scholarly journals Utilization of plant species in mangrove swamp: ruminant herders’ perception of treats and strategies for mangrove sustainable restoration in Benin (west-Africa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidossessi Syntiche Chiméi Mérimée Ahouangan ◽  
Ivan Bossima Koura ◽  
Clément Sèwadé ◽  
Mreille Allagbe Toyi ◽  
Paolo Armel Dodji Lesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract In Benin, mangroves are an important resource for the coastal populations who use them for firewood, salt preparation but also for feeding ruminants in the surrounding meadows. However, the pressure exerted by exploitation on fodder in the mangroves has not been quantified. This study aims to understand the relationship between mangroves and ruminants in the coastal zone of Benin. Ethno-botanical data were collected from ninety (90) ruminant breeders in fifteen (15) villages close to mangroves along the coastal belt, using individual interviews and group discussions combined with a tourist guide and a semi-structured questionnaire. The herders provided, among other things, mangrove species used as food and for ruminant health. Cross-tabulations, with calculation of chi-square statistics, were used as well as means and standard deviation values of continuous variables calculated and compared between mangrove trends observed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Rhizophora racemosa , Avicennia africana , Paspalum vaginatum , Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides and Blutaparon vermiculare were the species mentioned. Local communities are aware of the need to restore and ensure the sustainable conservation of mangrove ecosystems. The main restoration and conservation measures indicated by the pastoralists are the planting of mangroves, rational logging through the control of logging, no fires after logging. These measures vary according to ethnicity and depend significantly (p < 0.001) on the type of mangrove. However, these modes of exploitation of mangroves by livestock breeders have no effect on their dynamics. However, the involvement of farmers is dispensable for the conservation of mangroves.

Femoral head to lower lumbar neural foramen distance as a novel radiographic parameter to predict postoperative stretch neuropraxia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alex S. Ha ◽  
Meghan Cerpa ◽  
Justin Mathew ◽  
Paul Park ◽  
Joseph M. Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Spinal Deformity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Curve Correction ◽  
Neural Foramen ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Lower Lumbar ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE Lumbosacral fractional curves in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients often have sharp coronal curves resulting in significant pain and imbalance. Postoperative stretch neuropraxia after fractional curve correction can lead to discomfort and unsatisfactory outcomes. The goal of this study was to use radiographic measures to increase understanding of the relationship between postoperative stretch neuropraxia and fractional curve correction. METHODS In 62 ASD patients treated from 2015 to 2018, radiographic review was performed, including measurement of the distance between the lower lumbar neural foramen (L4 and L5) in the concavity and convexity of the lumbosacral fractional curve and the ipsilateral femoral heads (FHs; L4–FH and L5–FH) in pre- and postoperative anteroposterior spine radiographs. The largest absolute preoperative to postoperative change in distance between the lower lumbar neural foramen and the ipsilateral FH (ΔL4/L5–FH) was used for analysis. Chi-square analyses, independent and paired t-tests, and logistic regression were performed to study the relationship between L4/L5–FH and stretch neuropraxia for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS Of the 62 patients, 13 (21.0%) had postoperative stretch neuropraxia. Patients without postoperative stretch neuropraxia had an average ΔL4–FH distance of 16.2 mm compared to patients with stretch neuropraxia, who had an average ΔL4–FH distance of 31.5 mm (p < 0.01). Patients without postoperative neuropraxia had an average ΔL5–FH distance of 11.1 mm compared to those with stretch neuropraxia, who had an average ΔL5–FH distance of 23.0 mm (p < 0.01). Chi-square analysis showed that patients had a 4.78-fold risk of developing stretch neuropraxia with ΔL4–FH > 20 mm (95% CI 1.3–17.3) and a 5.17-fold risk of developing stretch neuropraxia with ΔL5–FH > 15 mm (95% CI 1.4–18.7). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of developing stretch neuropraxia were 15:1 with a ΔL4–FH > 20 mm (95% CI 3–78) and 21:1 with a ΔL5–FH > 15 mm (95% CI 4–113). CONCLUSIONS The novel ΔL4/L5–FH distances are strongly associated with postoperative stretch neuropraxia in ASD patients. A ΔL4–FH > 20 mm and ΔL5–FH > 15 mm significantly increase the odds for patients to develop postoperative stretch neuropraxia.

scholarly journals The impact of organizational culture on innovation for the development of tourism SMEs in the municipality of Caborca, Sonora

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Javier Saucedo-Monarque ◽  
Oscar Ernesto Hernández-Ponce ◽  
Luis Enrique Valdez-Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Logit Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The results presented in this study related the factor of organizational culture with innovation for the development of small tourist businesses (SMEs) in the municipality of Caborca, Sonora. For which an exploratory analysis of the model, was made to subsequently analyze the Association of variables through the model of the Chi-square and thus be able to check the predictive and explanatory power of the same by means of Probit and Logit analysis. The collection of data was used as measurement instrument a structured questionnaire was administered to managers or entrepreneurs of tourism SMEs in the municipality of Caborca, Sonora. Where was the reliability of the instrument for measuring, the R² and significance of the model Chi square statistical analysis was used to identify the relationship and association between the variables of the proposed model, obtaining the coefficient Gamma with a strong correlation between the variables, as well as Gamma, Probit and Logit values, acceptable values for the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable was observed. A higher rate and robustness of prediction of the variables with acceptable significance was also obtained.

scholarly journals Students Intention towards Entrepreneurship as a Career among Final Year Engineering Students in Puducherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Adil Ellikkal ◽  
S Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the intention of students towards entrepreneurship as a career choice. This paper aims to determine the impact of various factors on entrepreneurial intention among final year engineering students.Design / Methodology / Approach: A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 final year engineering students in Pondicherry. The data is obtained analyzed using a logistic regression model. The relationship between the significant factors was also examined using the chi-square test.Findings: The authors find from the estimation of this paper shows that different entrepreneurial factors like family, environment and curriculum are not creating any impact on student’s entrepreneurial intention. Thus our education system needs to provide better habitat for creating new entrepreneurs.Originality / Value: This paper presents an interesting viewpoint on the intention of students towards starting a new business. Students were not getting proper entrepreneurial education in colleges and universities. All the data collected was original.

scholarly journals Managing hundreds of improvement teams

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rashad Massoud ◽  
Leighann E. Kimble ◽  
Victor Boguslavsky ◽  
Maina Boucar ◽  
Jorge Hermida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussions ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Second Nature ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Key Skills ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Culture Strategy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sizable Number

Recognizing the notable scale of USAID Applying Science to Strengthen and Improve Systems (ASSIST) Project activities and sizable number of improvement teams, which in some cases is close to 1,000 improvement teams managed in one country at a point in time, we sought to answer the questions: How do we manage hundreds of improvement teams in one country alone? How do we manage more than 4,000 improvement teams globally? The leaders of our improvement programs manage such efforts as though they are second-nature, without pointing to the specific skills and strategies needed to manage thousands of teams. This paper was developed to capture the lessons, considerations, and insights shared in discussions with leaders on the USAID ASSIST Project, including country Chiefs of Party and Regional Directors. More specifically, this paper seeks to describe what is involved in scaling up and managing large numbers of improvement teams. Through focus group discussions and individual interviews, participants discussed the key skills, strategies, and lessons needed to successfully manage large numbers of teams on the USAID ASSIST Project. We concluded that the six key components in managing large numbers of teams are 1) leadership; 2) management structures and capacities; 3) clear and open communication; 4) shared learning, collaboration, and support; 5) ownership, engagement, and empowerment; and 6) partnerships. We further analyzed these six components as being interrelated to one another based on the relationship between culture, strategy, and technique in implementing quality improvement activities.

scholarly journals Post-COVID-19 Fatigue: Demographic Distribution and Relation to Chronic Illnesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysha Chaudhary ◽  
Jessica Paters ◽  
Mindy Flanagan ◽  
Rachel Pfafman ◽  
Jeanne Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Demographic Distribution ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This retrospective study examined the relationship between post-COVID (PC) fatigue and the presence of chronic illnesses. Materials and Methods: Electronic health records of 122 Parkview PC Clinic patients were reviewed for demographics (age, gender, race), chronic illnesses (diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypertension, congestive heart failure, anemia, cancer, orthostatic hypotension), obesity (weight, BMI), complaint of fatigue, and activities affected by fatigue. Data was analyzed using Chi-square tests for categorical variables (or Fisher’s exact test for small cell sizes) and t-tests for continuous variables. Open thematic coding of activities most affected by PC fatigue was performed. Results: 95 out of 122 patients (77.9%) were found to have PC fatigue. Except for measures related to obesity, none of the chronic illnesses assessed were correlated with the presence of fatigue. The weight of PC fatigue patients was significantly higher than those without fatigue (p=0.04). Examination of BMI and obesity status also indicated significantly higher BMI (p=0.01) and levels of obesity (p= 0.004) in PC fatigue groups compared to the PC non-fatigue groups. No significant differences were observed between the groups in either PT test. Examination of patient described activities effected by PC fatigue found work (30.4%), daily stamina (28.6%) and ability to exercise (16.7%) most impacted by PC fatigue.  Other activities affected by PC fatigue included housework (5.6%), hobbies (3.7%), shopping (1.9%) and driving (1.9%). Conclusion: 77.9% of our PC patients showed symptoms of fatigue. This is comparable with existing literature. None of the demographic variables and PT tests, or most of the chronic health conditions investigated, were correlated with the presence of fatigue in PC patients. In contrast, measures associated with obesity, including high BMI and weight, were significantly associated with increased PC fatigue presentation. Open thematic coding of qualitative variables indicated work, daily stamina, and exercise were most affected in PC patients. 

scholarly journals Autologous blood donation before hepatectomy in patients with chronic kidney disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroya Iida ◽  
Masaki Kaibori ◽  
Kosuke Matsui ◽  
Morihiko Ishizaki ◽  
Masanori Kon
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Autologous Blood Donation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Preoperative Autologous Blood Donation ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Autologous blood is sometimes collected before hepatectomy. The usefulness of ABD has been reported in several studies. However, the relationship between ABD and CKD has never been studied. Aim: The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between preoperative autologous blood donation (ABD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in terms of anemia. Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2012, 70 patients made two ABDs ≥ 600 mL before hepatectomy. CKD stages were based on estimated glomerular filtration rates. Univariate analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and the chi-square test for nominal variables. Results: Patients at CKD stages &lt; G3b (n = 60) and ≥ G3b (n = 10) were compared. There were no significant differences in hemoglobin level at the initial hospital visit or total volume of ABD between the two groups. However, hemoglobin levels just before the first ABD, the second ABD, and resection, and just after resection were significantly lower in the CKD ≥ G3b group than those in the &lt; G3b group (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: CKD stage contributes to reductions in hemoglobin levels after ABD. We recommend the use of erythropoietin in CKD ≥ G3b cases that include ABDs.

scholarly journals Sports Sponsorship Development Company: Image and Creating Competitive Advantage

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Mokhalles M Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Celebrity Endorsements ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sport Sponsorship ◽  
Sports Sponsorship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Live Broadcast ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Companies are using sports-sponsorship to enhance the image of their products and to create competitive advantage in the market in-terms of uniqueness. Considering the example of competitive advantage, Nike  in design, FedEx in quick delivery, and Wal-Mart in low price, the objective of the study is to investigate the effect of sport-sponsorship technique on brand image and the competitive advantage. In addition, the study will identify the relationship between celebrity endorsements and how the endorsements have an impact on buying behavior. The study covers both the primary investigation and secondary literature review. Data was collected with help of structured questionnaire and analyzed by using several statistical techniques such as Chi-Square test, Paired t-Test and Regression analysis (used to identify the relationship between sports celebrity endorsements and buying behavior).Research has indicated that live broadcast of sport sponsorship gets the favour of the respondent. Research has revealed that companies should prefer advertising as a sport-sponsorship technique to increase the brand awareness. Findings of the study indicate that for advertising, companies need to be cautious while selecting other medium of sponsorship. The study concludes that there is a relationship between sports celebrity endorsement and consumer buying behavior.   

scholarly journals Association between anxiety and obesity: A study of a young.adult Nigerian population

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S13-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwunonso ECC Ejike
Keyword(s):  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Background: The relationship between anxiety and obesity is still debatable and seems to vary between cultures. The subject has been scarcely investigated in Nigeria, hence this study. Materials and Methods: A total of 1584 young‑adult Nigerians (56.4% males) of mean age 21.8 ± 2.2 years were studied. Anxiety was assessed using the Beck’s Anxiety Index (BAI), while obesity was determined using the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and body mass index (BMI) methods. Standard protocols were followed for all assessments and measurements. Appropriate descriptive statistics were carried out, while regression and correlation analyses (for continuous variables) and the Chi square tests (for categorical variables) were used to assess the relationship between anxiety and obesity. Results: The degree of adiposity of the subjects (males and females alike) classified by %BF standards did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect the proportion of the population with any degree of anxiety. The proportion of population with high anxiety (for both sexes) was similar (P > 0.05) irrespective of their BMI status. All the obese (BMI‑wise only) males had low anxiety, while the proportion of thin females (in the low anxiety group) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of their normal weight counterparts. There was neither a significant correlation nor a significant association (P > 0.05) between the BAI scores and the studied measures of adiposity in both male and female subjects. Conclusion: The low prevalence of both anxiety and obesity in the studied population may explain the observed lack of association between the studied variables. These findings do not support the “jolly fat” hypothesis.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Attitude Towards Socioscientific Issues and Views on COVID-19 and Vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Muhammed SALMAN ◽  
Adem YILMAZ
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Socioscientific Issues ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

With the pandemic, conspiracy theories about the COVID-19 began to spread rapidly in the virtual environment. It is not difficult for these conspiracy theories to replace scientific knowledge, particularly those with low scientific literacy. This study aimed to examine whether there is a relationship between university students' attitudes towards socioscientific issues (viz. their views on conspiracy theories) and their views on the COVID-19 process and vaccination. 1275 university students from different universities studying at various departments participated in the study. “The Attitude Scale towards Socioscientific Issues" developed by Topcu (2010) and the "COVID-19 process and Vaccination Questionnaire" developed by the researchers consisting of 20 questions were used as data collection tools in the study. In analysing the data obtained from the application, the continuous variables with two categories were analysed using the independent groups' t-test since the research data showed normal distribution and provided the preconditions. A one-way ANOVA test was used in the analysis of continuous variables with more than two categories. The chi-square test was used in the analysis of categorical variables, and a multinominal logistic regression was performed when examining the relationship between main variables and categorical variables. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that students with a high attitude towards socioscientific issues were more scientifically oriented to conspiracy theories, the existence of the COVID-19 and its origin, and their ideas about vaccination were more positive. In the post-pandemic period, a restructuring of science education in which socioscientific issues are concentrated upon to increase health literacy and scientific literacy arguably appears urgent.

scholarly journals Daily Singing in a School Severely Affected by Earthquakes

Teachers Work ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Rickson ◽  
Robert Legg ◽  
Dianna Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Subsequent Cycle ◽  
Learner Perception ◽  
The Relationship

The school where this research took place, was created from the merger of two primary schools in the aftermath of the 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes. Since that time staff and learners have been engaged in daily singing, specifically to promote the wellbeing of staff and learners. We engaged in action research to examine the ways the singing has been facilitated and sustained, and explored teacher and learner perception of the relationship between singing and wellbeing.  During one of our cycles of learning it became clear that many of the teachers thought of the daily singing for wellbeing as a distinctly different activity to a music education task. In the subsequent cycle of learning we examined this idea further via focus group discussions and individual interviews, and engagement with relevant literature. We found there is considerable diversity in terms of the understandings and values that underpin music education programmes, and the approach taken as a result. However when singing is employed specifically to enhance wellbeing in schools, the focus needs to be on being together and having fun, rather than on learning to sing.

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