Hearing Impairment in Angolan Children with Acute Bacterial Meningitis With and Without Otitis Media and Otorrhea

Abstract Background: Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a common cause of hearing loss in childhood. Our aim was to investigate bacterial etiology, hearing impairment, and outcome in childhood BM with vs. without otitis media (OM) in the resource-poor settings of Angola. Methods: Hearing was tested through brainstem-evoked response audiometry (ABR) in 391 (76%) of 512 children with confirmed BM. The bacteria identified from the ear discharge were compared to those from CSF and the relevance of findings was examined in terms of hearing among children with or without OM on day 1 and 7 of hospitalization, and at follow-ups of 1, 3 and 6 month(s).Results: No correlation was found in bacteriology between the ear discharge and CSF, and the most common ear pathogens more likely reflected chronic than acute middle ear infections. On day 7 in hospital, hearing impairment (>40 dB) was common, regardless of whether concomitant OM or not (in 27% vs. 30%, respectively), whereas on day 7, profound hearing loss (>80 dB) was diagnosed slightly more in children without OM 16% vs. 10% accordingly. Any hearing deficit on day 7 was associated with a higher risk of complicated or fatal clinical course (OR 2.76, CI95% 1.43-5.29, P = .002).Conclusion: No significant difference prevailed in hearing thresholds between children with or without OM in hospital on day 7 or at later follow-ups. Any hearing impairment on day 7 associated with a higher risk for complicated clinical course or death. Trial registration: ISRCTN62824827. Registered 22 June 2005, http://www.isrctn.com/ ISRCTN62824827.

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The Effect of Conventional and Transparent Surgical Masks on Speech Understanding in Individuals with and without Hearing Loss

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology ◽

10.3766/jaaa.15151 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (01) ◽

pp. 058-067 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Samuel R. Atcherson ◽

Lisa Lucks Mendel ◽

Wesley J. Baltimore ◽

Chhayakanta Patro ◽

Sungmin Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Speech Perception ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Visual Input ◽

Acoustic Properties ◽

Speech Understanding ◽

Profound Hearing Loss ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Surgical Masks ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractIt is generally well known that speech perception is often improved with integrated audiovisual input whether in quiet or in noise. In many health-care environments, however, conventional surgical masks block visual access to the mouth and obscure other potential facial cues. In addition, these environments can be noisy. Although these masks may not alter the acoustic properties, the presence of noise in addition to the lack of visual input can have a deleterious effect on speech understanding. A transparent (“see-through”) surgical mask may help to overcome this issue.To compare the effect of noise and various visual input conditions on speech understanding for listeners with normal hearing (NH) and hearing impairment using different surgical masks.Participants were assigned to one of three groups based on hearing sensitivity in this quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study.A total of 31 adults participated in this study: one talker, ten listeners with NH, ten listeners with moderate sensorineural hearing loss, and ten listeners with severe-to-profound hearing loss.Selected lists from the Connected Speech Test were digitally recorded with and without surgical masks and then presented to the listeners at 65 dB HL in five conditions against a background of four-talker babble (+10 dB SNR): without a mask (auditory only), without a mask (auditory and visual), with a transparent mask (auditory only), with a transparent mask (auditory and visual), and with a paper mask (auditory only).A significant difference was found in the spectral analyses of the speech stimuli with and without the masks; however, no more than ∼2 dB root mean square. Listeners with NH performed consistently well across all conditions. Both groups of listeners with hearing impairment benefitted from visual input from the transparent mask. The magnitude of improvement in speech perception in noise was greatest for the severe-to-profound group.Findings confirm improved speech perception performance in noise for listeners with hearing impairment when visual input is provided using a transparent surgical mask. Most importantly, the use of the transparent mask did not negatively affect speech perception performance in noise.

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Acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion in children with bacterial meningitis

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100138964 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 111 (10) ◽

pp. 913-916 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. P. Richardson ◽

A. Reid ◽

T. J. Williamson ◽

M. J. Tarlow ◽

P. T. Rudd

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Conductive Hearing Loss ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽

Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Conductive Hearing

AbstractAcute otitis media and otitis media with effusion (OME) have often been observed in children with bacterial meningitis. OME has also been proposed as the mechanism of reversible hearing loss after meningitis. In this controlled study, children with acute bacterial meningitis were studied using auditory brainstem responses (ABR), otoacousticemissions, tympanometry and otoscopy. An age- and sex- matched control was recruited for each patient and the incidence of acute otitis media and OME was compared between the twogroups. One hundred and twenty-four children with meningitis were studied. Ninety-two children (74 per cent) had meningococcal meningitis. Five patients (4 per cent) had conductive hearing loss (ABR threshold≥30 dB HL) at the time of discharge from hospital. None of the patients or controls had acute otitis media. Patients and controls were well matched for risk factors for OME and the prevalence of middle ear effusion in patients and controls was 7.2 per cent and 11.3 per cent respectively. The relative risk of OME in the children with meningitis was 0.64 (95 per cent confidence interval 0.29 to 1.42). After nine months, three of the five children with meningitis and conductive hearing loss had regained normal hearing.In contrast to previous reports, there was no relationship between bacterial meningitis and acute otitis media or OME in this study. Nevertheless, coincidental conductive hearing defects were identified as the cause of reversible hearing loss in three patients.

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Perception and learning of relative pitch by musicians using the vibrotactile mode

Musicae Scientiae ◽

10.1177/10298649211015278 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102986492110152

Author(s):

Carl Hopkins ◽

Saúl Maté-Cid ◽

Robert Fulford ◽

Gary Seiffert ◽

Jane Ginsborg

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Music Education ◽

Success Rate ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Pitch Discrimination ◽

Professional Musicians ◽

Profound Hearing Loss ◽

Relative Pitch ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Schools For The Deaf

This study investigated the perception and learning of relative pitch using vibrotactile stimuli by musicians with and without a hearing impairment. Notes from C3 to B4 were presented to the fingertip and forefoot. Pre- and post-training tests in which 420 pairs of notes were presented randomly were carried out without any feedback to participants. After the pre-training test, 16 short training sessions were carried out over six weeks with 72 pairs of notes per session and participants told whether their answers were correct. For amateur and professional musicians with normal hearing and professional musicians with a severe or profound hearing loss, larger pitch intervals were easier to identify correctly than smaller intervals. Musicians with normal hearing had a high success rate for relative pitch discrimination as shown by pre- and post-training tests, and when using the fingertips, there was no significant difference between amateur and professional musicians. After training, median scores on the tests in which stimuli were presented to the fingertip and forefoot were >70% for intervals of 3–12 semitones. Training sessions reduced the variability in the responses of amateur and professional musicians with normal hearing and improved their overall ability. There was no significant difference between the relative pitch discrimination abilities between one and 11 semitones, as shown by the pre-training test, of professional musicians with and without a severe/profound hearing loss. These findings indicate that there is potential for vibration to be used to facilitate group musical performance and music education in schools for the deaf.

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ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.25.5.742 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 742-747

Author(s):

Robert J. Haggerty ◽

Mohsen Ziai

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Antimicrobial Drugs ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meningitis In Children ◽

Multiple Drugs

A controlled study of the treatment of bacterial meningitis with single and multiple, potentially antagonistic antimicrobial drugs was undertaken. Sixty-five patients received a single and 71 received several drugs in combination. The two groups were generally comparable. There was no significant difference in the results: that is antagonism could not be demonstrated in this clinical study. It seems reasonable to recommend that, in patients over 1 month of age with acute primary bacterial meningitis in whom an etiologic agent cannot be promptly identified, the use of multiple drugs aimed at the three most likely organisms (pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae) can be employed without danger of clinically apparent antagonism.

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The Use of Frequency Lowering Technology in the Treatment of Severe-to-Profound Hearing Loss: A Review of the Literature and Candidacy Considerations for Clinical Application

Seminars in Hearing ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1670700 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (04) ◽

pp. 377-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susan Scollie ◽

Danielle Glista

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Current Literature ◽

High Frequency ◽

Hearing Aid ◽

Verification And Validation ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Profound Hearing Loss

AbstractThis article provides a review of the current literature on the topic of frequency lowering hearing aid technology specific to the treatment of severe and profound levels of hearing impairment in child and adult listeners. Factors to consider when assessing listener candidacy for frequency lowering technology are discussed. These include factors related to audiometric assessment, the listener, the type of hearing aid technology, and the verification and validation procedures that can assist in determining candidacy for frequency lowering technology. An individualized candidacy assessment including the use of real-ear verification measures and carefully chosen validation tools are recommended for listeners requiring greater audibility of high-frequency sounds, when compared with amplification via conventional hearing aid technology.

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Classification and clinical features of chronic purulent otitis media

Modern medical technologies ◽

10.34287/mmt.1(40).2019.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 66-74

Author(s):

A. D. Gusakov ◽

A. A. Gusakova

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Personal Experience ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Point Of View ◽

Control Data ◽

Retraction Pocket ◽

Radiological Control ◽

Chronic Course

In this lecture information on the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical course of chronic inflammation of the middle ear is systematized. The authors focus on the nature of the manifestations of otitis media, depending on the size and location of the perforation of the eardrum. Based on personal experience and accumulated knowledge, in detail reveal the issue of cholesteatoma, its precursors and possible complications. A lot of attention is paid to methods of examination and interpretation of audiometric and radiological control data. Speaking about the chronic course of the ear disease, the article describes frequently encountered situations such as tympanosclerosis, fistula, etc. In addition to their own point of view on the problem, the authors present literature data reflecting the views of other otorhinolaryngologists. Keywords: chronic otitis, hearing loss, cholesteatoma, retraction pocket, tympanosclerosis.

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Sequelae of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children Treated for Seven Days

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.78.1.21 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

T. Jadavji ◽

W. D. Biggar ◽

R. Gold ◽

C. G. Prober

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B ◽

Speech Defect ◽

Intravenous Antibiotic ◽

Severe Handicaps ◽

Meningitis In Children

The sequelae of acute bacterial meningitis in children who were treated with ampicillin or chloramphenicol for seven days during the period January 1979 to June 1983 were assessed prospectively. The 235 patients (117 boys and 118 girls) ranged in age from four days to 18 years (mean 26.4 months). Haemophilus influenzae type b was isolated in 70% of patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 20%, and Neisseria meningitidis in 10%. The mortality rate was 6.4%. No relapses occurred. Of the 220 survivors, 171 had neurologic psychometric, audiologic, and ophthalmologic assessments performed for a minimum of 1 year following their illness. One hundred thirty-six (80%) children had no detectable sequelae; 20% had mild to severe handicaps. The frequency of sequelae was greatest among children with S pneumoniae meningitis (57%) and least among children with N meningitidis (0%). The sequelae observed included: sensorineural hearing loss (12.9%), developmental delay (5.3%), speech defect (4.7%), motor defect (3.0%), hydrocephalus (1.7%), and seizure disorder (1%). The frequency of observed sequelae among these patients is similar to that previously reported in children treated for ten to 14 days. Our findings indicate that seven days of intravenous antibiotic therapy is adequate for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children.

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Frequency of hearing impairment in children between the age of 2 to 10 years with middle ear infection

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.809 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sultan Badar Munir ◽

Imran Saeed ◽

Sikander Ghayas Khan ◽

Syed Shakeel Ur Rehman ◽

Rabia Ghayas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ear Infection ◽

Middle Ear Infection ◽

Ear Infections ◽

Convenience Sampling

Abstract This study was conducted to find out frequency of hearing impairment in middle ear infection. The study design was a cross- sectional survey, conducted from August 2018 to January 2019 in the ENT Department of Children's Hospital Lahore. The data was collected through convenience sampling technique among 52 patients of middle ear infection. The measurements for level of hearing impairment were taken. The data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences, SPSS 20.0 Out of total 52, There were found 15 (28.8%) had once a month ear infection and 37 (71.2%) had off and 35 (67.3%) patients had mild hearing, 13 (25%) had moderate, 2(3.8%) severe and 2 (3.8%) had normal hearing loss. It was concluded that most of the participants having middle ear infections had hearing loss. Keywords: Hearing Impairment, Middle Ear Infection, Continuous...

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Impedance Audiometry Suggested

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.54.3.384a ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 384-384

Author(s):

John A. McCurdy

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Verbal Ability ◽

Secretory Otitis Media ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Significant Percentage ◽

Children With Hearing Loss ◽

Verbal Development

The findings of Kaplan et al.1 with respect to impairment of verbal ability in Alaskan children with hearing loss greater than 25 dB ISO secondary to chronic suppurative otitis media warrant renewed attention to a similar otologic problem which constitutes a threat to the verbal development of a significant percentage of all children—hearing impairment secondary to chronic secretory otitis media. Although the hearing loss in chronic secretory otitis media may fluctuate, a significant conductive impairment will persist as long as fluid remains in the middle ear.

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Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing Loss among Children with Bacterial Meningitis

10.53350/pjmhs211581827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1827-1828

Author(s):

Faiza Gohar ◽

Syed Sajid Munir ◽

Sami Ul Haq

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sample Size ◽

Study Design ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hearing Assessment

Aim: Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss among children presenting with acute bacterial meningitis. Study design: Pediatric wards of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar with the help of audiology department of Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar Study design & duration: Descriptive cross sectional study. 5 months from 23/10/2018 to 23/03/2019. Sample size: Sample size was 149 using 44.4% proportions SNHL among children with bacterial meningitis, 95% confidence level and 8% absolute precision using WHO sample size calculations. Methodology: 149 cases i.e. 90 males and 59 females were included with age of 02 to 144 months. All were with diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Lab tests and CSF examination was performed. The assessment of hearing was done before discharge in the form of BERA and PTA. All findings of hearing assessment was entered in Performa. Results: In the study, mean± SD of age was 28± 35.7. Moreover, 60.4% were males and 39.6% were females. 10(6.7%) of the 149 cases have sensorineural hearing loss while 139(93.3%) were having normal on hearing assessment. Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with bacterial meningitis was 6.7%. Keywords: Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Meningitis, Bacterial Meningitis

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