scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristics of Ever Regular Use of Non-combustible Nicotine for One-year or More: A Population Survey in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cox ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Loren Kock ◽  
Lion Shahab
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction: Up-to-date monitoring of non-combustible nicotine products (NNP) is important to assess their impact. To date, there is little evidence on the association between long-term regular use (defined here as one-year or more) of NNP and current smoking status. Aims/methods: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, and sociodemographic, alcohol and smoking status correlates, of ever regular use of NNP in England in 2020.A cross sectional survey of adults in England between February and June 2020. Results: 8,486 adults were surveyed, 94.9% (8,055) were complete cases. The weighted prevalence of ever regular NNP use was 5.4% (n=436; 95%CI 5.0-6.0), of which 82% (n=360; 95%CI 78.7-85.8) was single, and 18% (n=79; 95%CI 14.8-22) multiple product use. Amongst ever regular NNP users, the prevalence of ever regular nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), e-cigarette and heated tobacco product use was 64.7% (95% CI 60.1-69), 43.4% (95%CI 38.8-48) and 2.5% (95% CI 1.4-4.5), respectively. In regression analysis, ever regular NNP use was independently associated with smoking status, being significantly higher among current (22.3%; Adjusted OR (aOR) 34.9, 95%CI 24.0-50.8) and ex-smokers (12.7%, aOR 19.8, 95%CI 11.1-14.4) than among never smokers (0.6%). More advantaged occupational grade (aOR, 1.27 95% CI 1.02-1.57) and at least hazardous alcohol use (aOR, 1.38 95%CI 1.06-1.78) were independently associated with greater prevalence of ever regular NNP use.Conclusions: Ever regularly using NNP was highest among smokers and ex-smokers and rare among never smokers. Among people who have ever regularly used NNP, NRT is the most popular.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of ever regular use of non-combustible nicotine for 1 year or more: a population survey in England

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cox ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Loren Kock ◽  
Lion Shahab
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Smoking Status ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Multiple Product ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Weighted Prevalence

Abstract Introduction Up-to-date monitoring of non-combustible nicotine products (e.g. e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), heated tobacco products (HTP); NNP) is important to assess their impact. To date, there is little evidence on the association between ever regular use (defined here as 1 year or more) of NNP and current smoking status. Aims/methods The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, and sociodemographic, alcohol and smoking status correlates, of ever regular use of NNP in England in 2020. A cross-sectional survey of adults in England was conducted between February and June 2020. Results A total of 8486 adults were surveyed; 94.9% (8055) were complete cases. The weighted prevalence of ever regular NNP use was 5.4% (n = 436; 95% CI 5.0–6.0), of which 82% (n = 360; 95% CI 78.7–85.8) was single and 18% (n = 79; 95% CI 14.8–22) multiple product use. Amongst ever regular NNP users, the prevalence of ever regular NRT, e-cigarette and HTP use was 64.7% (95% CI 60.1–69), 43.4% (95% CI 38.8–48) and 2.5% (95% CI 1.4–4.5), respectively. In adjusted analysis, ever regular NNP use was associated with smoking status, being significantly higher among current (22.3%; adjusted OR (aOR) 34.9, 95% CI 24.0–50.8) and ex-smokers (12.7%, aOR 19.8, 95% CI 11.1–14.4) than among never-smokers (0.6%). More advantaged occupational grade (aOR, 1.27 95% CI 1.02–1.57) and at least hazardous alcohol use (aOR, 1.38 95% CI 1.06–1.78) were associated with greater prevalence of ever regular NNP use. Conclusions Ever regularly using NNP was highest among smokers and ex-smokers and rare among never-smokers. Among people who have ever regularly used NNP, NRT is the most popular.

scholarly journals A National Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Tobacco and Nicotine Product Usage Patterns and Behaviour Since the Introduction of Tobacco Heating Products in Japan: Wave 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Jones ◽  
Jason Adamson ◽  
Claudia Kanitscheider ◽  
Krishna Prasad ◽  
Oscar M. Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Product Usage ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Japanese Residents ◽  
Risk Potential ◽  
Current Tobacco

Providing data on usage patterns is key to assessing the reduced-risk potential of novel tobacco and nicotine products at a population level. We performed a nationwide cross-sectional survey of the general population in Japan to assess usage patterns after the introduction of tobacco heating products (THPs). Eligible participants were Japanese residents, aged 20 years or older who consented to complete the survey. Individuals living in institutions were excluded. A three-stage probability sampling method was applied that was geographically stratified by street blocks proportionate to population density. Respondents self-reported patterns of product use and reasons for THP use. Complete responses were available from 5,306 individuals, of whom 933.5 (17.6%) were current users, 984.2 (18.5%) were former users and 3388.4 (63.9%) were never users of tobacco products. Cigarettes were used by 14.6% of current tobacco product users and THPs by 5.3%. Cigarettes and THPs were used exclusively by 64.5% and 12.2%, respectively, and both were used by 12.7%. The most common reasons reported for THP use were perceived reduction in harm to self and others compared to cigarettes. While the prevalence of cigarette use in Japan is decreasing, THPs seem to be increasingly used as long-term alternatives to cigarette smoking.

scholarly journals Associations of tobacco smoking with body mass distribution; a population-based study of 65,875 men and women in midlife

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽  
Stephen Hewitt ◽  
Lisa Forsén ◽  
Liv Grøtvedt ◽  
Inger Ariansen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Smokers

Abstract Background Studies indicate an effect of smoking toward abdominal obesity, but few assess hip and waist circumferences (HC and WC) independently. The present study aimed to assess the associations of smoking status and volume smoked with HC and WC and their ratio in a population with low prevalence of obesity together with high prevalence of smoking. Methods We used cross-sectional survey data from 11 of a total 19 Norwegian counties examined in 1997–99 including 65,875 men and women aged 39–44 years. Analysis of associations were adjusted for confounding by socioeconomic position, health indicators, and additionally for BMI. Results Compared with never-smokers, when adjusting for confounders and in addition for BMI, mean HC remained lower while mean WC and waist-hip-ratio (WHR) were higher in current smokers. The finding of a lower HC and higher WHR level among smokers was consistent by sex and in strata by levels of education and physical activity, while the finding of higher WC by smoking was less consistent. Among current smokers, BMI-adjusted mean HC decreased whereas WC and WHR increased by volume smoked. Compared with current smokers, former smokers had higher BMI-adjusted HC, lower WHR and among women WC was lower. Conclusions The main finding in this study was the consistent negative associations of smoking with HC. In line with the hypothesis that lower percentage gluteofemoral fat is linked with higher cardiovascular risk, our results suggest that smoking impacts cardiovascular risk through mechanisms that reduce the capacity of fat storage in the lower body region.

scholarly journals Symptom and Disability One Year After Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Nury Sukraeny
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Mild Disability ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
One Year ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Health And Well Being

TBI is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The effects of TBI can significantly disrupt the lives of those who are injured and survive. TBI can affect patients in the physical, cognitive, behavioral and emotional domains which appear from the acute phase and can remain long-term. This cross sectional survey aimed to examine the disability after TBI by the components of ICF and also to describe the symptom present in one year after TBI. TBI patients were recruited from the medical record data of patients admitted to the neurosurgery unit who at least 12 month after discharge from hospital and able to be followed up. The DRS was used for measured disability. Total 56 TBI patients were recruited in this study, 58.9% of the subjects were classified as mild TBI, while 37.5% and 3.6% of them were classified as moderate and severe TBI respectively. More than half of subjects (62.5%) reported of current symptoms with headache as a most common reported. Based on DRS was found that 83.9% of the subjects have no disability, whereas 3.6% had a mild disability, 5.45 had a partial disability, and 7.2% had a moderate disability. The results demonstrated that a TBI survivors face substantial disability and symptom 1 year after injury. To optimise health and well-being outcomes, clinicians need to identified the needs of patients with less severe TBI and treated during the post-acute period.

scholarly journals Reactions to, and trial intentions for, three dissuasive cigarette designs: a cross-sectional survey of adolescents in Scotland

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-055842
Author(s):  
Danielle Mitchell ◽  
Nathan Critchlow ◽  
Crawford Moodie ◽  
Linda Bauld
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Smoking Susceptibility

ObjectivesThere has been growing academic and policy interest in opportunities to decrease the appeal of cigarette sticks, such as making them an unattractive colour or requiring them to display a health warning. We therefore explored reactions to, and trial intentions for, three ‘dissuasive’ cigarette designs among adolescents in Scotland.MethodsA cross-sectional survey with 12–17 year olds in Scotland (n=594) was conducted between November 2017 and November 2018. Participants were shown one ‘standard’ cigarette (imitation cork filter with white paper casing) and three dissuasive cigarettes: (1) a cigarette with the warning ‘smoking kills’; (2) a cigarette with the warning ‘toxic’ and a skull and cross-bones image and (3) a dark green cigarette. Participants rated each cigarette on nine five-point reaction measures (eg, appealing/unappealing or attractive/unattractive). A composite reaction score was computed for each cigarette, which was binary coded (overall negative reactions vs neutral/positive reactions). Participants also indicated whether they would try each cigarette (coded: Yes/No). Demographics, smoking status and smoking susceptibility were also measured.ResultsMore participants had negative reactions to the dark green (93% of adolescents), ‘smoking kills’ (94%) and ‘toxic’ (96%) cigarettes, compared with the standard cigarette (85%). For all three dissuasive designs, Chi-square tests found that negative reactions were more likely among younger adolescents (vs older adolescents), never-smokers (vs ever smokers) and non-susceptible never-smokers (vs susceptible never-smokers). Most participants indicated that they would not try any of the cigarettes (range: 84%–91%).ConclusionDissuasive cigarettes present an opportunity to further reduce the appeal of smoking among adolescents.

scholarly journals Perception And Barriers Of Research Conduction Among Faculty Members Of BUMDC

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Khalid Aziz ◽  
Abida Arif ◽  
Ghousia Shahid ◽  
Ayesha Afridi ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Academic Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Difficult Area ◽  
One Year ◽  
Interest In Research

Objective: To identify the perception and barriers regarding research conduction among faculty members of BUMDC Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted in Bahria University Medical and Dental College from June-September 2018. Participants both male and female with minimum one year of clinical/academic experience were included. Exclusion criteria were those faculty members not willing to participate and visiting faculty members. Results: The response rate of this study was found to be 116/133 (87.21%). Faculty members of MBBS were 74(63.8%), BDS faculty 34(29.3%) and DPT faculty 8 (6.9%). Most difficult area of research was found to be statistical analysis 56 (48.3%). Research is a important component of medical education 83 (71.6%) respondents strongly agreed. I consider research as a part of long term career goals 55 (47.4%) strongly agreed. Barriers were Lack of funding was strongly agreed by 44 (37.9%). Lack of time was agreed by 49 (42.2%) respondents and strongly agrees. Conclusion: Perception of faculty was found to be positive regarding conduction of research. Majority of faculty members reported that research is an important part of medical education to enhance knowledge. Lack of funding, time and access to journal were found to be barriers in conducting research. Interest in research will develop if these barriers are minimized.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional Survey to Assess Tobacco and Nicotine Product Use since the Introduction of Tobacco Heating Products in Japan: Wave 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-220
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Jones ◽  
Jason Adamson ◽  
Claudia Kanitscheider ◽  
Krishna Prasad ◽  
Oscar M. Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Japanese Residents ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: In this study, we obtained key population-level data on use patterns and behavior relating to tobacco and nicotine products in Japan. Methods: We performed a nationwide cross-sectional survey of the general population in Japan in 2019 to assess use patterns after the introduction of tobacco heating products (THPs). Eligible participants were Japanese residents, aged 20 years or older who consented to complete the survey. Individuals living in institutions were excluded. A 3-stage probability sampling method was applied that was geographically stratified by street blocks proportionate to population density. Respondents self-reported patterns of product use and reasons for THP use. Results: Complete responses were available from 5306 individuals, of whom 933.5 (17.6%) were current users, 984.2 (18.5%) were former users, and 3388.4 (63.9%) were never users of tobacco products (weighted respondent totals). Cigarettes were used by 14.6% of current tobacco product users and THPs by 5.3%. Cigarettes and THPs were used exclusively by 64.5% and 12.2%, respectively, and both were used by 12.7%. The most common reasons reported for THP use were perceived reduction in harm to self and others compared to cigarettes. Conclusions: Whereas the prevalence of cigarette use in Japan is decreasing, THPs seem to be increasingly used as long-term alternatives to cigarette smoking.

scholarly journals Prevalence of ENDS and JUUL Use, by Smoking Status, in National Samples of Young Adults and Older Adults in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-418
Author(s):  
Shivaani Prakash ◽  
Cameron Hatcher ◽  
Saul Shiffman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
National Probability Sample

Objectives: In this paper, we estimate the prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and JUUL brand ENDS use among adults in the US, overall and by smoking history. Methods: We obtained 2019 cross-sectional online surveys assessing smoking, use of any ENDS, and JUUL specifically, in a national probability sample of 11,833 US adults. Data were analyzed for young adults (YA; aged 18-24) and older adults (OA; aged 25+). Results: Past 30-day ENDS prevalence was 8.0% in YA and 4.7% in OA; equivalent JUUL figures were 3.1% and 1.2%. ENDS/JUUL use was more prevalent among current and former smokers than never smokers, where prevalence was ≤ 2% (YA: 2.0%/0.9%; OA: 0.9%/0.1%). JUUL use was higher among recent (< 1 year) quitters than among long-term (≥ 1 year) quitters. Among those who had ever used both ENDS and other tobacco, strong majorities reported using other tobacco first. Among JUUL users who also had used other tobacco ≥ 95% had used other tobacco first. Conclusions: Past-30-day ENDS use (including JUUL) was ≤ 8% among young adults and ≤ 5% in older adults. Most (> 98%) ENDS and JUUL users were current or former smokers, which is relevant to assessment of the population impact of these products.

scholarly journals E-cigarette use frequency by smoking status among youth in the United States, 2014-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Tam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers

AbstractAimsTo report annual 2014-2019 youth estimates of past 30-day e-cigarette use frequency by smoking status in the United States (US).DesignWeighted prevalence estimates of student’s e-cigarette use using the 2014-2019 National Youth Tobacco Surveys (NYTS). For each year, t-tests for significance were used to compare estimates with those from the preceding year; t-tests were not performed on data for 2019 due to the change in survey format from paper to electronic.SettingThe NYTS is an annual school-based cross-sectional survey of US middle school (MS) and high school (HS) students.Participants117,472 students.MeasurementsSelf-report of past 30 day e-cigarette use based on students’ smoking status. Smoking status is assessed by asking if students have ever tried smoking, “even one or two puffs”, with never smokers responding “no”. Former smokers respond “yes” but have not smoked at all in the past 30 days. Current smokers used cigarettes at least once in the past 30 days. Frequent e-cigarette use is defined as use on ≥20 days in the past month.FindingsPast 30-day and frequent e-cigarette use increased among never, former, and current smoker youth from 2014-2019. In 2019, a greater proportion of current smokers used e-cigarettes frequently (HS = 46.1%, 95% CI: 39.1, 53.2; MS = 27.4%, 95% CI: 21.1, 33.6) compared to former smokers (HS = 23.2%, 95% CI: 18.1, 28.2; MS = 10.9%, 95% CI: 6.1, 15.7) and never smokers (HS = 3.7%, 95% CI: 3.0, 4.3; MS = 0.7%, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.9). From 2018 to 2019, the total number of youth using e-cigarettes frequently who were never smokers (2018: 180,000; 2019: 490,000) or former smokers (2018: 260,000; 2019: 640,000) surpassed that of current smokers (2018: 420,000; 2019: 460,000).ConclusionsThe proportion and number of never smoker youth using e-cigarettes frequently increased greatly since 2014.

Social Influences, Social Norms, Social Support, and Smoking Behavior among Adolescent Workers

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pebbles Fagan ◽  
Marla Eisenberg ◽  
Anne M. Stoddard ◽  
Lindsay Frazier ◽  
Glorian Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Never Smokers

Purpose. To examine the relationships between worksite interpersonal influences and smoking and quitting behavior among adolescent workers. Design. The cross-sectional survey assessed factors influencing tobacco use behavior. Setting. During the fall of 1998, data were collected from 10 grocery stores in Massachusetts that were owned and managed by the same company. Subjects. Eligible participants included 474 working adolescents ages 15 to 18. Eighty-three percent of workers (n = 379) completed the survey. Measures. The self-report questionnaire assessed social influences, social norms, social support, friendship networks, stage of smoking and quitting behavior, employment patterns, and demographic factors. Results. Thirty-five percent of respondents were never smokers, 21% experimental, 5% occasional, 18% regular, and 23% former smokers. Using analysis of variance (ANOVA), results indicate that regular smokers were 30% more likely than experimental or occasional smokers to report coworker encouragement to quit (p = .0002). Compared with regular smokers, never smokers were 15% more likely to report greater nonacceptability of smoking (p = .01). χ2 tests of association revealed no differences in friendship networks by stage of smoking. Conclusions. These data provide evidence for the need to further explore social factors inside and outside the work environment that influence smoking and quitting behavior among working teens. Interpretations of the data are limited because of cross-sectional and self-report data collection methods used in one segment of the retail sector.

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