scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on stress perceived by families of mentally retarded children enrolled in special schools of a city of central India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Chourasiya ◽  
Anil Baghel ◽  
Saket Kale ◽  
Arpit Verma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Central India ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Background: Presently we are passing through a phase in the area of rehabilitation where in efforts are being made to spread services and training programs to raise awareness level related to mainstreaming and provision of equal rights and opportunity for the mentally retarded individuals. The present study was undertaken keeping in view the fact that an increasing number of children are being diagnosed with mental retardation parallelly an increase number of families will have to address and cope with the stress. The objective of the study was to study the stress perceived by the families having mentally retarded children and to find out the various factors influencing the perceived stressMethods: 100 families and102 mentally retarded children were studied. Section I of family interview for stress and coping in mental retardation (FISC-MR) was used to find out the family burden of care.Results: 47.97% of fathers and 68% of mothers are in the age group of 30-40 years. The severity of retardation was mild in 36 children, moderate in 46 children while 20 had severe retardation, 32% of mother feel mild stress of which 59.3% having education level up to degree college. 61% of mother showing moderate stress of which 68.8% having education level up to degree college. (67.3%) nuclear families show mild stress while only 22 (52.3%) joint families show mild stress.Conclusions: Living with and caring for the person with MR is very stressful and burdensome. High level of stress and burden is associated with increased level of disability; it being the maximum in the caregivers of persons with severe to profound Mental Retardation.

scholarly journals Stress among Parents of Children with Mental Retardation

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Farjana ◽  
Runa Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Score ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
And Gender

Mental retardation is one of the most prevalent developmental disabilities of the children globally. Family is the main source of support for those disable children in any society. Parents experience enormous physical and mental stress to tackle the mentally retarded children. This present comparative cross-sectional study tried to compare difference of mental and physical stress between the parents of children with mental retardation and the parents of children with no mental retardation. It included 220 parents, 110 of whom had children with mental retardation and another 110 parents of children with no mental retardation. To assess stress, A Quick Stress Assessment Test (QSAT) (Vaz, 1995) was used, which comprised two parts: physical and mental, former with 19 items and latter with 21 items. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS software. To check differences of stress scores and gender differences of stress,‘t’ test and ‘?2’ tests were applied as required. The study revealed that the parents of children with mental retardation (PCMR) shared significantly greater stress score (34.27) than the parents of children with no mental retardation (PCNR) (21.66), [t(218)= 2.63, p=0.001]. Mental stress score was significantly higher among PCMR (33.57) than the PCNR (26.46) [t(218)= 3.87; p=0.002] while physical stress score was insignificantly higher among PCMR (20.43) than the PCNR (18.66). Majority of the parents with mentally retarded children (71.4% mothers and 67.5% fathers) had higher mental stress than physical stress [?2 (1)=22 43, p=0.024]. Mothers had significantly higher mental stress score than the fathers of mentally retarded children [‘t’(109), p=0.025]. Special measures like early diagnosis, prompt treatment and counseling for mental and physical stress of the parents along with provision of need based rehabilitation services for the mentally retarded children at different levels to reduce the stress burden of their parents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i1.13354 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 01 January’13 pp.74-80

scholarly journals Food Groups Intake in Relation to Stunting Among Exceptional Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak ◽  
Shima Moradi ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
Ahmad Esmailzadeh ◽  
Roghayeh Mostafai
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Exceptional Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Abstract Background Although several studies have examined the link between different food groups intake and stunting among children, no study, to our knowledge, was done on exceptional children. The aim of this study was assessed the association of dietary intake and stunting in Iranian exceptional children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 470 exceptional children (226 mentally retarded, 182 deaf and 62 blind children), aged 5–15 years. Height was measured using standard tool. Stunting was defined as height-for-age z-score of <-1. A validated dietary habit questionnaire was applied to assess dietary intakes.Results Mean age of children was 10.02 ± 2.04 years. Stunting was prevalent among 50.6% of children. Compared with children in the lowest category of dairy consumption, those in the highest category had lower odds of stunting. This association remained significant even after adjusting for covariates (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.87). In addition, moderate consumption of egg (1–3 time/wk) was inversely associated with stunting either before or after controlling for potential confounders (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21–0.64). Such finding was also seen among mentally retarded children (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.89). No other significant association was seen between intakes of other food groups (including meat, fruits and vegetables) and stunting.Conclusion We found that higher intake of dairy products and egg was associated with lower risk of stunting. However, intakes of other food groups including meat, fruits and vegetables were not significantly related to stunting.

scholarly journals Household Factors Associated with Underweight in Children 24-59 Month in Urban and Rural in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Andini Retno Yunitasari ◽  
Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika ◽  
Asih Setiarini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The underweight still remains a public health problem for toddlers in Indonesia. The purpose of the study to identify the factors related to the underweight incident for toddlers at 24-59 months in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. This research used cross-sectional study design. This study used secondary data on the Total Diet Study-Individual Food Consumption Survey of 2014. The sample size in this study was 5165 toddlers from 24-59 months and distinguished by urban and rural areas. Bivariate Analysis used chi square. This study estimates that 20.3% of children aged 24-59 months were underweight with a greater proportion in rural areas 22.5%. Significant factors related to the underweight incidence in the urban and rural areas were the father's education level (urban; p = 0.02 and rural; p = 0.005) and mother’s education level (urban; p = 0.001 and rural; p = 0.005), number of household members (urban; p = 0.03 and rural; p = 0.012), and energy adequacy level (urban; p = 0.012 and rural; p = 0.005). The factor that was estimated to be significantly related to the underweight incidence just in rural areas as children’s age (p = 0.012), the total number of children in one house (p = 0.047). Multisectoral collaboration is needed to reduce nutritional problems, especially in rural areas. The efforts to improve community nutrition by improving the socio-economic condition of the community should be based on regional capabilities and local wisdom in the region.

scholarly journals Social Skills in Preschool Children from Teachers’ Perspectives

Children ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Maleki ◽  
Minoo Mitra Chehrzad ◽  
Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli ◽  
Abbas Mardani ◽  
Mojtaba Vaismoradi
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Teachers Perspectives

Preschool is one of the most important periods in a child’s life, and it can influence their social development. A lack of attention to this important life period can increase the risk of serious injuries to a child’s growth and development. The aim of this study was to examine the level of social skills in preschool children from teachers’ perspectives and investigate the relationship between social skills and the child’s environmental and cultural background. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 546 children studying in the preschool centers of Rasht city, Iran. They were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data was gathered using the children’s and teachers’ demographic questionnaire and the Social Skills Rating System-Teachers (SSRS-T). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis via SPSS software. It was found that the majority of children had moderate skills in terms of cooperation, assertion, self-control, and total social skills. Also, a statistically significant association was reported between total social skill scores and the mother’s age, mother’s education level, mother’s job, family’s income, teacher teaching experiences, and number of children in each classroom. The Iranian children were at a relatively low risk of problems with social skills. To improve children’s social skills, more attention should be paid to factors related to familial and socioeconomic status such as income, parents’ education level, maternal age, teacher’s selection for this age group, and number of children in each classroom.

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Iswanti ◽  
Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa ◽  
Diyanto Diyanto
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Need Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Kemandirian bukanlah keterampilan yang muncul secara tiba-tiba tetapi perlu diajarkan dan dilatih pada anak agar tidak menghambat tugas- tugas perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Terutama pada anak yang mengalami retardasi mental akan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan  dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua siswa kelas IV-VI di SLB Negeri Semarang yang berjumlah 64 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Dukungan keluarga pada anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah mendukung yaitu sebanyak 53,1%, kemandirian anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah kurang mandiri yaitu sebanyak 53,1%. Hasil uji statistik menemukan ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang, dengan p value sebesar 0,000.   Kata kunci : dukungan keluarga, kemandirian anak retardasi mental THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND THE LEVEL OF INDEPENDENCE OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN   ABSTRACT Independence is not a skill that emerges suddenly but needs to be taught and trained in children so as not to inhibit the tasks of further child development. Especially for children who are mentally retarded, they will need support from the family. Research objectives to find out the correlation between family support and the level of independence of mentally retarded children in extraordinary school State of Semarang. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of students in class IV-VI in Semarang State SLB, amounting to 64 students. The sampling technique used is total sampling. Family support for mentally retarded children was mostly supportive, as much as 53.1%, the independence of most mentally retarded children was less independent, which was as much as 53.1%. The results of statistical tests found that there was a correlation between family support and the independence of mentally retarded children in Semarang State SLB, with a p value of 0,000.   Keywords: family support, independence of mentally retarded children

STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Xuan Doan ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Study Results

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City. 2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation. Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study. Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking. Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.

Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan ◽  
Mohd Razali Salleh ◽  
Ghazali Ahmad ◽  
Zaleha Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Education

Depression and cognitive impairment are the most common complications of patients on hemodialysis. The objective of this study is to identify contributing factors to depression and cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients. This is a cross-sectional study involving 110 hemodialysis patients in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. The samples were recruited through universal sampling. Patients were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. This study found that 18.2% of patients had depression, and 48.2% had cognitive impairment. Factors associated with depression were unmarried status, low education level, and cognitive impairment. Factors associated with cognitive impairment were low education level, depression, and unemployment. Keywords: hemodialysis, depression, cognitive, ESRD eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2468.

Awareness and Knowledge of General Dental Practitioners in Central India Towards Management of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder: A Questionnaire-based Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashree Sajjanar ◽  
Minal Soni ◽  
Jaykumar Gade ◽  
Megha Agrawal ◽  
Arunkumar Basavaraj Sajjanar
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Central India ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
And Training

Introduction: Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) accounts for common Orofacial Pain (OFP) arising from musculoskeletal origins, affecting almost 80% of the overall population. The multifactorial nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose and treat and is challenging to a considerable number of General Dental Practitioners (GDPs). They’re increasingly approached by patients for advice on TMD, but little is understood about how this disorder is addressed with in primary health care. Aim: To assess the awareness and knowledge regarding management of TMDs among GDPs in Central India. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Central India, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India from 20th June 2020 to 12th December 2020, including 200 general dental practitioners, who were registered under the Dental Council of India. A questionnaire consisting of 17 questions with reference to TMDs was designed and the questionnaire was circulated through a web designed program. The responses were collected, and data were analysed descriptively using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics for windows version 24.0. Results: The mean age of the participants in the study was 24.80±1.63 years. Predominantly, participants were 164 females (82%). Among all the participants, about 181 (90.50%) of GDP’s were practicing Dentistry. The study findings suggest that the overall general practicing dentists encounter TMD cases and 162 (81%) of GDP’s treat patient at their clinic. A 76% of GDPs acknowledged the causative factor for TMD to be multifactorial and physical examination (88.50%) as the diagnostic tool. Most of the general practitioners around 126 (63%) preferred referring the patient to the specialist, maxillofacial surgeon. Among the practitioners who were confident in treating TMD, occlusal splint was the treatment of choice for 198 (96%) of the GDPs. Conclusion: Many GDPs lack standard protocol knowledge, felt insecure in TMD diagnosis, therapy decisions and treatment. There is a requirement for better quality evidence on which TMD diagnosis and treatment, including the event of a valid, reproducible patient-centered outcome measure to enable dental practitioners to feel confident in managing TMD. It is essential to train GDPs to identify individuals with TMDs through professional courses and training. It would be highly beneficial to educate the undergraduates regarding the diagnosis of TMDs in their curriculum.

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