoms are a special subtype. Patients in this group were more likely to have slightly higher and delayed peak values of inflammatory cytokines during the subsequent course of the disease. Prevention and clinical management of this type should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Wegener’s Granulomatosis presenting as a small saft palate mass

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Partha Pratim Das ◽  
Pran Gopal Datta ◽  
Anindita Datta
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Pathologic Process ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) is a form of vasculitis involves small and medium-sized blood vessels. It commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tract. However, multisystemic involvement and involvement of kidneys are possible and may lead to a life threatening condition. Therefore early diagnosis is important. Timely beginning of clinical management may considerably influence the further course of disease. Although, it may present as oro-pharyngeal mass surgical procedure is not indicated method of treatment of Wegener’s granulomatosis, because it can increase the pathologic process. Here we report a case of Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) presenting as a tissue growth over the soft palate.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i1.10423Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(1): 74-76

scholarly journals Development of a large spontaneous pneumothorax after recovery from mild COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238863
Author(s):  
Krishidhar Nunna ◽  
Andrea Barbara Braun
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Pulmonary Complication ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Igg Antibodies

A previously healthy 37-year-old man presented with fevers and myalgias for a week with a minimal dry cough. Initial SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal testing was negative, but in light of high community prevalence, he was diagnosed with COVID-19, treated with supportive care and self-quarantined at home. Three days after resolution of all symptoms, he developed sudden onset chest pain. Chest imaging revealed a large right-sided pneumothorax and patchy subpleural ground glass opacities. IgM and IgG antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 were positive. His pneumothorax resolved after placement of a small-bore chest tube, which was removed after 2 days.This case demonstrates that patients with COVID-19 can develop a significant pulmonary complication, a large pneumothorax, despite only minimal lower respiratory tract symptoms and after resolution of the original illness. Medical professionals should consider development of a pneumothorax in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 and present with new respiratory symptoms.

scholarly journals Social contact patterns of infants in deciding vaccination strategy: a prospective, cross-sectional, single-centre study

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 1157-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Oguz ◽  
A. D. Camurdan ◽  
F. N. Aksakal ◽  
M. Akcaboy ◽  
E. Altinel Acoglu
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractSocial contact between individuals is believed to be a fundamental cause in the transmission of many respiratory tract infections. Because they have not yet been fully vaccinated, infants are at high risk for contracting whooping cough, influenza and their serious complications. Therefore, determining infant social contact patterns is an important step in protecting them from respiratory tract infection. This study included 1200 healthy infants (<12 months of age). Social contact diaries were used to estimate the frequency and nature of the infants’ social contacts. This survey also gathered information regarding the infants’ respiratory symptoms and their frequency of attendance at crowded places over a period of 1 week. The diary return rate was 83.8% (N = 1006), and there was a total of 4706 contacts reported for these infants. The median daily contact number per capita was 4 (range 1–18). The median number of contacts with adolescents was 0 (range 0–7). Of the infants, 50.3% had contact with non-household individuals. The mothers had the longest contacts with their babies. Contacts with school children, frequency of attendance at crowded places and age were determined to be significant effective factors for reporting respiratory symptoms. Results suggest that school-age siblings and the mothers should be primarily vaccinated, and parents should keep their babies away from crowded places for protecting their infants.

scholarly journals 1756. Role of Human bocavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S645-S645
Author(s):  
Chikara Ogimi ◽  
Emily T Martin ◽  
Hu Xie ◽  
Angela P Campbell ◽  
Alpana Waghmare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Allogeneic Hct

Abstract Background Limited data exist regarding the impact of human bocavirus (BoV) in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. We examined incidence and disease spectrum of BoV respiratory tract infection (RTI) in HCT recipients. Methods In a longitudinal surveillance study of viral RTIs among allogeneic HCT recipients, pre-HCT and weekly post-HCT nasal washes and symptom surveys were collected through day 100, then every 3 months, and whenever respiratory symptoms occurred through 1-year post-HCT. Samples were tested by multiplex semi-quantitative PCR for RSV, parainfluenza virus 1–4, influenza A/B, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, and BoV. Plasma samples from BoV+ subjects were analyzed by PCR. In addition, we conducted a retrospective review of HCT recipients with BoV detected in bronchoalveolar lavage or lung biopsy. Results Among 469 patients in the prospective cohort, 21 distinct BoV RTIs (3 pre-HCT and 18 post-HCT) were observed by 1-year post-HCT in 19 patients (median 42 years old, range 0–67) without apparent seasonality. BoV was more frequently detected in the latter half of the first 100 days post-HCT (Figure 1). The frequencies of respiratory symptoms in patients with BoV detected did not appear to be higher than those without any virus detected, with the exception of watery eyes (P < 0.01) (Figure 2). Univariable models among patients with BoV RTI post-HCT showed higher peak viral load in nasal samples (P = 0.04) and presence of respiratory copathogens (P = 0.03) were associated with presence of respiratory symptoms; however, BoV detection in plasma was not (P = 0.8). Retrospective review identified 6 allogeneic HCT recipients (range 1–64 years old) with BoV detected in lower respiratory tract specimens [incidence rate of 0.4% (9/2,385) per sample tested]. Although all 6 cases presented with hypoxemia, 4 had significant respiratory copathogens or concomitant conditions that contributed to respiratory compromise. No death was attributed mainly to BoV lower RTI. Conclusion BoV is infrequently detected in respiratory tract in HCT recipients. Our studies did not demonstrate convincing evidence that BoV is a significant pathogen in either upper or lower respiratory tracts. Watery eyes were associated with BoV detection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The Impact of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines on ROS Mediated Liver Damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andras Meszaros ◽  
Adelheid Weidinger ◽  
Sergiu Dumitrescu ◽  
Andrea V Müllebner ◽  
Johanna Catharina Duvigneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Vardenafil Against Cholestatic Liver Damage in Mice: a Mechanistic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina S. El-Agamy ◽  
Hamdi H. Almaramhy ◽  
Nishat Ahmed ◽  
Bsmah Bojan ◽  
Waad D. Alrohily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Background/Aims: Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors have beneficial effects in multiple liver diseases possibly through the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. However, these effects have not yet been examined in cholestatic liver dysfunction. Hence, this study aimed to explore the ability of vardenafil, a known phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, to repress lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced cholestatic liver injury and investigate the possible molecular pathways. Methods: Male Swiss albino mice were treated with LCA (0.125 mg/g) twice daily for 7 days to induce cholestatic liver damage. Vardenafil was administered 3 days before and throughout the administration of LCA. Serum markers of hepatotoxicity and hepatic nitro-oxidative stress along with antioxidant parameters were measured, and the histopathology of liver tissues was assessed. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target genes was examined using PCR. The activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and the levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined. NLRP3 inflammasome and its components were studied by PCR and western blot. Results: LCA induced marked cholestatic liver damage as demonstrated by increased serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin, and bile acids. Examination of liver specimens confirmed the biochemical results. Nitro-oxidative stress parameters were significantly elevated along with reduced antioxidant capacity in hepatic tissue following LCA administration. LCA suppressed Nrf2 and its target genes and decreased the mRNA expression and binding capacity of Nrf2 as well as the mRNA expression of GCLm, GCLc, Nqo1, and HO-1. Additionally, LCA enhanced the activation of NF-κB, which was accompanied by elevations of inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, LCA induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. LCA increased the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β genes and proteins in hepatic tissue. The activities of IL-1β and caspase-1 were increased in the LCA group. Interestingly, vardenafil ameliorated LCA-induced hepatic injury and alleviated all biochemical, histopathological, and inflammatory parameters. Conclusions: These data elucidated the effects of Nrf2 inhibition and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LCA-induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective activity of vardenafil in LCA-induced cholestatic damage may result from the drug’s ability to activate Nrf2 signaling and prevent the activation of NLRP3, which could suppress the inflammatory responses in hepatic tissue. Thus, vardenafil can be considered a novel anti-inflammatory remedy for cholestatic liver damage.

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