scholarly journals Prevalence high risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in HIV-infected women from Belém, Pará, Amazon region of Brazil: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Monteiro ◽  
Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca ◽  
Tuane Ferreira ◽  
Luana Rodrigues ◽  
Andreza Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the genotype diversity of HPV infection in HIV-infected women.Methods: From April 2010 to December 2012 cervical specimens were collected from 169 HIV-infected women who screening for cervical cancer at Reference Unit in Belém. The detection of HPV infection was performed by nested PCR and HPV type was performed using the commercial kit.Results: The prevalence of HPV infection was 63,3%. Of the 47 genotyped samples, 40,4% was found positive for high risk-HPV 16 and 12.8% for high risk-HPV 52. HPV infection was predominant in the group of women with no incidence of cytological abnormalities and more prevalent in women of reproductive age, unmarried, low education level and who used condoms during sexual intercourse. It was observed an association between HPV infection and independent variables, such as condom use, multiple sexual partners and history of sexually transmitted diseases.Conclusions: High-risk types of HPV infection were prevalent in our study. Infection with multiple high-risk HPV genotypes may potentiate the development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High Risk HPV in HIV-Infected Women From Belém, Pará, Amazon Region of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro ◽  
Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca ◽  
Tuane Carolina de Sousa Ferreira ◽  
Luana Lorena Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Andreza Reis Brasil da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the genotype diversity of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. From April 2010 to December 2012 cervical specimens were collected from 169 HIV-infected women who screening for cervical cancer at Reference Unit in Belém. The detection of HPV infection was performed by nested PCR and HPV type was performed using a commercial system. The prevalence of HPV infection was 63.3%. Of the 47 genotyped samples, 40.4% was found positive for high risk-HPV 16 and 12.8% for high risk-HPV 52. HPV infection was predominant in the group of women with no incidence of cytological abnormalities and more prevalent in women of reproductive age, unmarried, low education level, and who reported use condoms during sexual intercourse. It was observed an association between HPV infection and independent variables, such as condom use, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted diseases. High-risk types of HPV infection were prevalent in our study. Infection with multiple high-risk HPV genotypes may potentiate the development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women.

Carriage of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in male subjects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sya Forazoun Bienvenue Tamini ◽  
Theodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon ◽  
Serge Theophile Soubeiga ◽  
Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma ◽  
Ina Marie Angele Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a public health problem in Africa because of its frequency and its various consequences in both men and women. In Burkina Faso, there is little data on the carriage of HPV infection in male subjects. This study aimed to determine the carriage of HPV infection in male subjects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to September 2016. During this study period, a total of 124 male subjects who gave informed consent were recruited as part of a fertility assessment. Semen samples were analyzed by Real- Time PCR using Real TM Quant High Risk Screen HPV kit to detect 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. The Chi square test was used for comparisons.Results Of the 124 male subjects, 22 were positive for at least one high-risk HPV, with a prevalence of 17.7%. HPV 56 was the most represented genotype with a frequency of 20%, followed by HPV 39 (11%) and HPV 68 (11%), HPV 16 (8%). The genotypes HPV 18, HPV33, HPV35, HPV51 and HPV52 also had the same frequency of 6% each and the HPV 31, 45, 59 and 66 had the same frequency of 3% each. Of the 22 positive cases, 10 were multiple infections. Spermocytogram of patients showed at least one abnormality in 87.9% of cases. Necrozoospermia and oligozoospermia were the most abnormalities observed with 42% and 40% respectively followed by asthenospermia (18%); teratozoospermia (16%) and azoospermia (14%).Conclusion This study showed that like women, men are infected by HPV with a relatively high prevalence. In addition, the predominant genotypes in the male subjects of this study are not those targeted by the HPV vaccines available in our countries. Hence the need to reinforce the strategies for controlling HPV infection and HPV prophylactic vaccination for young boys.

scholarly journals High-risk human papilloma virus infection and cervical neoplasm in female inflammatory bowel disease patients: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Qing-Fan Yang ◽  
Qian Cao ◽  
Jian Tang ◽  
Yu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background and aim This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, especially types 16 and 18, and cervical neoplasia in female Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods From July 2014 to January 2017, sexually active, female, Chinese IBD patients (21–60 years) and age-matched controls underwent cervical ThinPrep cytology testing (TCT) and high-risk HPV-DNA detection, and completed questionnaires about awareness of cervical cancer and HPV. Cervical dysplasia was categorized as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 2 and 3. Results Of 124 IBD patients (30 ulcerative colitis and 94 Crohn’s disease), 17 (13.7%) had high-risk HPV among whom 9 (7.3%) had HPV 16/18 infection and 4 (3.2%) had cervical CIN (3 CIN 3, 1 CIN 1) by pathology. Among 372 controls, 33 (8.9%) had high-risk HPV and only 1 (0.3%) had HPV 16 infection. Cervical TCT detected atypical squamous cells of unknown significance in one control; no control had CIN. The HPV 16/18 infection rate and CIN prevalence were significantly higher in IBD patients than controls (both P < 0.001). The HPV-infection rate was higher in patients administered methotrexate [P = 0.005, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 4.76 (1.471–15.402)] or more than two immunosuppressants [P = 0.013, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 3.64 (1.255–10.562)]. Thiopurine, steroid, infliximab and disease behavior/location were not associated with HPV infection. Only 29.3% of patients had undergone cervical-cancer screening. Awareness of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical cancer was poor (28.2%). Conclusions Female IBD patients are at increased risk of high-risk HPV infection and cervical neoplasia, which may be associated with immunosuppressants. Education and routine follow-up with HPV-DNA testing and TCT are recommended, especially in female Chinese IBD patients.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among working women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-722
Author(s):  
Sajeda Khatun ◽  
Ashees Kumar Saha ◽  
Irtiza Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Arifa Sultana ◽  
Mst Wazeda Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the causes of cervical cancer which is preventable. The study was a cross-sectional study with the objective was to determine the Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among working women. A total 236 educated working women were selected purposively from different working places in Dhaka city. A pretested semi- structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The knowledge was assessed by using modified Blooms cut off points which was developed with cervical cancer and vaccine knowledge related questions. The study result revealed that among 236 working women 71.2% knew about the risk factor of cervical cancer. It was found that 92.8% knew about the way of prevention of cervical cancer respectively. The overall knowledge on cervical cancer and vaccine was found to be having good knowledge 21.2%, satisfactory knowledge 41.9% and poor knowledge 36.9%. Out of the total working women only 5.1% had HPV vaccination coverage. Reason behind non vaccinations, 50% mentioned had no knowledge about vaccine, 35.3% mentioned can’t decide and 8.9% mentioned high cost of vaccine. Significant association has been observed in between vaccination coverage with over all knowledge of cervical cancer (p value .04). It may be concluded that HPV vaccination coverage is very low which needs awareness program on this issues through mass media, educational session, counseling and so on to reduce human papillomavirus associated cancers as well as economic burden. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 714-722

scholarly journals Detection of sexually transmitted pathogens and co-infection with human papillomavirus in women residing in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10793
Author(s):  
Ongeziwe Taku ◽  
Adrian Brink ◽  
Tracy L. Meiring ◽  
Keletso Phohlo ◽  
Charles B. Businge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Background South African women of reproductive age have a high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, there is limited information on the prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens in women from rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The study aims at determining the prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens and co-infection with high-risk (HR) HPV among women from rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Methods A total of 205 cervical specimens were collected from women aged ≥ 30 years from a rural community-based clinic. The samples were tested for a panel of pathogenic STIs [Chlamydia trachomatis (serovars A-K & L1-L3), Haemophilus ducreyi, Herpes Simplex Virus (Types 1 & 2), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and pathobionts [Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH) and Ureaplasma spp. (UP)] using a multiplex PCR STD direct flow chip assay through a manual Hybrispot platform (Master Diagnostica, Granada, Spain). HR-HPV detection was performed by Hybrid Capture-2 assay. Results High-risk HPV prevalence was 32.2% (66/205) and HIV-1 prevalence was 38.5% (79/205). The overall prevalence of six pathogenic STIs was 22.9% (47/205), with TV having the highest prevalence (15.6%; 32/205). UP (70.2%, 144/205) and MH (36.6%, 75/205) were the most frequently detected pathobionts. Co-infection with ≥ 2 pathogens pathobionts was observed among 52.7% (108/205) participants. Of the six pathogenic STIs, three participants had more than one STI (1.46%) with the presence of MH and UP. HSV-2 (OR: 4.17, CI [1.184–14.690]) and HIV infection (OR: 2.11, CI [1.145–3.873]) were independent STIs associated with HR-HPV infection. Conclusions The high prevalence of pathogenic STIs underscores the need to improve syndromic management policy by implementing effective strategies of prevention, screening tests, and management. HSV-2 and HIV positive remain strongly associated with HR-HPV infection.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus infection rate, distribution characteristics, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Shen ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Huihui Li ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Sanping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background The incidence rate of cervical cancer is increasing yearly. The persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main factor leading to cervical cancer. HPV infection is double peak type. This study aimed at analyzing the HPV distribution characteristics, infection rate, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women. So as to provide reference for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer screening strategy. Methods A retrospective analysis of 4614 women who underwent cervical cytology, and HPV examination from January 2018 to October 2019 at the healthcare department of Wuhan Union Hospital was done. We explored the characteristics and distribution of HPV infections around the menopause, then comparing the infection rate of HPV in postmenopause and over 65 years old, in order to analyze the influence of different ages on HPV infection. Results Generally, the HPV infection rate was 13.10% (539/4115), whereby the high-risk subtype constituted 73.84% (398/539) of all positive cases. On the other hand, the HPV39 infection was more common in postmenopausal women; however, there was no significant difference in the distribution of the other types in the pre- and postmenopausal women. The first four types were 52/53/58/16. The results further showed that the rates of HPV infection before and after menopause were 12.34% (367/2975) and 15.09% (172/1140), respectively, which had no significant difference (P = 0.056), but more susceptible to high-risk HPV infection after the age of 65 (P = 0.041). Except for 40 years old to menopause, the infection rate of high-risk HPV in this age group was different from that in postmenopause (P = 0.023, 0.729 (0.555, 0.957)), other age groups had no significant effect on high-risk HPV infection. Conclusions It was concluded that whether menopause has nothing to do with HPV infection. Moreover, the risk of high-risk HPV infection in women aged 40 to premenopausal is relatively low, but the infection rate increases after 65. Hence the cutoff screening age should be appropriately prolonged.

scholarly journals Vaginal microbiota and human papillomavirus infection among young Swedish women

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqin Cheng ◽  
Johanna Norenhag ◽  
Yue O. O. Hu ◽  
Nele Brusselaers ◽  
Emma Fransson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. To define the HPV-associated microbial community among a high vaccination coverage population, we carried out a cross-sectional study with 345 young Swedish women. The microbial composition and its association with HPV infection, including 27 HPV types, were analyzed. Microbial alpha-diversity was found significantly higher in the HPV-infected group (especially with oncogenic HPV types and multiple HPV types), compared with the HPV negative group. The vaginal microbiota among HPV-infected women was characterized by a larger number of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria (BVAB), Sneathia, Prevotella, and Megasphaera. In addition, the correlation analysis demonstrated that twice as many women with non-Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota were infected with oncogenic HPV types, compared with L. crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiota. The data suggest that HPV infection, especially oncogenic HPV types, is strongly associated with a non-Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota, regardless of age and vaccination status.

scholarly journals HPV self-sampling acceptability in rural and indigenous communities in Guatemala: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e029158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey R. Murchland ◽  
Anna Gottschlich ◽  
Kristin Bevilacqua ◽  
Andres Pineda ◽  
Berner Andrée Sandoval-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Hpv

IntroductionCervical cancer disproportionately burdens low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Guatemala. Self-collection testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) has been suggested as a form of cervical cancer screening to facilitate access in LMICs. This study assessed and compared the acceptability of self-collection HPV testing in two rural, indigenous and ethnically distinct communities in Guatemala: Santiago Atitlán, Sololá and Livingston, Izabal.MethodsAll participants, women between the ages of 18 and 60, completed a questionnaire. Eligible participants were also asked to self-collect a vaginal sample and complete a questionnaire regarding comfort and acceptability. Self-collected samples were tested for high-risk HPV using the real-time PCR Hybribio kit.ResultsIn the indigenous community of Santiago Atitlán, of 438 age-eligible participants, 94% completed self-collection. Of those, 81% found it comfortable and 98% were willing to use it as a form of screening. In the multiethnic (Afro-Caribbean, indigenous) community of Livingston, of 322 age-eligible participants, 53% chose to self-collect. Among those who took the test, 83% found it comfortable and 95% were willing to use it as a form of screening. In Livingston, literacy (can read and/or write vs cannot read or write) was higher in women who chose to self-collect (prevalence ratio 2.25; 95% CI 1.38 to 3.68). Ethnicity, history of screening and reproductive history were not associated with willingness to self-collect in Livingston. Women in Santiago reported less prior use of healthcare than women in Livingston. Overall, 19% (106/549) of samples tested positive for high-risk HPV.ConclusionAmong women willing to self-collect in rural and indigenous communities in Guatemala, self-collection for HPV testing is highly acceptable. However, willingness to try self-collection might vary across communities and settings. Women from a community that used less healthcare were more likely to choose self-collection. Further research is necessary to determine what factors influence a woman’s choice to self-collect.

Human Papillomavirus and Pap Smear

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Indra Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Pap Smear Screening ◽  
High Risk Hpv

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and viral persistence is a major risk factor in the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive carcinoma of the cervix. In the United States, deaths due to squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix have fallen by 75% since the 1960s because of Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening. However, the traditional Pap had a sensitivity of about 70% for detecting clinically significant precancerous lesions and cancer because of sampling and interpretive errors. The introduction of 2 liquid-based Pap smear collection systems in the 1990s, the use of HPV testing as a triage and co-testing with Pap smear, and the introduction of 2 automated screening devices have had a significant impact on improving the detection of such precancerous lesions. This review provides an analysis of the changes in Pap smear collection, improvements in screening, the evolutionary changes of high-risk HPV testing, reporting terminology of Pap smears, and clinical management guidelines. The future impact of 2 prophylactic HPV vaccines on the incidence of cervical carcinoma is also discussed. This article also discusses alternatives such as primary screening for high-risk HPV testing with visual inspection for cervical cancer detection used in resource-poor settings with a high incidence of cervical cancer.

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