Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2

Abstract Multiple variants of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are constantly reported across the world. B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated P.1 (VOC) and P.2 (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same patient suffered a reinfection case by another B1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. Genomic analysis showed genetically significant differences between the viruses recovered in both infections. P.1 lineage at the first episode and P.2 at the reinfection. We also have investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, whereas the variant disseminated and became prominent from late January 2021 to the end of March 2021.

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The Human Coronavirus Disease COVID-19: Its Origin, Characteristics, and Insights into Potential Drugs and Its Mechanisms

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9050331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 331 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Lo’ai Alanagreh ◽

Foad Alzoughool ◽

Manar Atoum

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Genomic Structure ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Human Coronavirus ◽

The World ◽

Clinical Drugs

The emerging coronavirus disease (COVID-19) swept across the world, affecting more than 200 countries and territories. Genomic analysis suggests that the COVID-19 virus originated in bats and transmitted to humans through unknown intermediate hosts in the Wuhan seafood market, China, in December of 2019. This virus belongs to the Betacoronavirus group, the same group of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and for the similarity, it was named SARS-CoV-2. Given the lack of registered clinical therapies or vaccines, many physicians and scientists are investigating previously used clinical drugs for COVID-19 treatment. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the CoVs origin, pathogenicity, and genomic structure, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2. Besides, we summarize the recently investigated drugs that constitute an option for COVID-19 treatment.

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Antimalarial Drugs and COVID -19

Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare ◽

10.47752/sjmh.312.111.116 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 111-116

Author(s):

Modupe Iretiola Builders ◽

Joseph Oyepata Simeon ◽

Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko ◽

Philip Builders

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Effective Treatment ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Antimalarial Drugs ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Physical Interaction ◽

The World ◽

Novel Virus

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), that is ravaging the world. Therefore, the need to find new preventive and therapeutic drug at the earliest possible time additionally to the implementation of preventive measures such as early detection, isolation and treatment of cases as well as minimization of transmission through physical interaction. Moreover, specific vaccines and yet effective treatment that target the 2019. This review focuses on the use of antimalarial drugs as therapeutics interventions for COVID-19.

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Coronavirus (COVID-19) Symptoms, Treatment, and Recent Medical Challenges to the World: A Review

Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research ◽

10.47705/kjdmr.204204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

Muhammad Asif

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Antiviral Agents ◽

Small Animal ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Research Organizations ◽

The World ◽

Early Case ◽

Health Organization ◽

Early Case Detection

Coronavirus infections have emerged as epidemic and pandemic threats throughout the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread across 203 countries and territories in all 5 major continents. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Subsequently, on February 11, 2020, a new name was given to this disease i.e. COVID-19 by an expert group from WHO. As of 3:37 pm CEST, 14 August 2020, there have been 20,730,456 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 751,154 deaths, reported to WHO. It possibly originated from a small animal market in Wuhan, China. A cluster of patients was admitted with unusual pneumonia not responding to treatment in various hospitals. Epidemiological, genomic analysis and correlation with other coronaviruses led to the isolation of new coronavirus, closely resembling the bat coronaviruses, from such patients in Wuhan. They were identified as the SARS-CoV-2. This virus infection presents an influenza-like illness in the affected people. Fever, cough, respiratory distress with fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting are common symptoms seen in adults. The transmissibility of SARS-CoV-1 was less as compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it was well controlled with good public health efforts. The present COVID-19 epidemic is still in the acceleration phase of 3 and 4 in various countries. Without any effective antiviral agents available at present, the need of the hour is early case detection, isolation of cases, use of good preventive care measures by the household contacts and in the hospital setup. Here, we have placed the symptoms and treatment schemes for the COVID-19 from the practice of different research organizations of the World including WHO.

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Loss of Smell and Taste: Potential of Using Them as Markers for Early Detection of Covid-19

Advances in Neurology and Neuroscience ◽

10.33140/an.03.02.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Human Race ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Corona Virus ◽

The World

The world is currently witnessing a severe health crisis of its time. Everyone is juggling and struggling to fight a viral disease named Covid-19 (Corona virus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). The genome of newly identified virus is less than 30,000 letters long where pathogenesis involve from being asymptomatic to deadly in all age groups. Almost everybody is at a grave risk in such an unpredictable scenario where range of symptoms are so variable from people to people making this pandemic a threat to human race.

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Structure, transmission, diagnostic symptoms, host and entry mechanism of covid-19: A review

Coronaviruses ◽

10.2174/2666796701999201116213826 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 01 ◽

Author(s):

Prashant Swapnil ◽

Mukesh Meena ◽

Tansukh Barupal ◽

Yashwant Sompura ◽

Deepa Hada

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antiviral Drug ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Clinical Recovery ◽

Human Contact ◽

The World ◽

Diagnostic Symptoms ◽

Viral Outbreak ◽

Entry Mechanism

Abstract:: In Wuhan, China, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported and caused coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The infection of coronavirus is pathogenic and highly transmittable which spread quickly around the world by human to human contact. Through genomic analysis it has been revealed that primary reservoir of SARSCoV-2 are bats due to having severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) viruses phylogenetically. The viral infection rapidly transmitted by human to human contact but the intermediate source of their origin and transfer is not known. Till date, any clinically approved vaccine or antiviral drug is not prepared against COVID-19. However, researchers and scientist have been evaluated some broad-spectrum of antiviral drugs against COVID-19 through clinical trials and found satisfactory clinical recovery. This review summarise the comparative analysis of the emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This review also focused to development of effective vaccines or antidrug and also focused on an approach to practice therapeutic combinations to fight with this viral outbreak.

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COVID-19 presenting with Ophthalmoplegia in a patient with Acute Kidney Injury

Bangladesh Critical Care Journal ◽

10.3329/bccj.v9i1.53062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 59-61

Author(s):

Pauline Francisca Gomes ◽

Abdul Basit Ibne Momen ◽

Amrin Sultana ◽

Rafa Faaria Alam ◽

Sadia Saber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Early Detection ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Male Patient ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

New Disease ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

The World ◽

Systemic Manifestations ◽

The Many

COVID-19 has proved to cause multi-systemic manifestations in many reported cases across the world. Here, we report a rare presentation of a 20 years old COVID-19 positive male patient with acute kidney injury who developed ophthalmoplegia during the course of the disease. COVID-19 being a relatively new disease, its neurological manifestation is even rarer with limited literature concerning the symptoms. Clinicians should, therefore, have a high suspicion and awareness regarding the many faces of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2), for early detection and mitigation of the disease, especially during the pandemic. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 59-61

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The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 748-752

Author(s):

Swapnali Khabade ◽

Bharat Rathi ◽

Renu Rathi

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Healthy Person ◽

World Health ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Leading Role ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Individual

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

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Plasma therapy a possible hope to fight against COVID-19

10.35543/osf.io/yhq7v ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ravikant Piyush ◽

Aroni Chatterjee ◽

Shashikant Ray

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Plasma Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Drugs ◽

Wild Fire ◽

The World ◽

Short Span ◽

Game Changer

The world is currently going through a disastrous event and a catastrophic upheaval caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic has resulted in loss of more than 150000 deaths across the globe. Originating from China and spreading across all continents within a short span of time, it has become a matter of international emergency. Different agencies are adopting diverse approaches to stop and spread of this viral disease but still now nothing confirmatory has come up. Due to lack of vaccines and proper therapeutic drugs, the disease is still spreading like wild fire without control. An Old but very promising method- the convalescent plasma therapy could be the key therapy to stop this pandemic. This method has already proven its mettle on several occasions previously and has been found to be effective in curing the pandemics induced by Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the same group of β-Coronavirus that has resulted in the above diseases. Therefore, the role of plasma therapy is being explored for treatment of this disease. In this review, we have mainly focused on the role of convalescent plasma therapy and why its use should be promoted in fight against COVID-19, as it could turn out to be a game changer.

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THE INFLUENCE OF SCOTTISH ACCOUNTANTS IN THE UNITED STATES: THE EARLY CASE OF THE SOCIETY OF ACCOUNTANTS IN EDINBURGH

Accounting Historians Journal ◽

10.2308/0148-4184.24.1.117 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 117-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. A. LEE

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

General Theory ◽

Research Program ◽

The United States ◽

The World ◽

Early Case ◽

The Impact ◽

Chartered Accountants ◽

The U.S

This study represents part of a long-term research program to investigate the influence of U.K. accountants on the development of professional accountancy in other parts of the world. It examines the impact of a small group of Scottish chartered accountants who emigrated to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Set against a general theory of emigration, the study's main results reveal the significant involvement of this group in the founding and development of U.S. accountancy. The influence is predominantly with respect to public accountancy and its main institutional organizations. Several of the individuals achieved considerable eminence in U.S. public accountancy.

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