scholarly journals A Retrospective Study of the Prevalence of Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli Causing Postweaning Diarrhoea in Spain.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Pérez Esteruelas ◽  
Miguel Claver Mateos ◽  
Pedro José Sánchez Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Adhesion Factor ◽  
Veterinary Medicinal Products

Abstract Background: Postweaning diarrhoea is one of the most prevalent disease which occurs after weaning. The aim of the study reports the prevalence of virulence factors of Escherichia coli from clinical cases of postweaning diarrhoea on Spanish pig farms based on PCR directly from pooling of faeces samples. A total of 328 pig farms with acute cases of postweaning diarrhoea were sampled, between January 2018 and December 2020. These farms were all located in Spain. Animals were selected based on clinical signs (diarrhoea, dehydration, and increased mortality). A total of 984 four- to eight-week-old pigs within the first 24 hours of the acute phase of the disease were sampled and three rectal swabs were collected from three different pigs on each farm.Results: A total of 328 farms with PWD cases were analyzed between 2018 and 2020. The classification was based on the presence or absence of the different Escherichia coli’s virulence factors. Only 1.2% (4 out of 328) of farms were negative for all the Escherichia coli’s virulence genes. Adhesin involved in diffuse adherence was the most prevalent adhesion factor (68.6%) followed by F18 (67.7%) and F4 (53.4%). Conclusions: the present study shows the high prevalence Escherichia coli in postweaning diarrhoea cases. There is a high degree of variability in the Escherichia coli’s virulence factors within country as well as differences between countries. Further Investigation is needed to fight against postweaning diarrhoea since the use of zinc oxide will be withdrawn from veterinary medicinal products on 26 June 2022 [26,27]and the responsible use of antibiotics is being regulated very closely to be used only when is necessary.

scholarly journals The AIDA Autotransporter System Is Associated with F18 and Stx2e in Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs Diagnosed with Edema Disease and Postweaning Diarrhea

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Niewerth ◽  
Andreas Frey ◽  
Thomas Voss ◽  
Chantal Le Bouguénec ◽  
Georg Baljer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Edema Disease ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Postweaning Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains are known to cause edema disease (ED) and postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Although the exact mechanisms of pathogenicity that lead to ED-PWD remain to be elucidated, E. coli-borne Shiga-like toxin and adhesion-mediating virulence factors such as F18 adhesin or F4 fimbriae are believed to play a central role in ED-PWD. In light of these observations we investigated whether another E. coliadhesin, the plasmid-encoded AIDA (adhesin involved in diffuse adherence) might also be present in ED-PWD-causing E. coli isolates. For rapid screening for the AIDA system in large numbers of isolates, a multiplex PCR method along with a duplex Western blot procedure was developed. When screening 104 strains obtained from pigs with or without ED-PWD, we observed a high prevalence of the AIDA operon in porcine E. coli isolates, with over 25% of all strains being AIDA positive, and we could demonstrate a significant association of the intact AIDA gene (orfB) with ED-PWD, while defects in orfB were associated with the absence of disease. Although our data hint toward a contribution of AIDA to ED-PWD, further studies will be necessary since the presence of the AIDA genes was also associated with the presence of the Shiga-like toxin and F18 adhesin genes, two reported virulence factors for ED-PWD.

scholarly journals Spanish Multicenter Study of the Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Resistance in Escherichia coli

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 3576-3581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Ortega ◽  
Jesús Oteo ◽  
Maitane Aranzamendi-Zaldumbide ◽  
Rosa M. Bartolomé ◽  
Germán Bou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACTWe conducted a prospective multicenter study in Spain to characterize the mechanisms of resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) inEscherichia coli. Up to 44 AMC-resistantE. coliisolates (MIC ≥ 32/16 μg/ml) were collected at each of the seven participant hospitals. Resistance mechanisms were characterized by PCR and sequencing. Molecular epidemiology was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and by multilocus sequence typing. Overall AMC resistance was 9.3%. The resistance mechanisms detected in the 257 AMC-resistant isolates were OXA-1 production (26.1%), hyperproduction of penicillinase (22.6%), production of plasmidic AmpC (19.5%), hyperproduction of chromosomic AmpC (18.3%), and production of inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) (17.5%). The IRTs identified were TEM-40 (33.3%), TEM-30 (28.9%), TEM-33 (11.1%), TEM-32 (4.4%), TEM-34 (4.4%), TEM-35 (2.2%), TEM-54 (2.2%), TEM-76 (2.2%), TEM-79 (2.2%), and the new TEM-185 (8.8%). By PFGE, a high degree of genetic diversity was observed although two well-defined clusters were detected in the OXA-1-producing isolates: the C1 cluster consisting of 19 phylogroup A/sequence type 88 [ST88] isolates and the C2 cluster consisting of 19 phylogroup B2/ST131 isolates (16 of them producing CTX-M-15). Each of the clusters was detected in six different hospitals. In total, 21.8% of the isolates were serotype O25b/phylogroup B2 (O25b/B2). AMC resistance inE. coliis widespread in Spain at the hospital and community levels. A high prevalence of OXA-1 was found. Although resistant isolates were genetically diverse, clonality was linked to OXA-1-producing isolates of the STs 88 and 131. Dissemination of IRTs was frequent, and the epidemic O25b/B2/ST131 clone carried many different mechanisms of AMC resistance.

scholarly journals Interleukin gene expression in broiler chickens infected by different Escherichia coli serotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2727-2734
Author(s):  
Reham Elnagar ◽  
Rasha Elkenany ◽  
Gamal Younis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence

Background and Aim: Escherichia coli is the cause of avian colibacillosis, a significant threat to the poultry industry and public health. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of E. coli in diseased chicken broilers, pathological effects of these bacteria, and interleukin (IL) gene expression of different serotypes of E. coli (O78, O26, O44, and O55) on experimentally infected chickens. Materials and Methods: A total of 295 organ samples (liver, lungs, heart, and spleen) from 59 diseased broiler chickens were used for conventional identification of E. coli. Chickens were orally infected with one of the following E. coli serotypes (O78, O26, O44, or O55) and examined for clinical signs, mortality, macroscopic and microscopic lesions, and IL gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: E. coli was isolated from 53.2% of broiler chicken organs with a high prevalence in lungs (26.1%). The most prevalent serotypes were O78, O26, O44, O55, O157, and O127 prevalence of 27.8, 22.2, 16.7, 16.7, 5.6, and 5.6%, respectively. In the experimental design, five groups (G1-G5) of birds were established. G1 served as the negative control group, while G2-G5 were challenged orally with E. coli O78, O26, O55, or O44, respectively. Chickens infected with E. coli O78 or O26 showed significant clinical signs in comparison to the other infected birds. Mortality (13.3%) was only observed in birds infected with E. coli O78. Necropsy of dead birds after E. coli O78 infection showed pericarditis, enteritis, airsacculitis, and liver and lung congestion. More severe histopathological changes were observed in intestines, spleen, liver, and lung from chickens infected with either E. coli O78 or O26 than for birds infected with other serotypes. On the 2nd day post-infection, E. coli challenge, particularly with E. coli O78, displayed significantly upregulated levels of ileal IL-6 and IL-8, but ileal IL-10 level tended to be downregulated in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: This study assessed the application of cytokines as therapeutic agents against infectious diseases, particularly colibacillosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy animals and water sources in Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Carlos ◽  
Fabiana Alexandrino ◽  
Monica A. M. Vieira ◽  
Nancy C. Stoppe ◽  
Maria Inês Z. Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Tietê River ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Clonal Origin ◽  
High Diversity

The aim of this work was to verify the presence of seven virulence factors (ST, LT, eae, stx1, stx2, INV and EAEC) among Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy humans, bovines, chickens, sheep, pigs and goats, from two sewage treatment plants and from the Tietê River. We have found a high prevalence of eae, stx1 and stx2 in ruminants. The EAEC gene was only found in humans and sewage. No strains presented ST, LT or INV. BOX-PCR fingerprints revealed a high diversity among the strains analysed and a non-clonal origin of strains that presented the same virulence factors. Therefore, we concluded that ruminants may constitute an important reservoir of most diarrheagenic E. coli in Brazil, except for EAEC strains. These results emphasize the importance of the identification of the animal source of fecal contamination for the correct water risk assessment.

scholarly journals Phylogeny, Sequence-typing and virulence profile of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Zara Rafaque ◽  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Faiza Tariq ◽  
Sarah E. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Escherichia coli lineage ST131 predominates across various spectra of extra-intestinal infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI). The distinctive resistance profile, diverse armamentarium of virulence factors and rapid global dissemination of ST131 E. coli makes it an intriguing pathogen. However, not much is known about the prevalence and genetic attributes of ST131 lineage in Pakistan. Methods We estimated the prevalence and genetic attributes of E. coli ST131 isolates causing UTI among 155 randomly selected samples. Samples were analyzed by phylogenetic grouping, O-typing, fumC/fimH typing. Isolates were further tested for ESBL and virulence factors using PCR. Results Overall, 59% of the UPEC isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group B2, followed by D=28%, B1= 8% and A= 5%. Among 18 different Sequence-types, ST131 was the dominant lineage (n=71; 46%) out of which 72% of the isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group B2 while 61% adhered to serogroup O25b. FumC/fimH typing confirmed 49% of the ST131 as H30 sub-types. In this study, significant numbers of the identified ST131 isolates were MDR and 42% showed ESBL phenotypes, out of which 57% carried blaCTX-M-15. Moreover, different virulence factors were detected in following percentages: fimH,155 (100%), iutA 86 (55%), feoB 76 (49%), papC 75 (48%), papGII 70 (45%), kpsMTII 40 (26%), papEF 37 (24%), fyuA 37 (24%), usp 22 (14%), papA 20 (13%), sfa/foc 20 (13%), hlyA 18 (12%), afa 15 (10%), cdtB 11 (7%), papGI 6 (4%), papGIII 6 (4%), kpsMTIII 4 (3%) and bmaE2 (1%). Conclusion Conclusively, this study provides important insights into the genetic and virulence attributes of pandemic MDR ST131 strains involved in UTIs. It also highlights high prevalence of ST131-O25b-H30 UPEC isolates in local population, which was previously unreported from this part of globe. Keywords: ST131, VF genes, ESBL, UPEC, MDR

scholarly journals Phylogeny, Sequence-typing and virulence profile of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Zara Rafaque ◽  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Faiza Tariq ◽  
Sarah E. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Escherichia coli lineage ST131 predominates across various spectra of extra-intestinal infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI). The distinctive resistance profile, diverse armamentarium of virulence factors and rapid global dissemination of ST131 E. coli makes it an intriguing pathogen. However, not much is known about the prevalence and genetic attributes of ST131 lineage in Pakistan. Methods We estimated the prevalence and genetic attributes of E. coli ST131 isolates causing UTI among 155 randomly selected samples. Samples were analyzed by phylogenetic grouping, O-typing, fumC/fimH typing. Isolates were further tested for ESBL and virulence factors using PCR. Results Overall, 59% of the UPEC isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group B2, followed by D=28%, B1= 8% and A= 5%. Among 18 different Sequence-types, ST131 was the dominant lineage (n=71; 46%) out of which 72% of the isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group B2 while 61% adhered to serogroup O25b. FumC/fimH typing confirmed 49% of the ST131 as H30 sub-types. In this study, significant numbers of the identified ST131 isolates were MDR and 42% showed ESBL phenotypes, out of which 57% carried blaCTX-M-15. Moreover, different virulence factors were detected in following percentages: fimH,155 (100%), iutA 86 (55%), feoB 76 (49%), papC 75 (48%), papGII 70 (45%), kpsMTII 40 (26%), papEF 37 (24%), fyuA 37 (24%), usp 22 (14%), papA 20 (13%), sfa/foc 20 (13%), hlyA 18 (12%), afa 15 (10%), cdtB 11 (7%), papGI 6 (4%), papGIII 6 (4%), kpsMTIII 4 (3%) and bmaE2 (1%). Conclusion Conclusively, this study provides important insights into the genetic and virulence attributes of pandemic MDR ST131 strains involved in UTIs. It also highlights high prevalence of ST131-O25b-H30 UPEC isolates in local population, which was previously unreported from this part of globe. Keywords: ST131, VF genes, ESBL, UPEC, MDR

scholarly journals Phylogeny, Sequence-typing and virulence profile of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Zara Rafaque ◽  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Faiza Tariq ◽  
Sarah E. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Escherichia coli lineage ST131 predominates across various spectra of extra-intestinal infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI). The distinctive resistance profile, diverse armamentarium of virulence factors and rapid global dissemination of ST131 E. coli makes it an intriguing pathogen. However, not much is known about the prevalence and genetic attributes of ST131 lineage in Pakistan. Methods We estimated the prevalence and genetic attributes of E. coli ST131 isolates causing UTI among 155 randomly selected samples. Samples were analyzed by phylogenetic grouping, O-typing, fumC/fimH typing. Isolates were further tested for ESBL and virulence factors using PCR. Results Overall, 59% of the UPEC isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group B2, followed by D=28%, B1= 8% and A= 5%. Among 18 different Sequence-types, ST131 was the dominant lineage (n=71; 46%) out of which 72% of the isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group B2 while 61% adhered to serogroup O25b. FumC/fimH typing confirmed 49% of the ST131 as H30 sub-types. In this study, significant numbers of the identified ST131 isolates were MDR and 42% showed ESBL phenotypes, out of which 57% carried blaCTX-M-15. Moreover, different virulence factors were detected in following percentages: fimH,155 (100%), iutA 86 (55%), feoB 76 (49%), papC 75 (48%), papGII 70 (45%), kpsMTII 40 (26%), papEF 37 (24%), fyuA 37 (24%), usp 22 (14%), papA 20 (13%), sfa/foc 20 (13%), hlyA 18 (12%), afa 15 (10%), cdtB 11 (7%), papGI 6 (4%), papGIII 6 (4%), kpsMTIII 4 (3%) and bmaE2 (1%). Conclusion Conclusively, this study provides important insights into the genetic and virulence attributes of pandemic MDR ST131 strains involved in UTIs. It also highlights high prevalence of ST131-O25b-H30 UPEC isolates in local population, which was previously unreported from this part of globe.

scholarly journals Prevalence of virulence factors in Escherichia coli strains isolated from the genital tract of healthy cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Resende ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenicity ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The prevalence of virulence genes expressing fimbriae, production of hemolysin, colicin and aerobactin, was determined in Escherichia coli isolates from healthy cow’s genital tract not showing clinical signs of infection. The presence of fimbriae expression genes (pap, sfa, afa) was assayed using specific primers in a polymerase chain reaction; none were detected in any of the isolates. Yet, a prevalence of 90.4%, 69.8%, and 28.5% of virulence factors for colicin, hemolysin and aerobactin respectively, was detected in the isolates. Analysis of the bacterial pathogenicity of isolates from the bovine genital tract may contribute towards the understanding of E. coli behavior.

scholarly journals Phylogeny, Sequence-typing and virulence profile of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Zara Rafaque ◽  
Ibrar Ahmed ◽  
Faiza Tariq ◽  
Sarah E. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Escherichia coli lineage ST131 predominates across various spectra of extra-intestinal infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI). The distinctive resistance profile, diverse armamentarium of virulence factors and rapid global dissemination of ST131 E. coli makes it an intriguing pathogen. However, not much is known about the prevalence and genetic attributes of ST131 lineage in Pakistan. Methods We estimated the prevalence and genetic attributes of E. coli ST131 isolates causing UTI among 155 randomly selected samples. Samples were analyzed by phylogenetic grouping, O-typing, fumC/fimH typing. Isolates were further tested for ESBL and virulence factors using PCR. Results Overall, 59% of the UPEC isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group B2, followed by D=28%, B1= 8% and A= 5%. Among 18 different Sequence-types, ST131 was the dominant lineage (n=71; 46%) out of which 72% of the isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group B2 while 61% adhered to serogroup O25b. FumC/fimH typing confirmed 49% of the ST131 as H30 sub-types. In this study, significant numbers of the identified ST131 isolates were MDR and 42% showed ESBL phenotypes, out of which 57% carried blaCTX-M-15. Moreover, different virulence factors were detected in following percentages: fimH,155 (100%), iutA 86 (55%), feoB 76 (49%), papC 75 (48%), papGII 70 (45%), kpsMTII 40 (26%), papEF 37 (24%), fyuA 37 (24%), usp 22 (14%), papA 20 (13%), sfa/foc 20 (13%), hlyA 18 (12%), afa 15 (10%), cdtB 11 (7%), papGI 6 (4%), papGIII 6 (4%), kpsMTIII 4 (3%) and bmaE2 (1%). Conclusion Conclusively, this study provides important insights into the genetic and virulence attributes of pandemic MDR ST131 strains involved in UTIs. It also highlights high prevalence of ST131-O25b-H30 UPEC isolates in local population, which was previously unreported from this part of globe. Keywords: ST131, VF genes, ESBL, UPEC, MDR

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document