Low Lactic Acid and Hypercholesterolemia Reduce 90-day Mortality in Patients Suffering From Septic Shock According to the Sepsis-3 Definition
Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia and lactic acid levels are associated with poor prognosis of septic shock. After the revised definition of sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3) in 2016, data on the prognostic value of lactic acid levels and hypocholesterolemia were lacked. This study aimed to evaluate whether lactic acid and cholesterol can be used to predict mortality in ICU patients suffering from septic shock.Methods: Prospective observational study, 349 patients suffering from septic shock as defined by Sepsis-3. The COX model and the binary logistic regression model evaluate the correlation between lactic acid or total cholesterol and death from septic shock, and are adjusted according to the demographics, chronic diseases, and biomarkers of the participants.Results: Total cholesterol, total protein, and albumin levels were significantly lower, and lactic acid, acute physiology, and chronic health assessment (APACHE II) were significantly higher in the surviving group compared to those in the non-surviving group. Lactate levels < 4.4 mmol/L and total cholesterol levels < 2.42 mmol/L were associated with mortality after adjusting for confounders (odd ratio, 3.06 [95% CI, 1.78-5.27] and 1.99 [95% CI, 1.15-3.46]). In multivariate analysis, urogenital origin, albumin levels < 25 g/L, age < 60 years, and APACHE II < 20 were independent risk factors for death from septic shock.Conclusions: In those suffering from septic shock, increased blood lactate levels and decreased total cholesterol levels were associated with higher mortality. Furthermore, it was found that lactic acid and total cholesterol are sensitive markers of mortality in an ICU setting.