scholarly journals Pathological Results (Benign/Malignant) Can be Inferred from Macroscopic Findings for Breast Vacuum Associated Biopsy Specimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumi Izumori ◽  
Masako Takahashi ◽  
Soichiro Sasa ◽  
Hiroaki Inoue ◽  
Akira Tangoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Macroscopic Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Histopathological Results

Abstract Background: If the histopathological results could be inferred from the macroscopic findings for breast biopsy specimens, false-negative needle biopsies due to poor specimens could be prevented. However, no research on this has been reported to date.Methods: Biopsy specimens from 101 patients who underwent mammary gland Vacuum Associated Biopsy (VAB) were photographed with a smartphone, and the relationships between the macroscopic findings (presence/absence of turbidity, surface properties, presence/absence of white spots, and characteristic findings) and the pathological results (benign/malignant) were examined.Results: A significant difference was observed with regard to the presence/absence of turbidity: malignancy was detected in 33/37 (89%) specimens with turbidity and in 2/47 (4%) cases without turbidity (p<0.001). A significant difference was also observed regarding the surface properties: malignancy was detected in 14/70 (19%) smooth specimens and in 24/29 (83%) rough specimens (p<0.001). Also, malignancy was detected in 11/13 (85%) specimens with white spots, and the difference was significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: The pathological results (benign/malignant) were able to be predicted from the macroscopic findings for the breast VAB specimens. These findings warrant performance of reproducibility and prospective studies at multiple facilities.

Prognostic value of FDG-PET in Hodgkin lymphoma for posttreatment evaluation. Long-term follow-up results

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (47) ◽  
pp. 2133-2138
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Molnár ◽  
Zsófia Simon ◽  
Zita Borbényi ◽  
Beáta Deák ◽  
LászLÓ Galuska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

In the past few decades Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has become a highly curable malignant disease, as a result of using modern polychemotherapy and irradiation. Differentiation of active tumor from fibrosis or necrosis within residual radiographic masses represents a problem of interpretation. Aims: The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the value of FDG-PET for prediction of remission or relapse in HL. Patients and methods: Data of 128 patients, who had residual masses on CT after completion of their planned treatment, have been analyzed. FDG-PET was performed between January 1995 and February 2005. Results: The median duration of the follow-up from PET was 75.5 months (range: 20–180 months). 89 (70%) patients had negative and 39 (30%) patients had positive FDG-PET results. The numbers of true-positive, true-negative, false-positive and false-negative subjects were 29, 83, 10 and 6, respectively. Sensitivity of post-treatment FDG-PET was 83%, specificity 93%, positive predictive value 74%, negative predictive value 93%, and accuracy 88%. The difference between the event free survival of PET positive and negative cases is highly significant (p = 0.0000), according to the Mantel-Cox test. Conclusion: Our results, in accordance with literature, clearly indicate that patients with negative FDG-PET results are unlikely to progress or relapse during a long follow-up. However, false positive uptake is a problem. We have investigated the effect of age, histological subtype, clinical stage and the type of treatment on the accuracy, but on the basis of these facts we could not find any significant difference. However, the date of the investigation influenced the results: before 2000 the number of false results was significantly higher than after that time, which shows the importance of investigators’ experience.

Protein synthesis and degradation in the mammary gland of lactating goats

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hutton Oddy ◽  
Derek B. Lindsay ◽  
Ivan R. Fleet
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Protein Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

SummaryLactating goats were given a close arterial infusion of [1-14C]leucine and [4,5-3H]4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid into one half of the mammary gland at 2–3 weeks and 34–39 weeks after kidding. Rates of protein synthesis, degradation and net output were determined from measurements of arteriovenous difference and blood flow using a model of leucine metabolism previously developed for muscle (Oddy & Lindsay, 1986). Protein leucine output in milk (Y μmol/min) correlated well with the difference between synthesis and degradation (X μmol/min) derived from the model:There was substantial synthesis and degradation of protein within the mammary gland. Although only an approximate value could be obtained for the partitioning of protein synthesis and degradation between tissue and milk proteins, there was evidence of appreciable turnover of both. There was no significant difference between mammary leucine and protein metabolism in early and late lactation other than that imparted by a greater mass of mammary tissue in early lactation, although there was a tendency for greater oxidation of leucine in late lactation.

Isolation of Malassezia pachydermatis and M. sympodialis from the external ear canal of cats with and without otitis externa

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dizotti ◽  
Selene Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study was to determine the presence of Malassezia spp. in the external ear canal of cats with and without otitis. Forty-five animals were studied, 20 with and 25 without otitis externa (OE). Cerumen or secretion from external ear canal samples was cultured on modified Mycosel agar and sterile olive oil was added to the surface of the medium before specimen seeding. The isolates were analysed for macro- and micromorphology and identified by catalase tests and on the basis of growth on Tween 20, 40, 60 and 80. Malassezia spp. were isolated from 15 out of 20 (75%) animals with otitis and from 7 out of 25 (28%) cats without OE; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Malassezia pachydermatis and M. sympodialis were isolated from 60% (12/20) and 40% (8/20) of cats with otitis, respectively, with no significant difference in the frequency of isolation between the two species. In the microflora of the healthy ear canal M. pachydermatis was significantly more common (6/25, 24%) than M. sympodialis (1/25, 4%). The present investigation confirms that M. sympodialis can also act as an aetiological agent of feline OE, and if commercial veterinary laboratories do not use media with added lipids for the isolation of Malassezia spp., this might lead to false-negative results.

Clinical evaluation of a new thyroglobulin immunoradiometric assay in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Schreivogel ◽  
C. Angerstein ◽  
U. Siefker ◽  
K. Lehmann ◽  
G. Altenvoerde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
Hypothyroid Patient ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryAim: Formal and clinical comparison of a new 3rd-gene-ration-Tg-IRMA (3-G-IRMA; Dynotest®Tg-plus) with a conventional Tg-IRMA (3-G-IRMA; SELco®Tg-assay) for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. In addition we evaluated, if thyroglobulin (Tg) levels above a specific threshold concentration indicate the need for further investigations for residual disease. Patients, methods: Tg concentration of 105 sera of 93 consecutive patients with a differentiated thyroid cancer was determined with both assays and compared at different cut-off values (Dynotest®Tg-plus: 0.2, 1, 2 ng/ml; SELco®Tg-assay: 0.5, 1, 2 ng/ml) with the clinical results in respect to the corresponding TSH concentration. Results: Tg concentration did not show any significant difference (SELco®Tg-assay 0.5 ng/ml, Dynotest® Tg-plus 0.2 ng/ml). The Tg-values of both assays correlated with 97%. However, correlation of recovery in both assays was small (40%). The sensitivities and specificities of both assays at different cut-offs and TSH values did not reveal significant differences. In patients with TSH concentration >30 µU/ml the functional assay sensitivity was superior to arbitrary cut-offs in the decision to start further evaluations. Conclusions: In our study neither formal nor clinical significant differences between two Tg-assays were found. In a hypothyroid patient (TSH >30 µU/ml, Tg concentration exceeding the functional assay sensitivity) further investigations for residual disease are warranted. Higher thresholds are of limited value, due to a inacceptable high rate of false negative results.

Cranial crassicaudiasis in two coastal dolphin species from South Africa is predominantly a disease of immature individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Van Bressem ◽  
P Duignan ◽  
JA Raga ◽  
K Van Waerebeek ◽  
N Fraijia-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Crassicauda spp. (Nematoda) infest the cranial sinuses of several odontocetes, causing diagnostic trabecular osteolytic lesions. We examined skulls of 77 Indian Ocean humpback dolphins Sousa plumbea and 69 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus, caught in bather-protecting nets off KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) from 1970-2017, and skulls of 6 S. plumbea stranded along the southern Cape coast in South Africa from 1963-2002. Prevalence of cranial crassicaudiasis was evaluated according to sex and cranial maturity. Overall, prevalence in S. plumbea and T. aduncus taken off KZN was 13 and 31.9%, respectively. Parasitosis variably affected 1 or more cranial bones (frontal, pterygoid, maxillary and sphenoid). No significant difference was found by gender for either species, allowing sexes to be pooled. However, there was a significant difference in lesion prevalence by age, with immature T. aduncus 4.6 times more likely affected than adults, while for S. plumbea, the difference was 6.5-fold. As severe osteolytic lesions are unlikely to heal without trace, we propose that infection is more likely to have a fatal outcome for immature dolphins, possibly because of incomplete bone development, lower immune competence in clearing parasites or an over-exuberant inflammatory response in concert with parasitic enzymatic erosion. Cranial osteolysis was not observed in mature males (18 S. plumbea, 21 T. aduncus), suggesting potential cohort-linked immune-mediated resistance to infestation. Crassicauda spp. may play a role in the natural mortality of S. plumbea and T. aduncus, but the pathogenesis and population level impact remain unknown.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

Pengaruh Jumlah Pencucian Beras dengan Kadar Klorin

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Indah Purwaningsih ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Iodometric Titration ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract: Chlorine is a green halogen-shaped halogen gas at normal temperature and serves as bleach, stain remover and disinfectant. Chlorine is now widely used for bleaching rice so that less quality rice looks like quality rice. Chlorine is very toxic and causes mucous membrane irritation, highly reactive and very powerful oxidizer. The purpose of this research was to determine the difference of chlorine level in chlorinated rice washed once, twice and 3 times. The sample in this study amounted to 11 samples calculated by replication formula. Each sample was treated 3 times, ie 1 washed once, 2 washed twice and washed 3 times. The samples then examined by iodometric titration method. Based on the results of the study using ANOVA test, 11 samples obtained the average value of chlorine after washed once amount of 0.0176%, after washed twice amount of 0.0111%, and after washed 3 times amount of 0.0052% with the value significance p = 0.03 (p <0.05) at 95% confidence level which means there was a significant difference between chlorine levels in chlorinated rice washed once, twice and 3 times.Abstrak: Klorin merupakan unsur halogen berbentuk gas berwarna kuning kehijauan pada suhu normal danberfungsi sebagai pemutih, penghilang noda maupun desinfektan. Klorin sekarang banyak digunakan untuk bahan pemutih beras agar beras yang kurang berkualitas tampak seperti beras berkualitas. Klorin sangat toksik dan menyebabkan iritasi membran mukosa, sangat reaktif dan merupakan oksidator yang sangat kuat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar klorin pada beras berklorin yang dicuci sebanyak 1 kali, 2 kali dan 3 kali. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 11 sampel yang dihitung dengan rumus replikasi. Setiap sampel diberi perlakuan sebanyak 3 kali, yaitu 1 kali pencucian, 2 kali pencucian dan 3 kali pencucian. Sampel penelitian kemudian diperiksa dengan metode titrasi iodometri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Anova secara komputerisasi terhadap 11 sampel diperoleh nilai rata-rata kadar klorin setelah 1 kali pencucian sebesar 0,0176 %, setelah 2 kali pencucian sebesar 0,0111 %, dan setelah 3 kali pencucian sebesar 0,0052 % dengan nilai signifkansi p = 0,03 (p<0,05) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% yang artinya ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar klorin pada beras berklorin yang dicuci sebanyak 1 kali, 2 kali dan 3 kali.

P-Removal in Completely Mixed Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 325-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
H J. G. W. Donker ◽  
P. Opic ◽  
H. P. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Mixed System ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Mixed Systems ◽  
P Removal

Ca. 60 % of the Dutch activated sludge plants consist of completely mixed systems, experiments have been carried out in completely mixed pilot plants to study the biological P-removal. The research was carried out in two pilot plants. The pilot plants consisted of: anaerobic reactor, anoxic reactor, aerobic reactor and a clarifier. All the reactors were completely mixed. Both plants were fed with settled domestic waste water at a sludge loading of 400 and 250 g COD/kg sludge.day respectively. The results are given below:sludge loading (g COD/kg sludge.day)400400250ratio Anaerobic : Anoxic : Aerobic1: 1:2,71:1:4,11:1:2,7P-removal (%)802875N-removal (%)505065COD-removal (%)858585 It has been shown that there is no significant difference between the results at the two different sludge loadings. Remarkable is the difference between the ratio 1:1:2,7 in combination with the internal recirculation flow anoxic-anaerobic of 160 % and the ratio 1:1:4,1 with a recirculation flow of 30 %. During the start-up at a sludge loading of 250 g COD/kg sludge.day and an internal recirculation flow of 30 %, bulking sludge developed almost immediately. The Premoval was completely disturbed. Increasing the internal recirculation flow to 160% had a positive effect on settling properties and P-removal. This investigation has pointed out that a completely mixed system is suitable for biological P-removal, without negatively affecting the nitrification. Important factors in the process are the ratio anaerobic:anoxic:aerobic and the recirculation flows.

Effect of Levetiracetam on Cognitive Function and Clonic Seizure Frequency in Children with Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 699-703
Author(s):  
Shihao Zhou ◽  
Qiong Zhan ◽  
Xiaomei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Random Number Table ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Executive Ability

Background: This study aimed to explore the clinical effect of levetiracetam in the treatment of children with epilepsy. Methods: 136 children with epilepsy were selected from January 2017 to December 2017. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the experimental group and the conventional group, with 68 cases in each group. The conventional group was treated with valproate, while the experimental group was treated with levetiracetam. The effective rate, the cognitive function and the frequency of clonic seizures in the two groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in attention, executive ability, abstract and orientation scores between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the focus of attention (106.54±6.56), executive ability (105.76±6.77), abstract and directional score (106.65±6.57) were significantly higher than that of the conventional group. The difference in the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the frequency of myoclonic seizures (9.22±0.95) and the frequency of tonic-clonic seizures (11.68±1.36) were found to be significantly lower than those of the conventional group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Levetiracetam is effective in the treatment of children with epilepsy. It can effectively improve the cognitive function of the patients, reduce the frequency of myoclonic seizures and tonic-clonic seizures, and has a high promotion value.

Stability and mutual impact of perception of parental pressure and infants' social support – A study based on the difference between employment status and household income

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092199705
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of this study is to explore the stability and interaction between parental pressure and social research report, as well as the role of employment status and family income levels in this process. This study used a special study on Korean children (PSKC) 2–4 waves. Use t-test, correlation and autoregressive cross-delay modeling to analyze the data. The main findings of this study are: First, over time, parental pressure and mother’s social research report are consistent. Secondly, the pressure of motherhood and childcare has an obvious lagging effect on upbringing, and vice versa. Third, there is no significant difference between working mothers and non-working mothers in terms of the stability of working parents' pressure, social research report and social research report for children's pressure channels. However, parental pressure can only predict the social research report of working mothers. Fourth, there is no significant difference between the stability and interaction of these two structures in household income levels. In short, the results show that, over time, parental pressure is consistent with mother’s social research report. The results also show that there is a significant cross-lag effect between the mothers’ perceptions of mutual pressure analysis. In the process from parental pressure to social research report, I found the difference between working and non-working mothers. The advantage of this study is that the expected longitudinal design was adopted during infancy and the priority between the two structures can be considered. The results of this study can be used as a source of intervention plans to help parents withstand severe parenting pressure and lack of social research report.

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