scholarly journals Uncovering Genomic Regions Regulating the Superoxide Dismutase, Flavonoids, Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, γ-Oryzanol and Antioxidant Activity in Rice Through Association Mapping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Pandit ◽  
P Sanghamitra ◽  
SR Barik ◽  
R Bastia ◽  
SP Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Phenotypic Groups ◽  
Fair Degree

Abstract Consumption of antioxidants rich rice has impressive health benefits. Five antioxidant traits viz., superoxide dismutase, flavonoids, anthocyanins, γ-oryzanol and ABTS were mapped in a panel population using 136 SSR markers through association mapping. A panel population containing 120 germplasm lines by including genotypes from all the phenotypic groups of the six antioxidant traits from the original shortlisted 270 rice genotypes. Donor lines rich in multiple antioxidant compounds were identified from the population. The population was classified into 4 genetic groups and showed fair degree of correspondence with the antioxidants content. A total of 14 significant marker-trait associations for antioxidants were detected of which 3 QTLs namely qANC3, qPAC12-2 for anthocyanin content and qAC12 for ABTS activity were validated in the population. Eleven putative QTLs such as qTAC1.1 and qTAC5.1 for anthocyanin content; qSOD1.1, qSOD5.1 and qSOD10.1 for SOD; qTFC6.1, qTFC11.1 and qTFC12.1 for TFC; qOZ8.1 and qOZ11.1 for γ-oryzanol and qAC11.1 for ABTS were detected to be novel loci. Co-localization of the QTLs detected for OZ11.1, TFC11.1 and AC11.1 regulating γ-oryzanol, flavonoid and anthocyanin content, respectively while PAC12.2 for anthocyanin content remained closer to TFC12.1 for flavonoid content. These QTLs will be useful in the antioxidant improvement programs in rice.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis of 53 Indonesian Rice Genotypes using 6K Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Joko Prasetiyono ◽  
Nurul Hidayatun ◽  
Tasliah Tasliah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Tropical Japonica ◽  
Rice Chromosomes ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Genotypic Mixtures

<p>Indonesia is rich in rice genetic resources, however, only a small number has been used in variety improvement programs. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of Indonesian rice varieties using 6K SNP markers. The study was conducted at ICABIOGRAD for DNA isolation and IRRI for SNP marker analysis. Genetic materials were 53 rice genotypes consisting of 49 varieties and 4 check genotypes. SNP markers used were 6K loci. Results showed that among the markers analyzed, only 4,606 SNPs (76.77%) were successfully read. The SNP markers covered all twelve rice chromosomes of 945,178.27 bp. The most common allele observed was GG, whereas the least allele was TG. Dendrograms of the 53 rice varieties analyzed with 4,606 SNPs demonstrated several small groups containing genotypic mixtures between indica and japonica rice, and no groups were found to contain firmly indica or japonica type. Structure analysis (K = 2) with value of 0.8 showed that the 53 rice varieties were divided into several groups and each group consisted of 4 japonica, 2 tropical japonica, 46 indica, and 1 aus rice type, respectively. IR64 and Ciherang proved to have an indica genome, while Rojolele has japonica one. Dupa and Hawara Bunar, usually grouped into tropical japonica rice, were classified as indica type, and Hawara Bunar has perfectly 100% indica type. The results of this study indicated that rice classification (indica-japonica) which is usually classified based only on morphological characters, e.g. grain and leaf shapes, is not enough and classification based on SNP markers should be considered for that purpose.</p>

Genetic Diversity of Rice vampireweed (Rhamphicarpa fistulosa) Populations in Rainfed Lowland Rice in West Africa

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-440
Author(s):  
Norliette Zossou ◽  
Hubert Adoukonèou-Sagbadja ◽  
Daniel Fonceka ◽  
Lamine Baba-Moussa ◽  
Mbaye Sall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aflp Technique

Rice vampireweed belongs to the Orobanchaceae and is found in Africa and Australia. It is a hemiparasitic weed of lowland rice genotypes and causes losses of 40 to 100% of rice grain yield. Our study addressed the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed in Benin and Senegal. The specific objectives of this research were to study the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed accessions in Benin and Senegal and the relationship between the different genotypes of rice vampireweed through agroecological areas. To achieve these objectives, the genetic diversity of rice vampireweed accessions using the AFLP technique was studied. Based on our results, dendrogram classification has distinguished four different genetic groups. The populations of Benin and Senegal are genetically diverse. Substantial genetic differentiation (GST) exists among agroecological areas within Benin and Senegal (GST = 0.17). The high genetic diversity of rice vampireweed in Benin and Senegal presents a challenge for the development of resistant rice germplasm.

Genome-wide association mapping of genomic regions associated with phenotypic traits in Canadian western spring wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Chen ◽  
Kassa Semagn ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Neshat Pazooki Moakhar ◽  
Teketel Haile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

scholarly journals Genomic regions underlying agronomic traits in linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) as revealed by association mapping

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braulio J. Soto‐Cerda ◽  
Scott Duguid ◽  
Helen Booker ◽  
Gordon Rowland ◽  
Axel Diederichsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Genomic Regions

scholarly journals Breeding rice for nitrogen use efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01S) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N Neeraja ◽  
S. R. Voleti ◽  
D. Subrahmanyam ◽  
K. Surekha ◽  
P. Raghuveer Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Genomic Regions

The aim of present investigation was to study the gross morphology and incidence of canine mammary tumors (CMTs) based on age, sex, breed, reproductive status and location along with histopathological classification and immunohistochemical characteristics. A total of 56 CMTs samples were collected from 49 cases of dogs. Gross morphology was studied in 26 cases of canine mammary tumors. For histopathological classification, samples were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin and sections (5 μm thick) obtained from each was stained with HandE stain. Immuno-histochemistry was carried out by using p63 antibody to confirm the histopathological types of CMTs. Malignant tumors and benign tumors were mostly observed in older dogs. Among 9 breeds affected, the highest incidence was recorded in a German shepherd. Caudal abdominal pair was most commonly affected. Most of the cases were observed in intact female dogs, except for one male dog. The tumors were oval and round in shape with 30–2000 g weight, soft to hard in consistency and grayish white cut surface. Out of 56 CMTs, the highest incidence was found of malignant neoplasms (36/56, 64.28%), followed by benign neoplasms (10/56, 17.85%) and non-neoplastic proliferation hyperplasia/dysplasia (10/56, 17.85%). Complex carcinoma, carcinoma, and malignant myoepithelioma and malignant myoepithelioma were confirmed by p63 antibody. In these neoplasms, myoepithelial cells showed strong immunoreactivity with p63.Development of nitrogen use efficient (NUE) rice varieties is inevitable for sustainability of environmental friendly and economical agricultural practices. Several management practices are being studied for increasing efficiency of spatial and temporal inputs of N under National Innovations for Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA). Attempts are being made to develop NUE rice varieties with multidisciplinary approach and conventional selection along with mapping and next generation sequencing strategies. Around 800 rice genotypes were characterized under low and recommended nitrogen for two consecutive seasons and the promising donors further evaluated to identify consistent NUE rice genotypes. Several mapping populations were developed using the NUE donors and popular rice varieties. QTL/genomic regions were identified for yield under low N using biparental and association mapping. Using minimum marker set of 50 rice SSR markers, 12 genomic regions were identified for yield and yield associated traits under low nitrogen. Several promising recombinants of yield and NUE were identified and these breeding lines were evaluated under multi-locations and stable performers were identified under AICRIP Trial - Evaluation of Radiation and Nitrogen use efficient promising rice genotypes -Plant Physiology during Kharif 2016, 2017 and 2018. As nitrogen is the building block of biomass, an optimum N is required for realizing the yield. The strategy should be to maximise uptake and improve utilization, so that remobilization of N to yield is achieved under low N.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study (GWAS) for morphological and yield-related traits in an oil palm hybrid (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Osorio ◽  
Gina Garzón ◽  
Paola Delgadillo ◽  
Silvio Bastidas ◽  
Leidy Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background The genus Elaeis has two species of economic importance for the oil palm agroindustry: Elaeis oleifera (O), native to the Americas, and Elaeis guineensis (G), native to Africa. This work provides to our knowledge, the first association mapping study in an interspecific OxG oil palm population, which shows tolerance to pests and diseases, high oil quality, and acceptable fruit bunch production. Results Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we identified a total of 3,776 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) in 378 OxG hybrid population for 10 agronomic traits. Twelve genomic regions (SNPs) were located near candidate genes implicated in multiple functional categories, such as tissue growth, cellular trafficking, and physiological processes. Conclusions We provide new insights on genomic regions that mapped on candidate genes involved in plant architecture and yield. These potential candidate genes need to be confirmed for future targeted functional analyses. Associated markers to the traits of interest may be valuable resources for the development of marker-assisted selection in oil palm breeding. Keywords: Association mapping, Elaeis guineensis , Elaeis oleifera , genotyping-by-sequencing, plant architecture, yield.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous solution of caffeine on serum level of superoxide dismutase in male Wister rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 046-050
Author(s):  
Chima Daniel ◽  
Onwugbuta Godpower Chukwuemeka ◽  
John Godson Nnamdi
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Animal House

Caffeine is an active ingredient of coffee (Nescafe) as one of the major sources of dietary antioxidant compounds which counteract the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are the main contributors to oxidative stress. This research is carried out to investigate the role of caffeine in modulating superoxide dismutase and caffeine’s contribution to aging. Forty five sexually matured albino rats with weights ranging from 120-200g were purchased from the animal house of the Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt. These animals were divided into five groups according to their weights and were housed in fifteen well ventilated cages containing sawdust which serves as beddings for the comfort of the animals and for easy removal of their feaces. They were fed daily with animal feed, water ad libitum and allowed to acclimatize for a period of one week, after which their weights were taken and caffeine administration commenced.The results obtained showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the body weight of the animals on days 14 and 21 following the administration of 20mg/kg of the extract when compared with day 0 and a significant (p<0.05) increase in serum superoxide dismutase activity for 100mg/kg on day 14 when compared to the control. The findings of this study suggests that caffeine (NESCAFE) may have little or no significant effect on the activity of superoxide dismutase.

scholarly journals Evaluation of phytochemical and superoxide dismutase activities of Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle from coastal waters of North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-680
Author(s):  
Febry S. I. Menajang ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudi ◽  
Uun Yanuhar ◽  
Endang Yuli Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Concentration Series

Background and Aim: Seagrasses are an excellent and potential bioresource to discover new natural bioactive compounds such as antioxidants that have beneficial effects on health. Natural antioxidants have many functions in biological systems, primarily for defense against oxidation which produces free radicals in food, chemicals, and living systems. This study aimed to discover new natural antioxidant agents, Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle was evaluated for phytochemical constituents and the antioxidant activity against superoxide dismutase (SOD) was assessed. Materials and Methods: Sample specimens of E. acoroides (L.f.) Royle collected from two different areas, Manembo- Nembo, Bitung (SG-A) and Bahoi, Likupang Barat (SG-B) waters, were extracted with methanol and solutions were prepared in a concentration series. Results: Extracts of the seagrass E. acoroides (L.f.) Royle cultivated in different areas have different phytochemical constituents and SOD activities. The secondary metabolites of phenols, flavonoids, and steroids contained in the ethyl acetic extracts of E. acoroides were linearly correlated with their antioxidant activity, which exhibited an IC50 of 7 ppm. Conclusion: E. acoroides (L.f.) Royle samples cultivated in the two areas contained different phytochemical constituent profiles, indicating an effect of environmental factors, and both can be used as potential natural sources of antioxidant compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of 8-Hydroxyquinoline Citrate, Sucrose and Peroxidase Inhibitors on Vase Life of Lisianthus (EUSTOMA GRANDIFLORUM L.) Cut Flowers

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaladin Sharifzadeh ◽  
Moazzam Hassanpour Asil ◽  
Zeynab Roein ◽  
Muhammad Sharifzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Eustoma Grandiflorum

AbstractCut lisianthus flowers have a short vase life, possibly due to blockage of xylem vessels. The effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate, sucrose and peroxidase inhibitors on delaying senescence and extending vase life of cut lisianthus flowers was tested. The peroxidase inhibitors used in this experiment were catechol (CH) (5, 10, 15 mM) and p-phenylenediamine (PD) (5, 10, 15 mM). All vase solutions contained 200 mg-dm-3 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8-HQC) and 3% sucrose. 10 mM CH treatment was the most effective for vase life extension (13.3 days), increasing water uptake, and delaying fresh weight loss. The vase solution containing 10 mM CH significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased peroxidase (POD) activities. Similarly, 10 mM PD increased anthocyanin content more than the other treat–ments. Protein degradation was significantly delayed by application of 5 mM PD. The malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation was reduced when CH at 5 mM and PD in 5 and 15 mM were added to the vase solution. Results indicated that peroxidase inhibitors in combination with 8-HQC and sucrose increase vase life of lisianthus by improving water uptake and delaying fresh weight loss.

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