scholarly journals Nutrient-imbalanced conditions shift the interplay between zooplankton and gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Li ◽  
Zhimeng Xu ◽  
Hongbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
And Control

Abstract Nutrient stoichiometry of phytoplankton frequently changes with aquatic ambient nutrient concentrations, which is mainly influenced by anthropogenic water treatment and the ecosystem dynamics. Consequently, the stoichiometry of phytoplankton can markedly alter the metabolism and growth of zooplankton. However, the effects of nutrient-imbalanced prey on the interplay between zooplankton and their gut microbiota remain unknown. Using metatranscriptome, a 16s rRNA amplicon-based neutral community model (NCM) and experimental validation, we investigated the interactions between Daphnia magna and its gut microbiota in a nutrient-imbalanced algal diet. Our results showed that in nutrient-depleted water, the nutrient-enriched zooplankton gut stimulated the accumulation of microbial polyphosphate in fecal pellets under phosphorus limitation and the microbial assimilation of ammonia under nitrogen limitation. Compared with the nutrient replete group, both N and P limitation markedly promoted the gene expression of the gut microbiome for organic matter degradation but repressed that for anaerobic metabolisms. In an N- and P-limited diet, the gut microbial community exhibited a higher fitting to NCM with promoted R-square value when compared with the Control group (0.624, 0.781, and 0.542 for N-limited, P-limited, and Control diet, respectively), suggesting increased ambient-gut exchange process favored by compensatory feeding. Further, an additional axenic grazing experiment revealed that bacteria can still benefit D. magna to achieve better growth under a nutrient-imbalanced diet. Together, these results demonstrated that under a nutrient-imbalanced diet, the microbes not only benefit themselves by absorbing excess nutrients inside the zooplankton gut but also help zooplankton to survive during the tough time of nutrient limitation.

scholarly journals Nutrient-imbalanced conditions shift the interplay between zooplankton and gut microbiota

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Li ◽  
Zhimeng Xu ◽  
Hongbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
16 S Rrna

Abstract Background Nutrient stoichiometry of phytoplankton frequently changes with aquatic ambient nutrient concentrations, which is mainly influenced by anthropogenic water treatment and the ecosystem dynamics. Consequently, the stoichiometry of phytoplankton can markedly alter the metabolism and growth of zooplankton. However, the effects of nutrient-imbalanced prey on the interplay between zooplankton and their gut microbiota remain unknown. Using metatranscriptome, a 16 s rRNA amplicon-based neutral community model (NCM) and experimental validation, we investigated the interactions between Daphnia magna and its gut microbiota in a nutrient-imbalanced algal diet. Results Our results showed that in nutrient-depleted water, the nutrient-enriched zooplankton gut stimulated the accumulation of microbial polyphosphate in fecal pellets under phosphorus limitation and the microbial assimilation of ammonia under nitrogen limitation. Compared with the nutrient replete group, both N and P limitation markedly promoted the gene expression of the gut microbiome for organic matter degradation but repressed that for anaerobic metabolisms. In the nutrient limited diet, the gut microbial community exhibited a higher fit to NCM (R2 = 0.624 and 0.781, for N- and P-limitation, respectively) when compared with the Control group (R2 = 0.542), suggesting increased ambient-gut exchange process favored by compensatory feeding. Further, an additional axenic grazing experiment revealed that the growth of D. magna can still benefit from gut microbiota under a nutrient-imbalanced diet. Conclusions Together, these results demonstrated that under a nutrient-imbalanced diet, the microbes not only benefit themselves by absorbing excess nutrients inside the zooplankton gut but also help zooplankton to survive during nutrient limitation.

scholarly journals Nutrient-imbalanced conditions shift the interplay between zooplankton and gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Li ◽  
Zhimeng Xu ◽  
Hongbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Community Model ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Abstract BackgroundNutrient stoichiometry of phytoplankton frequently changes with aquatic ambient nutrient concentrations, which is mainly influenced by anthropogenic water treatment and the ecosystem dynamics. Consequently, the stoichiometry of phytoplankton can markedly alter the metabolism and growth of zooplankton. However, the effects of nutrient-imbalanced prey on the interplay between zooplankton and their gut microbiota remain unknown. Using metatranscriptome, a 16s rRNA amplicon-based neutral community model (NCM) and experimental validation, we investigated the interactions between Daphnia magna and its gut microbiota in a nutrient-imbalanced algal diet.ResultsOur results showed that in nutrient-depleted water, the nutrient-enriched zooplankton gut stimulated the accumulation of microbial polyphosphate in fecal pellets under phosphorus limitation and the microbial assimilation of ammonia under nitrogen limitation. Compared with the nutrient replete group, both N and P limitation markedly promoted the gene expression of the gut microbiome for organic matter degradation but repressed that for anaerobic metabolisms. In the nutrient limited diet, the gut microbial community exhibited a higher fit to NCM (R2=0.624 and 0.781, for N- and P-limitation, respectively) when compared with the Control group (R2=0.542), suggesting increased ambient-gut exchange process favored by compensatory feeding. Further, an additional axenic grazing experiment revealed that the growth of D. magna can still benefit from gut microbiota under a nutrient-imbalanced diet.ConclusionsTogether, these results demonstrated that under a nutrient-imbalanced diet, the microbes not only benefit themselves by absorbing excess nutrients inside the zooplankton gut but also help zooplankton to survive during nutrient limitation.

scholarly journals Nutrient-imbalanced Conditions Shift the Interplay Between Zooplankton and Gut Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Li ◽  
Zhimeng Xu ◽  
Hongbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Stoichiometry ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Community Model ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Limited Diet

Abstract Nutrient stoichiometry of phytoplankton changes frequently with aquatic ambient nutrient concentrations, which is mainly influenced by environmental factors and the dynamics of ecosystems. Consequently, the stoichiometry of phytoplankton can markedly alter the metabolism and growth of zooplankton. However, the effects of nutrient-imbalanced prey on the interplay between zooplankton and their gut microbiota remain unknown. Using metatranscriptome sequencing, neutral community model (NCM), and experimental validation, we investigated the interactions between Daphnia magna and its gut microbiota on nutrient-imbalanced algal diet. Our results showed that in nutrient depleted water, nutrient-enriched zooplankton gut stimulated the accumulation of microbial polyphosphate and the assimilation of ammonia under phosphorus and nitrogen limited diet, respectively. Comparing with nutrient replete group, both N and P limitation had markedly promoted the gene expression of gut microbial for organic matter degradation but repressed that for anaerobic metabolisms. Besides, with N and P limited diet, the gut microbial community exhibited a higher fitting to NCM, suggesting increased ambient-gut exchange process favored by compensatory feeding of D. magna. This process also elevated oxygen level in the gut and explained the repressed anaerobic metabolism of gut microbes. Further axenic grazing experiment revealed that bacteria can still benefit D. magna to achieve a better growth under nutrient-imbalanced diet by enhancing their digestion capability. Together, these results demonstrated that under nutrient-imbalanced diet, the microbes not only benefit themself by absorbing excess nutrients inside zooplankton gut but also benefit zooplankton to achieve a better adaptation.

scholarly journals Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have Equivalent Effects to Other Essential Amino Acids on Lifespan and Aging-Related Traits in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juricic ◽  
Sebastian Grönke ◽  
Linda Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been suggested to be particularly potent activators of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling. Moreover, increased circulating BCAAs are associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and diabetes in both mice and humans, and with increased mortality in mice. However, it remains unknown if BCAAs play a more prominent role in longevity than do other essential amino acids (EAAs). To test for a more prominent role of BCAAs in lifespan and related traits in Drosophila, we restricted either BCAAs or a control group of three other EAAs, threonine, histidine and lysine (THK). BCAA restriction induced compensatory feeding, lipid accumulation, stress resistance and amelioration of age-related gut pathology. It also extended lifespan in a dietary-nitrogen-dependent manner. Importantly, the control restriction of THK had similar effects on these phenotypes. Our control diet was designed to have every EAA equally limiting for growth and reproduction, and our findings therefore suggest that the level of the most limiting EAAs in the diet, rather than the specific EAAs that are limiting, determines the response of these phenotypes to EAA restriction.

Bifidobacteriaceae family diversity in gut microbiota of patients with renal failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Hanifi ◽  
Hamid Tayebi Khosroshahi ◽  
Reza Shapouri ◽  
Mohammad Asgharzadeh ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Esrd Patients

Abstract Background: Bifidobacteriaceae family are belonged to the gut microbiota that could exhibit probiotic or health promoting effects on the host. Several studies suggested that gut microbiota are quantitative and qualitative altered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The present study was aimed to assess the members of Bifidobacteriaceae family in fecal samples of patients with CKD and ESRD in compared to non-CKD/ESRD patients to find any changes of their counts in these patients.Methods: Twenty fresh fecal samples of patients with CKD/ESRD and twenty from non-CKD/ESRD patients were included. The whole DNA of fecal samples were extracted and the gut microbiota composition was analyzed by next generation sequencing (NGS) method.Results: Total 651 strains were identified from 40 fecal samples, which 8 (1.23%) strains were identified as family Bifidobacteriaceae. The most abundance species in both control and disease group were Bifidobacterium adolescentis (2.10% ± 1.05% vs. 1.98% ± 1.53%, respectively) and the lowest abundance species in disease group was Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (0.0007% ± 0.0009%).Conclusions: There was no significant differentiation in the abundance of various species between disease group and control group (p<0.05). This study has confirmed that the members of Bifidobacteriaceae family are not alters in patients with CKD/ESRD.

scholarly journals Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with changes in gut microbiota composition at the species level

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Chen ◽  
Yu Gan ◽  
Yingtao Li ◽  
Wenzhi He ◽  
Weizhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common endocrine disorder with rising prevalence in pregnancy, has been reported to be associated with alteration of gut microbiota in recent years. However, the role of gut microbiome in GDM physiopathology remains unclear. This pilot study aims to characterize the alteration of gut microbiota in GDM on species-level resolution and evaluate the relationship with occurrence of GDM. Methods An analysis based on 16S rRNA microarray was performed on fecal samples obtained from 30 women with GDM and 28 healthy pregnant women. Results We found 54 and 141 differentially abundant taxa between GDM and control group at the genus and the species level respectively. Among GDM patients, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius was inversely correlated with fasting glucose while certain species (e.g., Aureimonas altamirensis, Kosakonia cowanii) were positively correlated with fasting glucose. Conclusions This study suggests that there are large amounts of differentially abundant taxa between GDM and control group at the genus and the species level. Some of these taxa were correlated with blood glucose level and might be used as biomarkers for diagnoses and therapeutic targets for probiotics or synbiotics.

scholarly journals Association Between Abundance of Haemophilus in the Gut Microbiota and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuizhen Zhu ◽  
Mingming Zheng ◽  
Usman Ali ◽  
Qingrong Xia ◽  
Zhongxian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Acute Group ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Analysis ◽  
And Control

Increasing evidence indicates an interaction between dysbiosis of the microbiota and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, limited information is available on the specific microbial communities associated with symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gut microbiota dysbiosis and its relationship with psychopathologies in schizophrenia. We recruited 126 participants and divided them into three groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria—acute group (patients with acute schizophrenia), remission group (patients with schizophrenia in remission), and control group (healthy controls). Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Microbiota compositions, diversity and community structure were evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between bacterial taxa and psychotic symptoms. The beta-diversity of microbiota composition in the acute group was distinct from that in the remission and control groups (PC1 = 21.11% vs. PC2 = 12.86%, P = 0.021). Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that abundance of Haemophilus was positively correlated with negative psychiatric symptoms (r = 0.303, P = 0.021), while abundance of Coprococcus was negatively correlated with negative psychiatric symptoms (r = −0.285, P = 0.025). Moreover, abundance of Haemophilus was positively correlated with cognition (r = 0.428, P = 0.009), excitement (r = 0.266, P = 0.037), and depression (r = 0.295, P = 0.020). The study findings suggest that alterations in certain gut microbiota may interfere with psychological symptoms in schizophrenia. Our results provide evidence that may help in the development of therapeutic strategies using microbial-based targets. The data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the NCBI (https://submit.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) with accession number SUB9453991.

scholarly journals Studies on the nutrition of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Magnesium deficiency: the effect of feeding with a Mg-supplemented diet

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Knox ◽  
C. B. Cowey ◽  
J. W. Adron
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
And Control

1. For a period of 8 weeks, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), mean initial weight 21 g, were given either a low-magnesium or control diet containing 0·03 and 0·58 g Mg/kg diet respectively. Both groups of trout were then given the control diet for a further 11 weeks.2. Weight gains over the initial 8-week period were lowest in the Mg-deficient trout. Feeding the deficient fish the control diet rapidly improved growth rate until it was the same as that of the control trout.3. Plasma Mg was significantly lower in the Mg-deficient trout at week 8. Feeding with the control diet for 11 weeks did not increase plasma Mg. Few changes were observed in the plasma concentrations of the other electrolytes.4. Renal calcium concentrations were unaffected by dietary Mg levels. Similarly, the renal levels of phosphorus, sodium and potassium all fell within the range found in normal rainbow trout.5. Muscle Mg concentrations were reduced in those trout given the Mg-deficient diet. Feeding with the control diet for a further 11 weeks increased muscle Mg but the level was still significantly lower than that found in trout given the control diet for 19 weeks.6. The bone ash Mg concentration was significantly lower, and the Ca higher, in the deficient fish at week 8, when compared with the control group.7. When compared with the value at the start of the experiment, total bone Mg fell slightly in the deficient trout over the initial 8-week period, but increased in the control group of fish. Feeding with the control diet for a further 11 weeks increased total bone Mg in both Mg-deficient trout and control trout.8. The results show that the Mg deficiency imposed on the rainbow trout was of limited severity and almost complete recovery was obtained when the control diet was fed.

scholarly journals Influence of climate variability, fire and phosphorus limitation on vegetation structure and dynamics of the Amazon–Cerrado border

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Ane Dionizio ◽  
Marcos Heil Costa ◽  
Andrea D. de Almeida Castanho ◽  
Gabrielle Ferreira Pires ◽  
Beatriz Schwantes Marimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability

Abstract. Climate, fire and soil nutrient limitation are important elements that affect vegetation dynamics in areas of the forest–savanna transition. In this paper, we use the dynamic vegetation model INLAND to evaluate the influence of interannual climate variability, fire and phosphorus (P) limitation on Amazon–Cerrado transitional vegetation structure and dynamics. We assess how each environmental factor affects net primary production, leaf area index and aboveground biomass (AGB), and compare the AGB simulations to an observed AGB map. We used two climate data sets (monthly average climate for 1961–1990 and interannual climate variability for 1948–2008), two data sets of total soil P content (one based on regional field measurements and one based on global data), and the INLAND fire module. Our results show that the inclusion of interannual climate variability, P limitation and fire occurrence each contribute to simulating vegetation types that more closely match observations. These effects are spatially heterogeneous and synergistic. In terms of magnitude, the effect of fire is strongest and is the main driver of vegetation changes along the transition. Phosphorus limitation, in turn, has a stronger effect on transitional ecosystem dynamics than interannual climate variability does. Overall, INLAND typically simulates more than 80 % of the AGB variability in the transition zone. However, the AGB in many places is clearly not well simulated, indicating that important soil and physiological factors in the Amazon–Cerrado border region, such as lithology, water table depth, carbon allocation strategies and mortality rates, still need to be included in the model.

scholarly journals Effect of fish oil and vitamin E on sperm lipid peroxidation in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analía Lorena Risso ◽  
Francisco J. Pellegrino ◽  
Yanina Corrada ◽  
Mónica Marmunti ◽  
Mariana Gavazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Control ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary fish oil (FO) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on sperm sensitivity to lipid peroxidation (LP) in dogs. Using an incomplete replicate 3 × 3 Latin square design, five dogs were allocated into three groups. One of the squares was incomplete and had two dogs that were used with three treatments. The dogs were assigned to three different treatments, fed a control diet of balanced commercial food (control group; CG), control diet supplemented with 54 mg FO/kg body weight0·75per d (FO group; FG) and FO plus 400 mg VE per d (FO and VE group; FEG) for 60 d. Semen samples were collected on days 0 and 60 and divided into two halves, peroxidised and control, with or without ascorbate–Fe2+, respectively. LP was measured in both halves by chemiluminescence as counts per min/mg protein. Fatty acid profile was determined by GC. Data were analysed using the mixed procedure (SAS). On day 0, LP increased in all groups in the peroxidised samples (P< 0·05). However, on day 60 LP decreased in peroxidised samples of both the FG and FEG (P< 0·05), but there were no differences between the FG and FEG (P> 0·1). Additionally, on day 60 totaln-3 was higher in the FG and FEG compared with the CG (P< 0·05). Supplementation with FO alone or together with VE decreased LP in peroxidised samples. These results could indicate a protective effect ofn-3 on sperm. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism whereby FO and/or FO plus VE decrease LP in dogs’ sperm.

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