scholarly journals The Effect of Ecological Factors on Cats’ Weight in Tehran - First Phase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Effects

Abstract Urban cats live in cities like humans and humans affect their life intentionally or unintentionally. Waste production is only one of the human effects on the urban cat ecosystem. The waste produced by human supply some of the food needed by urban cats. This descriptive - estimation research is the first study in the world to measure the cats’ weight to investigate the effect of the increase or decrease in urban wastes on physical status of cats. In the first phase of the research (Spring 2016-Winter 2017) in Tehran, we found that the average volume of the collected wastes had increased by 14% and the average weight of cats in the mentioned period had increased 1%. The 9.5% decrease in the waste volume in Autumn 2016 had led to the decrease in the average weight of cats in Winter 2017. The male cats were more affected by the decrease in waste volume.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ecological Factors on Cats’ Weight in Tehran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Effects

Abstract Some animals live in cities like humans. So, humans affect their life intentionally or unintentionally. Waste production is only one of the human effects on the urban ecosystem. The waste produced by human supply some of the food needed by urban cats. This research is the first study in the world to measure the cats’ weight to investigate the effect of the increase or decrease in urban wastes on physical status of cats. In the first phase of the research (Spring 2016-Winter 2017) in Tehran, we found that the average volume of the collected wastes had increased by 14% and it had led to a 1% increase in the average weight of cats in the mentioned period. The 9.5% decrease in the waste volume in Autumn 2016 had led to the decrease in the average weight of cats in Winter 2017. The male cats were more affected by the decrease in waste volume.

scholarly journals Sustainable Concrete Application in the Manufacture of University Urban Furniture

2019 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Mónica Bedoya ◽  
Federico Rivera ◽  
María Rico ◽  
David Vélez ◽  
Andrés Urrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Elements ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Construction And Demolition Wastes ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
The University ◽  
Community Diagnosis

It is clear that construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are constantly increasing throughout the world and these wastes can be used effectively to minimize the consumption of natural resources in the manufacture of more sustainable concrete. The CDW occupy an important segment of world waste production and its generation reached approximately 3 billion tons in 2012 in 40 countries [1]. Although this topic has been studied in the world, it is still valid for the reuse of waste that is constantly increasing, and although in many countries there are already examples of its use this type of concrete in Colombia and in the Medellìn city lacks applications. This project proposes the application of a sustainable concrete made with CDW and coal ash in the Medellín city for its implementation in the construction of urban furniture. A university community diagnosis of the needs in terms of furnishing was made. With the design reached, a modular chair was proposed to enable spaces within the university. The mechanical characteristics of the concrete and the design of the chair are evaluated and a simulation is done through finite elements to evaluate the viability of the proposed concrete, finding that with these properties is possible to manufacture durable and sustainable furniture that serves as an example for the application of sustainable materials

scholarly journals Reduction of work accidents through the implementation of containers for solid waste collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Nailson Diniz Dos Santos ◽  
Tomi Zlatar ◽  
Felipe Mendes Da Cruz ◽  
Béda Barkokébas Junior ◽  
Eliane Maria Gorga Lago
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
World Population ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Accidents

The activity of waste collection is fundamental for preserving human health and the environment. As the world population increases, so does the waste production, consequently leading to a higher number of professionals involved in the collection activity. The objective of this study was to identify the main causes of accidents in urban waste collection and to verify if the implementation of containers would reduce the number of accidents in the sector. The causes were identified by analyzing accidents in two waste-collection companies for 4 years. Company A had 3,859 employees with 756 registered accident cases, while company B had 2020 workers with 189 cases. In total, it was analyzed 945 accident cases from urban waste collection. One municipality from company A which implemented the highest number of containers was studied thoroughly to verify if the implementation of containers reduces the number of accidents. The analysis shows that the household collection had the highest accident rate, with 65.61%. Sharp materials and falls were the leading causes of accidents, representing 53% in the company A and 62% in the company B. After containers implementation, the number of accidents caused by sharp materials and falls decreased from 37 without the container in 2014, to 18 with the container in 2015, and 11 with the container in 2016. It was concluded that the implementation of containers improves occupational safety and health during the urban cleaning process. Further studies should be conducted in order to improve the working conditions in the urban cleaning sector.

scholarly journals DEPLESI SUMBER DAYA IKAN TUNA DAN CAKALANG DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Maulana Firdaus ◽  
Akhmad Fauzi ◽  
A Faroby Falatehan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Surplus Production ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
Surplus Production Model ◽  
The World

ABSTRAKTuna dan cakalang memiliki potensi ekonomi yang besar di Indonesia. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua komoditas ini telah menunjukkan gejala over fishing di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi seberapa besar deplesi ikan tuna dan cakalang di Indonesia. Deplesi sumber daya dihitung melalui perkiraan stok dan tingkat hasil lestari dengan menggunakan model produksi surplus dan estimasi parameter menggunakan metoda Clarke Yoshimoto Pooley (CYP). Nilai deplesi diperoleh dari perkalian volume deplesi dengan unit rent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa volume rata-rata deplesi sumber daya ikan tuna dan cakalang pada periode 1992-2015 adalah (-) 2.828 ton per tahun. Rata-rata nilai deplesi sumber daya ikan tuna dan cakalang menunjukkan angka negatif, yaitu (-) Rp131,89 miliar per tahun. Nilai negatif ini menunjukkan bahwa selama periode 1992-2015, stok sumber daya ikan tuna dan cakalang mengalami penurunan sebesar 2.828 ton per tahun dengan nilai potensi kerugian atau kehilangan akibat penurunan stok yang mencapai Rp131,89 miliar per tahun.Title: Tuna And Skipjack Resources Depletion In IndonesiaABSTRACTTuna and Skipjack has a great economic potential in Indonesia. Several studies have shown that these commodities have symptomed of over-fishing in the world, including Indonesia. This study aims to estimate the extent of tuna and skipjack depletion in Indonesia. Resource depletion is calculated through stock estimates and sustainable yield levels using surplus production model and parameter estimation of Clark Yoshimoto Pooley (CYP) method. Depletion value is obtained from multiplication of depletion volume with unit rent. Results of the study showed that the average volume of depletion of tuna and skipjack resources in the period 1992-2015 was (-) 2,828 tons per year. The average value of tuna and skipjack resource depletion showed negative numbers, ie (-) IDR 131.89 billion per year. This negative value indicates that during the period 1992-2015, the stock of tuna and skipjack fish resources decreased by 2.828 tons per year with the potential value of loss or loss due to a decrease in stock which reached IDR131,89 billion per year. 

scholarly journals Waste production and waste management in the EU

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
S Matušková ◽  
M Taušová ◽  
L Domaracká ◽  
P Tauš
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constant Growth ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The constant growth of the population increases the demands on raw material resources, which is reflected in increasing pressure on the environment. The impact of mankind on the environment is nowadays an increasingly acute problem, which is being addressed by the governments of individual countries, not only the EU, through legislative interventions. The most addressed areas are the issue of production and subsequent waste management. Waste production in the world has been growing for a long time, which causes considerable problems for individual countries. Each country is currently looking for the optimal way of waste management to reuse it as secondary raw material. In this paper, we analysed twenty-eight EU countries in terms of production and waste management and found significant differences between countries. We looked for factors that lead to different results between countries in the production and management of waste, based on the population, the size of the country to the indicators of living standards, and legislation applicable to those countries.

ECOLOGICAL FACTORS OF THE NORTHERN REGION AND HIGHLAND ZONE INFLUENCE ON YIELD FORMATION OF EARLY MATURING POTATOES VARIETIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Е. V. Oves ◽  
Е. V. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
June July

The aim of the research was to study the yield indicators of 36 early maturing potato varieties in the northern region (Arkhangelsk region) and the highlands of the North Caucasus (an altitude of 2500 m above sea level). The experimental work was carried out in 2015–2020. The characteristic features of the northern region are the light period (up to 21 hours in June – July), which contributes to an increase in the duration of the interphase periods of plant development, in the highlands – a short light period (14 hours), a sharp temperature drop in the daytime (15.1 – 25.8 °С) and night (7.8 – 15.2 ° C) hours, intense solar insolation. The peat-podzolic-gley soils of the northern region were characterized by a lower humus content (3.7%) and a high content of potassium (240 – 267 mg / kg) in comparison with the mountain meadow subalpine soils of the highlands (6.7% and 102 – 120 mg / kg, respectively). Potatoes were planted in early June and harvested in early September, 25 tubers of each variety according to the scheme 0.7×0.3 m, the area of the registration plot was 5.25 m². Using the methods of cluster and discriminant analyzes, the varieties were grouped and the most productive genotypes were identified by a set of indicators: the multiplication factor, plant productivity and the average tuber weight. In the northern region, the best varieties were Gulliver, Udacha, Krepysh, Solist, Leader, Darenka, Breeze, Red Lady, Riviera and Vineta, which formed from 8.1 to 11.4 tubers per plant with an average weight of 37.0 – 67.9 g and productivity 400 – 633 g. In the highlands, the most productive varieties were Gulliver, Yakutyanka, Yugana, Darenka, Leader, Breeze, Red Lady, Impala and Rosara, which formed from 11.8 to 19.8 tubers per plant with an average weight of  56.5 – 70, 6 g and productivity 830 – 1140 g.

scholarly journals Geomorphology of a Holocene Hurricane Deposit Eroded from Rhyolite Sea Cliffs on Ensenada Almeja (Baja California Sur, Mexico)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markes E. Johnson ◽  
Rigoberto Guardado-France ◽  
Erlend M. Johnson ◽  
Jorge Ledesma-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Layered Rock ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Ring Configuration ◽  
The World

This work advances research on the role of hurricanes in degrading the rocky coastline within Mexico’s Gulf of California, most commonly formed by widespread igneous rocks. Under evaluation is a distinct coastal boulder bed (CBB) derived from banded rhyolite with boulders arrayed in a partial-ring configuration against one side of the headland on Ensenada Almeja (Clam Bay) north of Loreto. Preconditions related to the thickness of rhyolite flows and vertical fissures that intersect the flows at right angles along with the specific gravity of banded rhyolite delimit the size, shape and weight of boulders in the Almeja CBB. Mathematical formulae are applied to calculate the wave height generated by storm surge impacting the headland. The average weight of the 25 largest boulders from a transect nearest the bedrock source amounts to 1200 kg but only 30% of the sample is estimated to exceed a full metric ton in weight. The wave height calculated to move those boulders is close to 8 m. Additional localities with CBBs composed of layered rock types such as basalt and andesite are proposed for future studies within the Gulf of California. Comparisons with selected CBBs in other parts of the world are made.

scholarly journals Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Optimization to Produce Fuel Grade Using Factorial Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 13005
Author(s):  
Renanto Pandu Wirawan ◽  
Farizal
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fuel Pyrolysis

Indonesia is one of the biggest plastic waste production in the world. The government targets to reach 20% for recycling plastic waste in 2019. One alternative to manage plastic waste is using pyrolysis to produce fuel. Pyrolysis is used to degrade the plastic long chain of polymer molecules into smaller molecules. All type of plastic except polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were used in this study to produce fuel. For the purpose, experiment factorial design was used for the optimisation plastic type, residence time, and temperature to maximise the yield of liquid products of the pyrolysis process. In this study 2k factorial design was used for each factor. The result shows that the pyrolysis process used is able to produce diesel like fuel in low temperature.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON CONTENT OF PHYTONUTRIENTS IN INDUSTRIAL TOMATOES

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Sz. Ráth ◽  
M. Égei ◽  
K. Horváth ◽  
B. Andryie ◽  
H. G. Daood
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicon ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Precipitation

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicon L.) are one of the most important and most widely consumed vegetables in the world. The fruit contains considerable amount of different phytonutrients such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and vitamin C. In the present work, effects of some abiotic factors on the concentration of phytonutrients were investigated in tomato cultivated in two different types of soil. It was found that the type of soil had slight effect on the most important vital nutrients, while the ecological factors, particularly precipitation and average temperature 3 weeks before harvest, were of significant influence on such nutrients. It was found that low temperature and high precipitation before harvest caused the levels of carotenoids, tocopherol, and vitamin C to significantly increase by 65%, 46%, and 28%, respectively.

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