scholarly journals Sports Sponsorship Development Company: Image and Creating Competitive Advantage

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Mokhalles M Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Celebrity Endorsements ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sport Sponsorship ◽  
Sports Sponsorship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Live Broadcast ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Companies are using sports-sponsorship to enhance the image of their products and to create competitive advantage in the market in-terms of uniqueness. Considering the example of competitive advantage, Nike  in design, FedEx in quick delivery, and Wal-Mart in low price, the objective of the study is to investigate the effect of sport-sponsorship technique on brand image and the competitive advantage. In addition, the study will identify the relationship between celebrity endorsements and how the endorsements have an impact on buying behavior. The study covers both the primary investigation and secondary literature review. Data was collected with help of structured questionnaire and analyzed by using several statistical techniques such as Chi-Square test, Paired t-Test and Regression analysis (used to identify the relationship between sports celebrity endorsements and buying behavior).Research has indicated that live broadcast of sport sponsorship gets the favour of the respondent. Research has revealed that companies should prefer advertising as a sport-sponsorship technique to increase the brand awareness. Findings of the study indicate that for advertising, companies need to be cautious while selecting other medium of sponsorship. The study concludes that there is a relationship between sports celebrity endorsement and consumer buying behavior.   

scholarly journals A Study on Students’ Awareness about Organic Food Products and Purchase Behaviour with Special Reference to Tirupur City

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-125
Author(s):  
Sadika Sultana M ◽  
Thilak S
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Ranking Analysis ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study is focused on the awareness among the students about organic products, buying behavior and attitude towards the organic products. The research design adopted in the study was descriptive design. This study is based on the primary data and the data has been collected from the students employing a structured questionnaire. The sampling technique used in this study is convenient sampling method where the sample size comprises of different types of students in order to test their awareness about organic products. A sample of 118 respondents was taken for the study. The tools applied to analyze the data included simple percentage analysis, chi-square test and average ranking analysis.

scholarly journals Impact of Advertisement on Customer Buying Behavior - A Case Study of District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India

2011 ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Hem Raj ◽  
K.K. Parmar ◽  
O.C. Rana ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Customers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study is related to find out the effective of various advertisements on customer buying behavior in Himachal Pradesh. For the evaluation and measurement of advertisement impact on customer buying behavior, the sample taken from the entire Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The present study helps the strategy makers and marketers to identify the potential customers with help of effective advertisement in the market. Research Methodology - For this purpose a self structured questionnaire has been used to collect the data from 200 respondents from entire district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh. In the present study, chi square test has been used to measure the impact of advertisement on customer buying behavior with the help of SPSS version 16.0 (statistical package of social sciences software). Results - It is observed that advertisement have a significant impact and positive correlation with consumer buying behavior. In this study age and gender variables also found to be significant

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

Hubungan antara Luas Lesi pada Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru Dewasa yang Memiliki Riwayat Diabetes Melitus dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ina Edwina ◽  
Rista D Soetikno ◽  
Irma H Hikmat
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. There is a relationship between TB and DM that are very prominent, which is the prevalence of pulmonary TB with DM increased by 20 times compared with pulmonary TB without diabetes. Chest X-ray picture of TB patients with DM is atypical lesion. However, there are contradictories of pulmonary TB lesion on chest radiograph of DM patients. Nutritional status has a close relationship with the morbidity of DM, as well as TB.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the lesions of TB on the chest radiograph of patients who su?er from DM with their Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung.Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Radiology RSHS Bandung between October 2014 - February 2015. We did a consecutive sampling of chest radiograph and IMT of DM patients with clinical diagnosis of TB, then the data was analysed by Chi Square test to determine the relationship between degree of lesions on chest radiograph of pulmonary TB on patients who have DM with their BMI.Results: The results showed that adult patients with active pulmonary TB with DM mostly in the range of age 51-70 years old, equal to 62.22%, with the highest gender in men, equal to 60%. Chest radiograph of TB in patients with DM are mostly seen in people who are obese, which is 40% and the vast majority of lesions are minimal lesions that is equal to 40%.Conclusions: There is a signifcant association between pulmonary TB lesion degree with BMI, with p = 0.03

Usia Resiko Tinggi dan Perdarahan Post Partum

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ani Media Harumi ◽  
Kasiati Kasiati
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of age high risk with the incidence ofbleeding post partum in dr. M. Soewandhie Surabaya hospital. This research is analytic with an approachof a sectional cross. The study population was all post partum mothers in the Dr. M. Soewandhie Surabayahospital in January 2016 to March 2017, which amounts to an average of 1840respondents while theresearch sample number 182. Measuring collection sheet data obtained by systematic random sampling.The Study was conducted Chi-Square test obtained mean count X2 (0,00) is less than á (0.05) thenH0 is rejected and H1 accepted it means that there is a relationship between the age of high risk withbleeding post partum. Conclusion, there is a relationship between the age of high risk with the incidenceof bleeding post partum in the Spaceof the Maternity room Dr. Moch. Soewandhie Surabayahospital.

scholarly journals Rheumatologist perspective of the Brazilian consensus for detection of auto antibodies in HEp-2 CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Carvalho Medeiros Francescantonio ◽  
Leandro Augusto Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Luiz Carvalho Francescantonio ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Coelho Andrade ◽  
Wilson de Melo Cruvinel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Relevant Pattern ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective To evaluate the perception of rheumatologists regarding the recommendations of the Brazilian Consensus for detection of Autoantibodies (BCA) on HEp-2 Cells by Indirect Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and how BCA recommendations help in clinical practice. Methodology A structured questionnaire regarding the BCA recommendations for detection and interpretations of autoantibodies in HEp-2 cells was applied to randomly selected rheumatologists. The results were tabulated using the Microsoft® Excel program, expressed as a simple percentage and the dichotomous data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Epi Info® program. Results Four hundred fuorteen rheumatologists participated in the study: 70% of them considered their knowledge of the HEp-2 IFA test satisfactory or excellent, and 43% said they knew the BCA recommendations in general, without distinguishing the edition of the BCA to which they refer. The Revista Brasileira de Rheumatologia/Advances in Rheumatology was the means of dissemination most consulted by specialists (50%). According to the rheumatologists’ opinion, the most relevant pattern was the homogeneous nuclear (78%) and 65% stated they were satisfied with the BCA recommendations at a level of satisfaction greater than or equal to 80%. There was no significant difference in the perception of rheumatologists from the several Brazilian geographic regions. Conclusion Brazilian rheumatologists are aware of the BCA guidelines and most are satisfied with the content published, considering that the BCA recommendations assist positively in the clinical practice. Most rheumatologists recognize the patterns associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and have used BCA recommendations to interpret the results of the HEp-2 IFA test.

Children’s perception towards parents on learning Mathematics in Sindhuli district

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Yam Prasad Pandeya
Keyword(s):  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mathematical Achievement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Parental factors play vital role in academic attainment of their offspring. Motivation and counseling stimulate someone to take a desired course of action. This paper attempts to explore the perception of children towards their patents in support, involvement, counseling, and motivation on learning mathematics. This study employed survey research design of the quantitative approach. The total population of the study was90 students (15 students from each six schools) enrolled in Grade ix of Sindhuli district in 2019. The data were collected through self-structured questionnaire using three points-Likert scale items. Mean and standard deviation of each item were calculated and Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was used to test the hypothesis. The finding of this study shows that the parents of Sindhuli district are very conscious about the study of their children whatever their educational level. This study suggests that parent involvement is an inseparable component to promote mathematical achievement of their offspring.

Association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients (pts) with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) during checkpoint immunotherapy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 489-489
Author(s):  
Elie W. Akl ◽  
Pier Vitale Nuzzo ◽  
Elio Adib ◽  
Amin Nassar ◽  
Sarah Abou Alaiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Tumor Mutational Burden ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Relationship

489 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has greatly improved clinical outcomes for pts with mUC and other cancers. ICI is associated with a class of AEs, deemed irAEs due to immune activation. Nonetheless, biomarkers associated with irAE are still lacking. We hypothesized that the immune response against neoantigens is partly responsible for irAEs and investigated the association between irAEs, TMB and response to ICI. Methods: We identified patients with mUC at Dana Farber Cancer Institute who were treated with ICI (monotherapy or combination) and had available tumor sequencing data through Oncopanel. TMB was calculated using the number of non-synonymous exonic mutations per megabase. The severity of irAEs was graded using CTCAE v.5.0. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify association between TMB, incidence and grade of irAEs. A cut-off of 10/mb was assigned for TMB. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate the radiologic response between pts with and without irAEs and low vs. high TMB. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the relationship between TMB, irAEs and response. p-values were adjusted using Benjamini-Hochberg method. Results: Of 101 pts with mUC who met the inclusion criteria, 32 (32%) reported irAEs. 6 (6%) were grade (G)1, 20 (20%) were G2, and 6 (6%) were G3. Median(m) time on therapy was 84 days for pts without irAEs and 88 days for pts with irAEs. Pts with irAEs had higher mTMB (15.4/mb) compared to pts with no irAEs (9.8) ( p = 0.01). In pts on monotherapy (93), those with irAEs (n=27) had a higher mTMB (15.13/mb) compared to pts with no irAEs (n=66) (mTMB = 10.20/mb) ( p = 0.01). Out of 94 pts with radiological data, response was achieved in 16 (50%) pts with irAE vs 10 (16%) pts with no irAE ( p < 0.001). When both irAE and response were included in a multivariable regression, the association between irAE and TMB was not significant ( p = 0.4). Pts with both irAE and high TMB had a response rate of 56% which was significantly higher than those with either irAE but low TMB (28.6%) or high TMB but no irAE (21.2 %) or low TMB and no irAE (10.3%) (Chi-square test p = 0.002; FDR corrected p-values for individual comparisons in Table). There was no association between TMB and irAE grade. Conclusions: Higher TMB was associated with higher incidence of irAEs in pts with mUC on ICIs. Moreover, pts with both high TMB and irAEs exhibited better response rates than those with only high TMB or irAEs, suggesting that they may provide complementary tumor and host characteristics. Further evaluation in mUC is needed to confirm this relationship between TMB, irAEs and response in a larger cohort and explore specific mutational signatures that may be associated with irAEs. [Table: see text]

A Cross Sectional Analysis of Tourism Development and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Tauseef AMAN ◽  
Mussawar SHAH ◽  
Humera JAMAL ◽  
Younas KHAN ◽  
Muhammad ARIF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

The major objective of this study was to measure the association between various interventions and Chitral Gole National Park (CGNP) role in preservation of bio-diversity and socio-economic uplift. A sample size of 346 respondents was randomly selected from total population of 3326 from the 4 selected villages on the basis of close proximity. A conceptual framework including dependent variable social development and independent variable tourism development were taken. The data were analyzed through frequency and percentage distribution. Moreover, Chi-square test was applied to know the relationship between dependent and independent variables at bi-variate level. In bi-variate analysis a highly significant (P=0.000) relation was found between CGNP is main source of promoting tourism in Chitral,tourists do any impacts upon local community in terms of increased business activities, local culture is safeguarded despite influx of tourists in the area, tourism produced employment opportunities, and social development. Qualitative data supported the empirical findings, however tourism brings economic opportunities at micro and macro level, but unfortunately CGNP is not as satisfactory regarding generating income since its establishment. The government should ensure to make such polices pertaining to the entrance fee, provides accommodation services on payment to the tourists and to reserve the entrance fee or any other form of taxes to ensure CGNP to spend on self-sustaining basis by ensuring refinement in the procedures as well.

Analysis of the Relationship between Currency Redenomination and Financial Transaction Costs in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Hassana Aliyu MOHAMMED ◽  
◽  
Abdurrahman ISIK ◽  
Paul Terhemba IOREMBER ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
User Costs ◽  
Inflationary Pressure ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The study analyses the relationship between currency redenomination and financial sector transaction costs in Nigeria using a sample of 200 respondents from ten financial institutions. Applying the Chi-square test, the study reveals that high currency redenomination removes wasteful transactions removes user costs (difficulties arising from memorizing, calculating and carrying large sum of lowest denominations: coins and smaller notes). The results also show that currency redenomination influences inflationary pressure and currency liberalization in Nigeria. Based on the findings the study recommends the introduction of currency redenomination to facilitate the consumers' cash payment and reduce the cost incurred by producers and issuing authorities, and also make payment system more efficient and effective.

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