Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

scholarly journals Perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan yang tinggal di tepi pantai

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne C. Jacobus ◽  
Max F.J Mantik ◽  
Adrian . Umboh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Component

Abstract: Haemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells that serves as a transporter of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. The normal range of haemoglobin values can be used to determine the degree of anemia according to age and gender. Geographical condition such as altitude influences the haemoglobin value. This study aimed to obtain the difference of haemoglobin levels between teenagers with good nutrition status who live at the highland and those at the seaside. This was an observational analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were students with good nutrition status of SMPN 3 Tomohon (living at the highland) and those of SMP Kristen Nazaret Tuminting (living at the seaside). There were 60 students who met the inclusion criteria as follows: adolescent, good nutrition status, healthy, aged 13-15 years, lived at the highland or at the seaside ≥ 6 month, and willing to be performed blood examinations, and had been approved by their parents. The Mann-Whitney test for the difference between haemoglobin levels of the two groups showed a p value < 0,001. Conclusion: There was a very significant difference between haemoglobin levels of good nutrition teenagers who lived at the highland and at the seaside. Keywords: haemoglobin levels, good nutrition, teenagers, highland, seaside  Abstrak: Hemoglobin merupakan komponen utama sel darah merah dan berfungsi sebagai transporter oksigen dan karbon dioksida dalam darah. Batas normal nilai hemoglobin dapat digunakan untuk menetapkan derajat anemia, dengan distribusi usia dan jenis kelamin spesifik didasarkan pada sampel referensi sehat. Kondisi geografis, seperti ketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut menjadi faktor pertimbangan dalam distribusi nilai normal hemoglobin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbedaan kadar hemoglobin antara remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan yang tinggal di tepi pantai. Jenis penelitian ini analitik-observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian yaitu remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan yaitu siswa SMPN 3 Tomohon dan yang di tepi pantai yaitu siswa SMP Kristen Nazaret Tuminting. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 60 remaja yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu gizi baik, sehat, berumur 13-15 tahun, berdomisili di pegunungan atau tepi pantai ≥6 bulan, bersedia dilakukan pemeriksaan darah, dan telah disetujui oleh orang tua. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney mengenai perbedaan kadar hemoglobin antara kedua kelompok menunjukkan nila p <0,001. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang sangat bermakna kadar hemoglobin remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan di tepi pantai.Kata kunci: kadar hemoglobin, remaja gizi baik, pegunungan, tepi pantai

scholarly journals Migraine in Obesity: Is It Prevalent?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aso Sabir Saeed ◽  
◽  
Osama MohammadAmin Shukr
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Migraine Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Migraine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and migraine. It’s still unclear whether migraine is the cause or it's the result of obesity. Objective: We investigated the prevalence of migraine among obese and non-obese individuals and analyzed the relationship between migraine prevalence and obesity. Patients and Methods: This is cross-sectional observational study was carried out at the neurology outpatients’ department of the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, from July 1st , 2018 to September 30, 2019. We interviewed and examined 300 persons, both obese (n=154) and non-obese (n=146), and of both gender. All of them were adults (>18 years old). Each person's weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were measured.The diagnosis of migraine was made according to the International Headache Society’s criteria. Obesity was present if the individual’s BMI is ≥30 and/or waist-to-hip ratio is >0.9 in females and >1.0 in males. Results: Out of the 300 persons, 14 males (8.5%) got migraines while migraine was found in 37 females (27.4%), irrespective of their weight. Out of the 300 persons, the prevalence of migraine among obese individuals was 21.4% (n=33) and while in non-obese individuals was 12.3% (n=18). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p-value=0.045). The overall prevalence of migraine was 16.9% of the persons interviewed. Conclusion: The results showed that migraine is more prevalent among obese persons than non-obese persons and the difference was statistically significant. Keywords: Migraine, obesity, BMI, headache

scholarly journals Perbedaan Penyembuhan Luka Pasca Ekstraksi Gigi Antara Pasien Perokok Dengan Bukan Perokok Di RSGM Unsrat

e-GIGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia A. Kewo ◽  
Damajanty H.C. Pangemanan ◽  
Aurelia Supit
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: To date, there are lots of documentations about the adverse effects of smoking on the oral cavity. Albeit, smoking is still considered as a casual thing in our community. Chemicals contained in the cigarette smoke can irritate the gums and soft tissues of the mouth, thus inhibiting wound healing after tooth extraction. This study was aimed to determine the difference in post-extraction dental wound healing between smokers and non-smokers. This was a comparative analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were obtained by using total sampling method. Subjects consisted of 16 smokers and 16 non-smokers that fulfilled the study eligibility criteria. Their oral cavities were examined to check the signs of inflammation (calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and functio laesa). The results showed that there was a difference in post-extraction wound healing in inflammatory phase between smokers and non-smokers. As many as 9.4% of smoker patients and 34.4% of non-smoker patients recovered at 7 days post extraction. The Mann Whitney U test showed a p-value of 0.005. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in post-extraction wound healing between smokers and non-smokers.Keywords: smokers, non-smokers tooth extraction, wound healing Abstrak: Kebiasaan merokok bukan merupakan hal asing di masyarakat walaupun banyak dokumentasi mengenai akibat buruk dari merokok terhadap rongga mulut. Bahan kimia yang terdapat dalam asap rokok dapat mengiritasi gusi dan jaringan lunak mulut sehingga menghambat penyembuhan luka pasca ekstraksi gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan penyembuhan luka pasca ekstraksi gigi antara pasien perokok dengan bukan perokok. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik komparatif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Terdapat sebanyak 16 orang perokok dan 16 orang bukan perokok sebagai subyek penelitian. Pemeriksaan rongga mulut dilakukan untuk melihat tanda-tanda inflamasi (kalor, dolor, rubor, tumor, dan fungsio laesa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan penyembuhan luka 7 hari pasca ekstraksi gigi pada fase inflamasi antara pasien perokok dengan yang bukan perokok; sebanyak 9,4% pasien perokok dan 34,4% pasien bukan perokok yang sudah sembuh. Hasil uji Mann Whitney U mendapatkan nilai p=0,005. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam penyembuhan luka pasca ekstraksi gigi antara pasien perokok dengan yang bukan perokokKata kunci: perokok, bukan perokok, ekstraksi gigi, penyembuhan luka

scholarly journals Significance of serum-pleural effusion albumin gradient in differentiating transudative and exudative pleural effusions in comparison to light’s criteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Sujatha G. ◽  
Vindhya P. ◽  
Kalyan Kumar K.
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Approximately one million patients develop pleural effusion every year. It is a common clinical disorder and is either a manifestation or a complication of one or other respiratory or non-respiratory disorders. It leads to serious prognosis, if not diagnosed and treated properly. To calculate SEAG and Light’s criteria and to compare SEAG with Light’s criteria in analyzing pleural effusions.Methods: A total of hundred patients were selected for the study. Pleural fluid of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected, when pleural fluid is being tapped for diagnostic thoracocentesis. Venous blood sample was collected along with diagnostic thoracocentesis or within 24 hours of thoracocentesis.  Written informed consent was obtained from them for thoracocentesis.Results: In our study we compared the clinical outcome with outcome as per Pleural fluid/Serum protein ratio (p value of <0.0001), pleural fluid/serum LDH (p value of <0.0001) and pleural fluid LDH (p value of <0.0001) separately and the p values were statistically significant. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Light’s criteria were 77.2%, 100%, 100%, 93.9% respectively. We compared Light’s criteria outcome with clinical outcome and the difference was statistically significant (p value of <0.0001). SEAG showed 100% sensitivity, 97.43% specificity, 91.6% PPV and is 91.66% and NPV is 100%. We compared the clinical outcome with SEAG and there was statistically significant difference (p value of <0.0001). We compared SEAG with Light’s criteria and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.0001). We compared Light’s plus pleural fluid protein gradient with SEAG and the difference is statistically significant (p value of <0.0001).Conclusions: SEAG is more sensitive for classifying transudates and more specific for exudates than Light’s criteria.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Gender, Age, Duration And Frequency Of Hemodialysis Therapy With The Creatinine Level reduction Of Pre And Post Hemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Anny Thuraidah ◽  
Misbawati Misbawati ◽  
Nurlailah Nurlailah ◽  
Haitami Haitami
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
The Relationship

The kidneys are organs of the body that function to regulate water balance in the body, the concentration of electrolytes in the blood and acid-base balance and secretion of waste material. If the kidney fails to function, the patient will need immediate treatment and even undergo hemodialysis (HD) therapy. A critical indicator in determining whether a person with impaired kidney function requires HD therapy is to know the creatinine level. The study aimed to ascertain the differences in creatinine levels pre and post HD also study the relationship between the age, gender, duration and frequency of HD therapy of respondents with the decrease of creatinine levels pre and post. Type of research detailed survey with a cross-sectional design. The sample was taken using a total sampling technique of 35 respondents from H BadaruddinKasimHospitalin Tanjung with a sample examination technique using the Jaffe method. The examination results of creatinine levels average for pre and post hemodialysis was11,36 and 5,58 mg/dl, which decreased 51%. The analysis statistically used Paired T-Test has a p-value = 0,000, indicating a significant difference for creatinine levels pre and post HD. Relationship between Age, Gender, Duration, and Frequency of HD Therapy with the decrease of creatinine levels pre and post HD was analyzed with Spearmen correlation and had p values more than 0,05. It means there was no relation between them. Conclusion there were significant differences in creatinine levels reduction pre and post HD while the relationship between the four of respondent characteristics to the magnitude of creatinine reduction show that there was no significant relationship.

scholarly journals Comparison of Axial Ocular Measurements with Contact and Non-contact Biometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Suhail Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Awais Afzal ◽  
Imran Khalid ◽  
Sehrish Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Graphical Presentation

Purpose:  To compare between non-contact and contact biometry for measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL). Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study:  Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June 2018 to December 2018. Material and Methods:  Eighty-four subjects, (168 non-pathological eyes) visiting the eye outpatients department were recruited by non-probability convenience sampling. Patients with high refractive errors and suffering from any ocular pathology were excluded from the study. CCT, ACD, LT and AL were measured with non-contact Biometer (HAAG Streit) followed by Contact Biometer (Ultrasound) after taking consent from the patient. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-21 and Medcalc software. Normality of quantitative data was checked with Shapiro Wilk test. Independent sample t test was used for parametric variable and Mann Whitney-U test was used for non-parametric data. For the agreement between two techniques Cohen’s Kappa test used and Bland-Altman plot was drawn for graphical presentation. P-value equal or less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results:  Mean age of 84 subject (female: 45.24% and male: 54.76%) was 53.05 ± 13.56 years. The AL was significantly longer for the non-contact measurement with the difference of 0.53 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact pachymetry was significantly higher with the difference of 8.67 ± 20.83 µm (p = 0.046). ACD was significantly deeper for non-contact measurements with the difference of 0.51 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact ultrasound A-scan measured LT significantly thicker with the difference of 0.59 ± 0.56 mm (p < 0.001). Conclusion:  There is significant difference of axial ocular measurements (CCT, ACD, LT and AL) between contact (ultrasound A-scan) and non-contact (HAAG Streit) biometry (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KONSUMSI DAN KADAR KOLESTEROL DARAH ANTARA PEROKOK DAN NON PEROKOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Dina Fahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Cholesterol Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Cigarette smoke contains nicotine which disturbs health. Nicotine is capable of reducing the taste of food, so  there is appetite suppressant. The ability of nicotine in increasing blood liposuction process can affect the increase in blood cholesterol level. The research aims to study the difference between food intake and blood cholesterol level between smokers and non-smokers. This study was a comparative observational analytic study using cross-sectional design. The data of particular  subjects and smoking habit were  obtained from the questionnaire. The food intake was obtained by interview using 2x24 hours food recall form while the blood cholesterol level was obtained by blood sampling which was then analyzed using laboratory test. The subjects were 13 smokers and 13 non-smokers, taken by simple random sampling. The data were analyzed by Independent t-Test. The results have suggested that the difference in the average  food intake and  blood cholesterol level between smokers and non-smokers were not significant. The substantial average difference was found in the level of cholesterol intake, so  the statistical test has showed a significant difference, p-value = 0.005 < α(0.05). Smoking has a harmful effect for health so  people must decrease its consumption or stay abstinent from it. The longer human get exposed to cigarette, the more susceptible they get the illness from it.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pupils’ Knowledge about Kidney Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12811
Author(s):  
Theodore Vassilikopoulos ◽  
Athena Kalokairinou ◽  
Georgia Kourlaba ◽  
Eirini Grapsa
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
General Education ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of renal function knowledge of primary school pupils in Greece. We conducted a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 220 pupils, coming from the 5th and 6th grades of general education schools. A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions was developed from scratch. However, based on an analysis of Cronbach’s alpha values obtained when individual questions were deleted, two questions were removed from the analysis, and only nine remained for analysis and participated in the calculation of the knowledge score. Moreover, the gender and daily habits of pupils regarding water consumption and frequency of urination were recorded. Pupils had a high percentage of correct knowledge about the number of kidneys (95.2%), whether a child may have problems with the kidneys (85.5%) and whether a person can survive with one kidney (68.5%). Low levels of knowledge were observed in the function and role of the kidneys (36.4%), as well as the part of the body where the kidneys are located (30.9%). The median (interquartile range (IQR)) total knowledge score was 6 (5–7), with no difference detected between genders (p = 0.135). A statistically significant difference between pupils of 5th and 6th grades was found but the difference did not seem to be clinically significant (p = 0.035). The present research demonstrates that pupils’ knowledge of renal function and the protection of their kidneys needs improvement.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU BERSALIN DI PUSKESMAS DENGAN DI BIDAN PRAKTIK MANDIRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Fatihatul Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Average Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Maternal mortality rate is higher in assisted childbirth rather than that of natural childbirth. The unresolved anxiety can cause childbirth to last longer and lead to assisted childbirth. Childbirth environment at the hospital can increase maternal anxiety which results in disturbing uterine contraction so that action should be taken to speed up the delivery process. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in anxiety level between mothers who give birth at the Public Health Center and those who give birth at Private Midwife Center. The study was conducted by cross-sectional design on 74 mothers in labor. They were divided into two groups: those who give birth at Public Health Center and those who give birth at Private Midwife Center with consecutive sampling technique.Data were then analyzed by conducting Independent T test. The result showed that the first group had higher average score of anxiety than the second group with p value < 0.05.The study suggested that there was significant difference between giving birth at Public Health Center and giving birth of Private Midwife Center

scholarly journals The Difference of Serum Gastrin-17 Level Based on Gastritis Severity and Helicobacter Pylori Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1266-1269
Author(s):  
Dumawan Harris Parhusip ◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Leonardo Basa Dairi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Gastrin ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sydney System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
H Pylori

BACKGROUND: Gastritis was defined as the histological presence of gastric mucosal inflammation. One of the most common aetiology was H. pylori. Gastrin-17 was a hormone that was secreted by G cells. H. pylori infection induced increased in gastrin-17 in gastritis. Therefore, this study was to investigate the relationship of gastrin-17 with gastritis severity and H. pylori infection. AIM: To determine the difference in serum Gastrin-17 level based on gastritis severity and H. pylori infection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study enrolling 45 patients with gastritis was conducted in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital between April and July 2018. Endoscopy and biopsy examinations were performed to confirm the diagnosis of gastritis. Gastritis severity was assessed using the Updated Sydney System. The presence of H. pylori infection was detected by a Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) examination. Gastrin-17 level and demographic data were also gathered. The analysis was done using Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Serum Gastrin-17 level was significantly different based on gastritis severity (P = 0.001 according to neutrophils infiltration and P = 0.023 according to degree of atrophy), H. pylori infection (P = 0.038), and combined gastritis severity and H. pylori infection (P < 0.001). Serum Gastrin-17 level was higher in subjects with severe neutrophils infiltration, without atrophy, and with H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in serum Gastrin-17 level based on gastritis severity and H. pylori infection.

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