scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Renal Cortex Perfusion using Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Parameters in Renal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhijian luo ◽  
yulu liu ◽  
Ziyi tang ◽  
Jialing liu ◽  
Xuemei xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Post Operation

Abstract Background: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be used as a noninvasive and quantitative diagnostic method to judge the progression of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood perfusion of renal cortex during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) parameters.Materials: In this experiment, 24 rabbits were randomly divided into following four groups (N=6): sham-operation group, 24-h post-operation of ischemia-reperfusion injury group (24-h I/R), 3-d post-operation of I/R injury group (3-d I/R) and 5-d post-operation of I/R injury group (5-d I/R). The I/R model was surgically established. CEUS was performed via a GE LOGIQ 9 ultrasound machine, and a time-intensity curve (TIC) in the renal cortex was generated for each group. All quantitative CEUS parameters were derived from TIC and included the following: the curve's peak ascending slope (wash-in slope [WIS]),area under the curve (AUC), time-to-peak (TTP), change in perfusion peak intensity (A), and arrival time (AT), Subsequently, we analyzed the changes in these parameters, as well as the correlation between changes in CEUS parameters and pathological parameters.Results: The values of AT, TTP, and WIS of all I/R groups significantly differed from the sham-operation group (P<0.01). However, there was make no difference in a and AUC values among the experimental groups (P > 0.05). The AT and TTP values peaked at 3 d after I/R surgery, which correlated with the most significant pathological changes at the same time point.Conclusions: Among the quantitative CEUS parameters, AT, TTP, and WIS were found to be sensitive indicators reflecting blood perfusion in renal microcirculation. Hence, these parameters may be useful for dynamically monitoring the severity of tissue damage at the early stage of I/R injury. Collectively, our findings provide compelling evidence for further clinical application of quantitative CEUS analysis.

scholarly journals Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetes Mellitus by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Li ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Longyun Li ◽  
Kai Li
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Objective. With the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) combined with myocardial ischemia, how to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM patients has become a major problem faced by clinicians. We investigated the therapeutic effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM rats and its effect on endoplasmic reticulum stress. Methods. SD rats with SPF grade were randomly divided into 6 groups: non-DM rats were divided into the sham operation group (NDM-S group), ischemia-reperfusion group (NDM-IR group), and dexmedetomidine group (NDM-DEX group); DM rats were divided into the diabetic sham operation group (DM-S group), diabetes-reperfusion group (DM-IR group), and diabetes-dexmedetomidine (DM-DEX) group, with 10 rats in each group. Then the effects of DEX on the changes of CK-MB and cTnT levels were examined. The effects of myocardial pathological damage and myocardial infarct size were detected. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected. The apoptosis of heart tissue cells was also tested through the expressions of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins. The expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins GRP78, CHOP, ERO1α, ERO1β, and PDI was examined. The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury cell model was established, the effects of DEX, DEX+ ERS agonist on cell apoptosis was also detected. Results. The myocardial damage of DM-IR was more severe than that of NDM-IR rats. DEX could reduce the expression of CK-MB and cTnT, reduce pathological damage, and reduce scar formation and improve fibrosis. DEX can reduce the expression of GRP78, CHOP, ERO1α, ERO1β, and PDI proteins in vivo and in vitro. And the effect of DEX on cell apoptosis could be blocked by ERS agonist. Conclusion. DEX attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in DM rats and H/R injury cell, which is associated with the reduction of ERS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Protective Effect of Octreotide Against Liver Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1115-1121
Author(s):  
Shuangfa Zou ◽  
Huiping Sun ◽  
Yanhua Peng ◽  
Shuo Yang ◽  
Jinfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Saline Treatment ◽  
Octreotide Treatment

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is an inevitable complication during liver resection and liver transplantation. This study explored the effect of octreotide pretreatment on LIRI in rat model. Thirty male SD rats were included. They were divided into three groups: control group (sham operation plus saline treatment); ischemia/reperfusion group (IR group, ischemia/reperfusion operation plus saline treatment) and octreotide treatment group (IR + Oct group, ischemia/reperfusion operation plus octreotide treatment). The serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST) were tested to assess the liver damage in the rats. Light and electron microscopy was used to identify morphological alterations in each group. The expressions of HMGB1, RIP1 and RIP3 were measured by Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. The levels of AST, ALT in IR group increased significantly (P < 0 05), and were significantly reduced by Octreotide pretreatment (P < 0 05). Morphology of control group remained grossly normal by transmission electron microscopy. While mitochondrial degeneration, cristae disruption, swelling, rupture was observed in IR group. The microscopic morphology of liver cells was basically normal and occasionally a small number of mitochondria were a little swelled in pretreatment with octreotide group. The expressions of HMGB1, RIP1 and RIP3 in pretreatment with octreotide were significantly down-regulated compared with those in pretreatment without octreotide (P < 0 001). The present study suggested that octreotide pretreatment play a protective role in LIRI, due to the decreased necrotizing apoptosis of hepatocytes. The mechanisms underlying these effects may be associated with the inhibition of HMGB1/RIP1/RIP3 necrotizing apoptosis signals.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE IN OVARIAN ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Keskin ◽  
Deha Denizhan Keskin ◽  
Muhammet Değermenci ◽  
Hatice Hancı ◽  
Nuket Göçmen Karabekir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Adnexal Torsion ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Electro-acupuncture is widely used in gynecology. Adnexal torsion is an important threat to ovarian reserves in women of reproductive age. This is the first study to investigate whether electro-acupuncture is beneficial in protecting ovarian reserves in case of adnexal torsion resulting in reperfusion injury. Thirty-two female Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups: the first group—sham operation, the second group—torsion/detorsion model, the third group—pre-acupuncture + torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture, and the fourth group—torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture. The acupoints used were CV4 and bilateral SP6, Ex-CA1, Kid3, and ST36. In the third group, the acupoints were needled for two weeks before torsion, continuing for a further two weeks after torsion. In the fourth group, needling began after torsion and was maintained for two weeks. Both histological and biochemical parameters indicating ovarian reserves showed that electro-acupuncture applied to the above points exhibited an ameliorating effect on ovaries injured during ischemia/reperfusion. Electro-acupuncture may be capable of protecting against and preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in case of ovarian torsion.

scholarly journals Colchicine Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Liver Damage: Implication of TLR4/NF-κB, TGF-β, BAX and Bcl-2 gene expression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza Sayed Awad ◽  
Hemat Abdel Fatah Elariny ◽  
Amany Said Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is typically associated with a vigorous inflammatory and oxidative stress response to hypoxia and reperfusion that disturbs the function of the organ. The remote effects of renal IRI on the liver, however, require further study. Renal damage associated with liver disease is a common clinical problem. Colchicine, a polymerization inhibitor of microtubules has been used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drug for liver diseases. Aims: The goal of the current study was to investigate the possible protective mechanisms of colchicine on liver injury following renal IRI. Methods: Forty rats were divided randomly into four groups; group of sham operation, group of colchicine treated, group of IRI, group of colchicine treated-IRI. Key findings: Treatment with colchicine significantly reduced hepatic toll-like receptor 4 {TLR4}, nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor {NF-κB}, myeloid differentiation factor 88 {MyD88}, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha {TNF-α} contents, down-regulated BCL2 Associated X Apoptosis Regulator {BAX} gene expression, transforming growth factor-β {TGF-β} content and upregulated hepatic B-cell lymphoma 2 {Bcl-2} gene expression as compared to the IRI group. Finally, hepatic histopathological examinations have confirmed the biochemical results. Significance: Renal IRI-induced liver damage in rats was alleviated by colchicine through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrotic actions.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Effect of Betulinic Acid on Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzhou Xia ◽  
Zhi Xue ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jieyun Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Tunel Assay ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Objectives. This study aims to investigate the effect of betulinic acid (BA) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion/injury in an open-chest anesthetized rat model.Methods. The model was induced by 30 minutes left anterior descending occlusion followed by 2 hours reperfusion. There are six groups in our present study: sham operation group, ischemia/reperfusion group, low-dosage BA group, medium-dosage BA group, high-dosage BA group, and fosinopril sodium group. Rats in the latter four groups were administrated with BA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.g.) or fosinopril sodium (10 mg/kg, i.g.) once a day for 7 days before operation, respectively. Rats in the former two groups were given the same volume of vehicle (0.5% CMC-Na, i.g.). During the operation, cardiac function was continuously monitored. Serum LDH and CK were measured with colorimetric assays. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were investigated with western blot and TUNEL assay, respectively.Results. Pretreatment with BA improved cardiac function and attenuated LDH and CK activities compared with IR group. Further investigation demonstrated that the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax and TUNEL assay was in line with the above results.Conclusion. BA may reduce the release of LDH and CK, prevent cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and eventually alleviate the extent of the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

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