scholarly journals Food Groups Intake in Relation to Stunting Among Exceptional Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak ◽  
Shima Moradi ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
Ahmad Esmailzadeh ◽  
Roghayeh Mostafai
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Exceptional Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Abstract Background Although several studies have examined the link between different food groups intake and stunting among children, no study, to our knowledge, was done on exceptional children. The aim of this study was assessed the association of dietary intake and stunting in Iranian exceptional children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 470 exceptional children (226 mentally retarded, 182 deaf and 62 blind children), aged 5–15 years. Height was measured using standard tool. Stunting was defined as height-for-age z-score of <-1. A validated dietary habit questionnaire was applied to assess dietary intakes.Results Mean age of children was 10.02 ± 2.04 years. Stunting was prevalent among 50.6% of children. Compared with children in the lowest category of dairy consumption, those in the highest category had lower odds of stunting. This association remained significant even after adjusting for covariates (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.87). In addition, moderate consumption of egg (1–3 time/wk) was inversely associated with stunting either before or after controlling for potential confounders (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21–0.64). Such finding was also seen among mentally retarded children (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.89). No other significant association was seen between intakes of other food groups (including meat, fruits and vegetables) and stunting.Conclusion We found that higher intake of dairy products and egg was associated with lower risk of stunting. However, intakes of other food groups including meat, fruits and vegetables were not significantly related to stunting.

scholarly journals Dietary intakes of an Algerian pregnant women population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Amina BAYAZID ◽  
◽  
Wahiba HAMMOULIA ◽  
Fatiha LAROUCI
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Vit C

Introduction. Nutrition during pregnancy has a significant impact on women health, but also on the long-term health of their offspring. There are a few national data on the usual dietary intake of pregnant women. Objective. To assess the nutritional intake of pregnant population by the 24-hour dietary recall method repeated over 3 days. Population and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire among 100 pregnant women receiving prenatal care at a major mother and child specialized hospital in the Wilaya of Sidi-Bel-Abbés (Algeria). Results. The average intakes of energy, fats and carbohydrates were lower than the recommendations, while those of proteins and dietary fibers were higher. In most women, protein needs were covered whereas carbohydrates and lipids needs were not covered. Proteins represented 16.7%, carbohydrate 55.1% and lipids 28.2% of total energy intake (TEI). Contribution of food groups to TEI was as follows: cereal-based products 23.5%, fruits and vegetables 15.2%, dairy products 15%, sweet products 14.7% and meats 12.6%. Average intakes observed in micronutrients were lower than nutritional requirements, except for vitamins (Vit.) C, B6, B12, beta-carotene, and retinol. More than 40% of women were below the recommendations for Vit. C, D, A, E, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, magnesium, calcium and iron. Conclusion. Pregnancy is a privileged moment for carrying out awareness raising actions in nutrition area. Therefore, it should be used to provide advice in favor of a healthy diet and maintaining physical activity in this population.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and Geographic Pattern of Food Consumption and Dietary Diversity among Children Aged 6–23 Months Old in Ghana

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Isaac Anane ◽  
Fengying Nie ◽  
Jiaqi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Consumption

Dietary inadequacy is a major challenge among young children in Ghana. Nutritional policies are required for optimum child nutrition and development. This study explored food consumption and dietary diversity by socioeconomic status and geographical location among children aged 6–23 months in Ghana. We used the latest national representative, cross-sectional data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS-2014). A total of 887 children aged 6–23 months were used in the final analysis. The survey collected data on children’s food consumption through their mothers in the 24 h recall method. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between socioeconomic status and geographical location with food consumption and adequate dietary diversity after adjusting for control variables. The study revealed an association between specific food item consumption, food groups, and dietary diversity by socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. However, dairy consumption increased faster than other nutritional foods when socioeconomic status increased. Furthermore, the study revealed that children’s chances of consuming particular food items and food groups differed across Ghana’s 10 regions. The average probabilities of consuming adequate dietary diversity between the Greater Accra region and Ashanti region were 43% vs. 8% (p < 0.001). Consumption of grains, root, and tubers were relatively higher but low for Vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables and legumes and nuts for children aged 6–23 months in Ghana. Overall, the mean dietary diversity score was low (3.39; 95% CI: 3.30–3.49) out of eight food groups, and the prevalence of adequate dietary diversity was 22% only. There is a need for policy interventions to ensure appropriate dietary practices to promote healthy growth of children.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on stress perceived by families of mentally retarded children enrolled in special schools of a city of central India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Chourasiya ◽  
Anil Baghel ◽  
Saket Kale ◽  
Arpit Verma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Central India ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Background: Presently we are passing through a phase in the area of rehabilitation where in efforts are being made to spread services and training programs to raise awareness level related to mainstreaming and provision of equal rights and opportunity for the mentally retarded individuals. The present study was undertaken keeping in view the fact that an increasing number of children are being diagnosed with mental retardation parallelly an increase number of families will have to address and cope with the stress. The objective of the study was to study the stress perceived by the families having mentally retarded children and to find out the various factors influencing the perceived stressMethods: 100 families and102 mentally retarded children were studied. Section I of family interview for stress and coping in mental retardation (FISC-MR) was used to find out the family burden of care.Results: 47.97% of fathers and 68% of mothers are in the age group of 30-40 years. The severity of retardation was mild in 36 children, moderate in 46 children while 20 had severe retardation, 32% of mother feel mild stress of which 59.3% having education level up to degree college. 61% of mother showing moderate stress of which 68.8% having education level up to degree college. (67.3%) nuclear families show mild stress while only 22 (52.3%) joint families show mild stress.Conclusions: Living with and caring for the person with MR is very stressful and burdensome. High level of stress and burden is associated with increased level of disability; it being the maximum in the caregivers of persons with severe to profound Mental Retardation.

scholarly journals Stress among Parents of Children with Mental Retardation

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Farjana ◽  
Runa Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Score ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
And Gender

Mental retardation is one of the most prevalent developmental disabilities of the children globally. Family is the main source of support for those disable children in any society. Parents experience enormous physical and mental stress to tackle the mentally retarded children. This present comparative cross-sectional study tried to compare difference of mental and physical stress between the parents of children with mental retardation and the parents of children with no mental retardation. It included 220 parents, 110 of whom had children with mental retardation and another 110 parents of children with no mental retardation. To assess stress, A Quick Stress Assessment Test (QSAT) (Vaz, 1995) was used, which comprised two parts: physical and mental, former with 19 items and latter with 21 items. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS software. To check differences of stress scores and gender differences of stress,‘t’ test and ‘?2’ tests were applied as required. The study revealed that the parents of children with mental retardation (PCMR) shared significantly greater stress score (34.27) than the parents of children with no mental retardation (PCNR) (21.66), [t(218)= 2.63, p=0.001]. Mental stress score was significantly higher among PCMR (33.57) than the PCNR (26.46) [t(218)= 3.87; p=0.002] while physical stress score was insignificantly higher among PCMR (20.43) than the PCNR (18.66). Majority of the parents with mentally retarded children (71.4% mothers and 67.5% fathers) had higher mental stress than physical stress [?2 (1)=22 43, p=0.024]. Mothers had significantly higher mental stress score than the fathers of mentally retarded children [‘t’(109), p=0.025]. Special measures like early diagnosis, prompt treatment and counseling for mental and physical stress of the parents along with provision of need based rehabilitation services for the mentally retarded children at different levels to reduce the stress burden of their parents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i1.13354 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 01 January’13 pp.74-80

scholarly journals The Australian Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (OzFITS) 2021: Study Design, Methods and Sample Description

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4524
Author(s):  
Najma A. Moumin ◽  
Rebecca K. Golley ◽  
Chelsea E. Mauch ◽  
Maria Makrides ◽  
Tim J. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes

(1) Background: Caregiver feeding practices during the first two years of a child’s life influence nutrition, growth, and development, as well as long term taste preferences and dietary patterns. Suboptimal feeding practices lead to poorer health outcomes, such as obesity, that persist into adulthood. Although the importance of early life nutrition is well-established, there are no Australia-wide surveys of dietary intakes of children under two years of age. The 2021 Australian Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (OzFITS) aims to fill this gap. This paper describes the methods and study sample of OzFITS 2021. (2) Methods: OzFITS 2021 is a cross-sectional study of children aged 0 to 23.9 months of age and their caregiver across Australia. Data were collected between April 2020 and April 2021. A telephone-based survey was completed with a caregiver to obtain information on child and caregiver characteristics and feeding practices. For exclusively breastfed infants, the number of breastfeeds in a 24 h period was reported. Dietary intakes for mixed fed children were estimated using a one-day food record, with 30% of caregivers completing a second food record on a non-consecutive day. (3) Results: We enrolled 1140 caregiver and child dyads. Of those eligible to complete a food record, 853 (87%) completed the food record. Compared to the Australian population, caregivers were more likely to be university-educated (>75%), married or in a de facto relationship (94%), and have a household income >$100,000/y (60%). (4) Conclusions: OzFITS 2021 is the first national study to examine food and nutrient intake in Australian children aged under 2 years. The study will provide information on breastfeeding rates and duration, use of breast milk substitutes, and timing of solid food introduction. Dietary intake data will allow the comparison of core food groups and discretionary food intake to Australian guidelines and estimate the prevalence of inadequate intake of key nutrients, like iron. Healthcare practitioners and policymakers can use the study findings as a source of evidence to inform the next iteration of infant feeding guidelines.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

Relationship Between Nutrient Intake and Vitamin D Status in Osteoporotic Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
de Souza Genaro ◽  
de Paiva Pereira ◽  
de Medeiros Pinheiro ◽  
Szejnfeld ◽  
Araújo Martini
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Records

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and optimizing bone health. Its inadequacy is related to many factors including dietary intake. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and its relationship with nutrient intakes in postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study comprised 45 free-living and assisted elderly at São Paulo Hospital. Three-day dietary records were used to assess dietary intakes. Bone mineral density was measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA). Blood and urine sample were collected for analysis of biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Insufficiency of vitamin D was observed in 24.4% of the women and optimal levels (≥ 50 nmol/L) were observed in 75.6%. Parathyroid hormone was above the reference range in 51% of the participants. The mean calcium (724 mg/day) and vitamin D (4.2 μ g/day) intakes were lower than the value proposed by The Food and Nutrition Board and sodium intake was more than two-fold above the recommendation. Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D were inversely associated with sodium intake. Dietary strategies to improve serum vitamin D must focus on increasing vitamin D intake and should take a reduction of sodium intake into consideration.

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