scholarly journals The Antidiabetic and Spectral Analysis of Various Extracts of Lilium Polyphyllum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
mohd mir ◽  
waqar ashraf ◽  
priya singh
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Abstract Background The Antidiabetic and Spectral Analysis of Various Extracts of Lilium polyphyllum Methods The study involves antidiabetic and spectral analysis, in which inhibition of alpha amylase and alpha glycosidase inhibition was carried out by various extracts of Lilium polyphyllum. Results The plant showed a good inhibiting potential of amylase and glycosidase, the two key enzymes responsible for the breakdown of oligosaccharides into glucose molecules. Among the extracts the inhibition of alpha amylase was found to be 54.95% by water extract, 53.01% by ethanol extract and 47.87% by DCM extract. The percentage inhibition of alpha glucosidase was found to be 48.48% by water extract, 48.48% by ethanol extract and 43.85% by DCM extracts. GC-MS analysis involves isolation of, Methyl 2-furoate, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, Methyl piperate, Piperine, Palmitic acid, Methyl Palmitate, which in turn justifies the antidiabetic properties of the concerned plant. So the plant can act as good source of antidiabetic drug. The water extract is more beneficial than other extracts. Conclusion The inhibiting potential of natural products have been found as a good choice for the diabetic patients as they did not led to side effects. Similarly in the above study it had been found that Lilium polyphyllum posses many biosignitures which have the amylase and glycosidase inhibiting potential, among which polar components have more tendency than the less polar.

Phytochemical isolation and Anti-inflammatory properties of various extracts of Lilium polyphyllum

2021 ◽  
pp. 3195-3201
Author(s):  
M. Amin Mir ◽  
Waqar Ashraf Muhammad ◽  
Priya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methyl Palmitate ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The anti-inflammatory activity and the phytochemical analysis of Lilium polyphyllum showed that the plant does possess a large of phytochemicals which can be used solely or in combination to over the problem of inflammation. The analysis was carried out by using three solvent systems, in which it had been found that water extract possess more anti inflammation property followed by ethanol and less activity were found associated with DCM extract. The HPLC, GC-MS, 1HNMR and 13CNMR analysis showed the presence of various important phytochemicals viz, Methyl 2-furoate, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, Methyl piperate, Piperine, 7, 10-Hexadecadienoic acid methyl ester, Palmitic acid, Methyl palmitate, which are responsible wither individually or in combination for the property in reference.

scholarly journals Mitigation of free radicals and carbohydrate-linked enzymes by extracts and partitioned fractions of Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeels root

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lebohang D. Moloi ◽  
Fatai O. Balogun ◽  
Anofi O.T. Ashafa
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Background: Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeels is a medicinal plant used in folkloric medicine for the management of several metabolic and infectious diseases.Aim: This aim of this research study was to investigate the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of extracts and partitioned fractions in order to validate its folkloric use.Setting: The plant material purchased from herb sellers in Qwaqwa township, authenticated at Department of Plant Science Qwaqwa herbarium, was evaluated in the same unit of the University of the Free State.Methods: The antioxidative and antidiabetic activities of extracts and fractions were assessed with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6)-sulphonic acid, hydroxyl radicals, metal chelating agents, and α-amylase, as well as α-glucosidase inhibitions based on standard methods. The subfractions with considerable yields from the partitioned n-hexane fraction of the crude extract were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis or profiling for possible compound identification.Results: The aqueous extract showed the most effective 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radical and metal chelating activities judging by half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50: 0.573, 0.059 and 1.937 mg/mL, respectively), whilst the ethanol extract revealed maximum activity (0.017 mg/mL) against 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6)-sulphonic acid. However, the ethanol extract displayed the most potent alpha-amylase (0.346 mg/mL) inhibition, whilst the aqueous extract (0.363 mg/mL) was best against alpha-glucosidase. The modes of enzymes inhibition revealed that the aqueous extract displayed near-competitive inhibition against alpha-amylase and uncompetitive inhibition against alpha-glucosidase. Additionally, good antioxidative and antihyperglycaemic effects were established by the n-hexane fraction when compared with standards (gallic acid and acarbose). The GC-MS chromatogram of subfractions (4 and 9) from the n-hexane fraction afforded compounds, such as 2,4-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-phenol, 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, dodecanoic acid and 1-methylethyl ester already established in the literature with potential pharmacological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc.).Conclusion: The research study provides evidence on the folkloric use and insights on the prospect of the plant as natural antioxidative and antidiabetic agents.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Alpha Amylase and Alpha Glycosidase Enzymes by Various Earth Worm Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1261-1268
Author(s):  
M. Amin Mir ◽  
Shalini Upadhay ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Mir
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
World Population ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
The World

The earth worm extracts have been analysed for the inhibition of alpha amylase and alpha glycosidase enzymes, which are the key enzymes for the control of glucose in the human system so have direct impact upon the health of an organism. These two enzymes have direct involvement in the diabetic process. So the inhibition of these two enzymes helps in the reduction of diabetes. Various extracts of the earth worms, viz, Ethyl acetate, Acetone, DMSO, Ethanol and Water have been analysed against the inhibition of the respective enzymes. Among the various extracts it had been found that water extract posses the highest inhibition potential followed by ethanol extract. The DMSO, Acetone posses the inhibition potential in between water extract and the Ethyl acetate extract. So it could be concluded that polar solvents posses high inhibition potential than the lesser polar solvents, which could be due the polar extracted compounds from the concerned extract of earth. Diabetes mellitus is spreading at an alarming rate in the world and three fourth of the world population is being getting effected by the disease in reference, which leads to major cause of high economic loss in the development of nations. The uncontrolled diabetes leads to many chronic complications like blindness, heart issues, and renal failure, etc. Therapies have been developed along with the principles of western medicine (allopathic) which often have limited efficacy, which carry the risk of adverse effects, and are often too costly, especially for the developing countries. But the research in reference is the first research in the world in which it had been shown that earth worm extracts can be used as anti-diabetic medicines. Other properties of earth worms, like antimicrobial anti-inflammatory etc are known already but the anti-diabetic effect has been analysed first time in the world.

Recent Developments in Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type-2 Diabetes: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2510-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Usman ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Meenu Mehta ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The incidence of diabetes has increased globally in recent years and figures of diabetic patients were estimated to rise up to 642 million by 2040. The disorder is accompanied with various complications if not managed at the early stages, and interlinked high mortality rate and morbidity with time. Different classes of drugs are available for the management of type 2 diabetes but were having certain limitations of their safety. Alphaglucosidase is a family of enzyme originated from the pancreas which plays a role in the anabolism of 80-90% of carbohydrate consumed into glucose. This glucose is absorbed into the blood and results in frank postprandial hyperglycemia and worsens the conditions of diabetic patients which precipitate complications. Inhibition of these enzymes helps to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and the formation of glycated end products. Alphaglucosidase inhibitors are reported to be more important in adequate control of type 2, but marketed drugs have various side effects, such as poor patient compliance and also expensive. This proves the needs for other class of drugs with better efficacy, safety, patient compliance and economic. In this review, we have emphasized the recent advances in the field of new alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety and pharmacological profile.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Shaoyun Wang ◽  
Xiaozhu Sun ◽  
Shuo An ◽  
Fang Sang ◽  
Yunli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals ALPHA AMYLASE AND ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF SELECTED EDIBLE SEAWEEDS FROM SOUTH COAST AREA OF INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Reka ◽  
Thahira Banu A. ◽  
M. Seethalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Gracilaria Edulis ◽  
Edible Seaweeds ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Objective: The present work was to investigate the alpha amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the selected edible seaweeds.Methods: The seaweeds namely Acanthophora spicifera, Gracilaria corticata, Gracilaria edulis, Ulva lactuca and Ulva reticulata were selected for this study. Six and eight hours of ethanol and aqueous extract were used for the estimation of alpha amylase using DNS method and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity.Results: The study reported that the solvent from ethanol and aqueous in eight hours of extraction showed a higher inhibitory activity than six hours of extraction. Maximum of 89.1±0.96 and 79.55±3.08 percent of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity were detected in the eight hours of aqueous extract (0.5 ml) of Ulva reticulata and Gracilaria edulis respectively. All the selected edible seaweeds had significant differences (p<0.05) in alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity between the selected seaweeds with different extracts.Conclusion: It was concluded that all the selected edible seaweeds have the potential to act as a potent inhibitor of the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme. Thus, it was clear from the study that seaweeds incorporated in small amounts in the dishes consumed in the daily diet can bring a control on postprandial blood glucose level.

scholarly journals Anti-Stress and Anti-Depressive Effects of Spinach Extracts on a Chronic Stress-Induced Depression Mouse Model through Lowering Blood Corticosterone and Increasing Brain Glutamate and Glutamine Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonwi Son ◽  
Soonwoong Jung ◽  
Jung Shin ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Free Amino ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Spinach is one of the most widely consumed vegetables, and is known as for both physical and mental health maintenance. However, there is little information about how spinach protects one from stress. In the present study, we created three extracts from Spinach oleracea L., (frozen powder (FP), water extract (WE), and ethanol extract (EE)), and examined their anti-stress and anti-depressive effects on mouse using a chronic immobilization stress (CIS) regimen. FP, WE, and EE showed different free amino acid constituents. Calorie-balanced diets derived from each extract were tested for their ability to reduce blood corticosterone (CORT) levels in naïve mice. Diets supplemented with FP or EE induced lower blood CORT levels than a normal diet, but the WE diet did not. Mobility duration and sucrose preference were increased by FP and EE supplementation in the CIS-induced depression animal models. Moreover, FP and EE increased glutamate and glutamine levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) compared with CIS-induced depressed group. These results suggest that spinach has anti-stress and anti-depressive properties by lowering CORT and increasing glutamate and glutamine levels in the mPFC.

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