scholarly journals An Investigation Towards Understanding the Role of CDH1 Gene in Different Types of Breast Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Sengupta ◽  
Raja Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regular Function ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cdh1 Gene ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Genetic Aberration ◽  
Breast Tissues

Abstract At recent age breast cancer attracts the attention of both the medical and the scientific community for its deadly occurrence throughout the globe as it is considered to be happened due to genetic aberration. Out of several genes expressed, it is found that cadherin 1, type 1 (CDH1) is responsible in several ways to control the metabolic order in human. Very recently it has been shown that deregulation of the function of protein E-cadherin, expressed from CDH1 plays an important role in lobular breast cancer. In order to understand the root cause of this recent claim, we focus on CDH1 gene whether the genetic information translated due to any deviation/alteration/modification in its sequence is related for the occurrence of the several other types of this deadly disease. Towards this end, study of the available genomic sequences of CDH1 gene obtained from the Sanger Database for 79 patients, suffering from various types of breast cancer, clearly emphasizes that alternation/modification in the sequence of the CDH1 gene can be detrimental. This would affect the regular function of the cell which may have a potential role in damaging the different types of breast tissues, causing malfunction and leading to breast cancers.

scholarly journals An investigation towards understanding the role of CDH1 gene in different types of Breast Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Sengupta ◽  
Raja Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Regular Function ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cdh1 Gene ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Genetic Aberration ◽  
Breast Tissues

AbstractAt recent age breast cancer attracts the attention of both the medical and the scientific community for its deadly occurrence throughout the globe as it is considered to be happened due to genetic aberration. Out of several genes expressed, it is found that cadherin 1, type 1 (CDH1) is responsible in several ways to control the metabolic order in human. Hence we focus on CDH1 gene whether any deviation in it especially alteration/modification in its sequence is responsible for the occurrence of this deadly disease. Towards this end study of the available genomic sequences of CDH1 gene of several patients, suffering from various types of breast cancer (obtained from the Sanger Database), are studied. The results emphasizes that alternation/modification in the sequence of the CDH1 gene affect its regular function which may have a potential role in damaging the different types of breast tissues, causing malfunction and leading to breast cancers in patients.

scholarly journals ER81 Expression in Breast Cancers and Hyperplasia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
YuanYuan Wang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
XuanTao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Carcinogenesis ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Breast Tissues

ER81 is a transcription factor that may contribute to breast cancer; however, little known about the role of ER81 in breast carcinogenesis. To investigate the role of ER81 in breast carcinogenesis, we examined ER81 expression in IDC, DCIS, ADH, HUT, and normal breast tissues by immunohistochemical staining. We found that ER81 overexpression was detected in 25.7% (9/35) of HUT, 41.2% (7/17) of ADH, 54.5% (12/22) of DCIS, and 63.0% (51/81) of IDC. In 20 of breast cancer tissues combined with DCIS, ADH, and HUT, ER81 expression was found in 14/20 (70%) IDC. In these 14 cases all cases were ER81 positive expression in DCIS, 13 of 14 cases were positively expressed of ER81 in ADH and 8 of 14 were positive for ER81 in HUT components. A statistical significance was found between NBT and HUT () and HUT and ADH (). Clinical-pathological features analysis of breast cancer revealed that ER81 expression was significantly associated with Her2 amplification and was negatively associated with ER and PR expression. Our results demonstrated that ER81 overexpression was present in the early stage of breast development that suggested that ER81 overexpression may play an important role in breast carcinogenesis.

The role of the clinical pharmacist in guiding adjuvant hormonal therapy in patients with breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110293
Author(s):  
Amanda V Pirolli ◽  
Tatiana Brusamarello ◽  
Stella S Everton ◽  
Vânia M S Andrzejevski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancers

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, affecting about 2.1 million worldwide and is responsible for the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. Approximately 80% of breast cancers express on the surface of hormone receptor cells, such as progesterone and estrogen. In these cases, Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy (AHT) is indicated for a period of five to ten years and consists of taking a daily oral pill. The two most used drugs in AHT are tamoxifen and Aromatase Inhibitors. One of the issues most faced by individuals who are subjected to long periods of treatment is the lack of medication adherence and, consequently, therapeutic inefficiency. It is believed that the monitoring by the pharmacist can contribute to the reduction of errors inherent to the medication, making the treatment more effective and improving the patient's quality of life. The present study aimed to know the perception of patients who live with breast cancer and who do AHT in relation to the educational performance of the clinical pharmacist. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, carried out from March to October 2020, with 15 women undergoing treatment at the oncology unit of a tertiary-care hospital in south of Brazil. The data were obtained through a semi-structured interview using an instrument composed of two parts, one referring to the characterization of the participants and the other with the guiding question of the research: "How do you perceive the role of the pharmacist in relation to the guidelines for the use of adjuvant hormonal therapy?". The method of theoretical saturation was used to perform the sample closure and the thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The participants were between 32 and 74 years old, seven were on tamoxifen therapy and eight on anastrozole, ten were on the first year of treatment, two on the second and three on the third year. The themes that emerged were: pharmacist-patient interaction as a safety factor in hormone therapy; role of the pharmacist in the development of strategies for self-management of the patients during hormone therapy; and, challenges for the pharmacist in relation to hormone therapy through continued guidance. It was evident that the pharmacist's educational action encouraged the participants to carry out the treatment in a more confident and assertive manner according to their particularities and beliefs.

scholarly journals The Roles of DNA Demethylases in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Shoghag Panjarian ◽  
Jean-Pierre J. Issa
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
High Propensity ◽  
Dna Methylation Profile

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are very heterogenous, molecularly diverse, and are characterized by a high propensity to relapse or metastasize. Clinically, TNBC remains a diagnosis of exclusion by the lack of hormone receptors (Estrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR)) as well as the absence of overexpression and/or amplification of HER2. DNA methylation plays an important role in breast cancer carcinogenesis and TNBCs have a distinct DNA methylation profile characterized by marked hypomethylation and lower gains of methylations compared to all other subtypes. DNA methylation is regulated by the balance of DNA methylases (DNMTs) and DNA demethylases (TETs). Here, we review the roles of TETs as context-dependent tumor-suppressor genes and/or oncogenes in solid tumors, and we discuss the current understandings of the oncogenic role of TET1 and its therapeutic implications in TNBCs.

scholarly journals Oncogenic UBE3C promotes breast cancer progression by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Hang ◽  
Shanojie Zhao ◽  
Tiejun Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Ubiquitin Protein Ligase ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
First Time ◽  
Breast Tissues

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common female malignancy worldwide and has the highest morbidity among all cancers in females. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of BrCa growth and metastasis, which lead to a poor prognosis in BrCa patients, have not been well characterized. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a BrCa tissue microarray (TMA) containing 80 samples to evaluate ubiquitin protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) expression. In addition, a series of cellular experiments were conducted to reveal the role of UBE3C in BrCa. Results In this research, we identified UBE3C as an oncogenic factor in BrCa growth and metastasis for the first time. UBE3C expression was upregulated in BrCa tissues compared with adjacent breast tissues. BrCa patients with high nuclear UBE3C expression in tumors showed remarkably worse overall survival (OS) than those with low nuclear expression. Knockdown of UBE3C expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 BrCa cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, while overexpression of UBE3C in these cells exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, UBE3C promoted β-catenin nuclear accumulation, leading to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BrCa cells. Conclusion Collectively, these results imply that UBE3C plays crucial roles in BrCa development and progression and that UBE3C may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of BrCa.

NEURAL CLASSIFICATION OF MASS ABNORMALITIES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEATURES IN DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY

2006 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PANCHAL ◽  
B. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Test Dataset ◽  
Benchmark Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Mass Type

Early detection of breast abnormalities remains the primary prevention against breast cancer despite the advances in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Presence of mass in breast tissues is highly indicative of breast cancer. The research work presented in this paper investigates the significance of different types of features using proposed neural network based classification technique to classify mass type of breast abnormalities in digital mammograms into malignant and benign. 14 gray level based features, four BI-RADS features, patient age feature and subtlety value feature have been explored using the proposed research methodology to attain maximum classification on test dataset. The proposed research technique attained a 91% testing classification rate with a 100% training classification rate on digital mammograms taken from the DDSM benchmark database.

scholarly journals Role of the NUDT Enzymes in Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2267
Author(s):  
Roni H. G. Wright ◽  
Miguel Beato
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Metastatic Colonization ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Aggressive Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Metastatic Process

Despite global research efforts, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The majority of these deaths are due to metastasis occurring years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor and occurs at a higher frequency in hormone receptor-positive (Estrogen and Progesterone; HR+) breast cancers. We have previously described the role of NUDT5 (Nudix-linked to moiety X-5) in HR+ breast cancer progression, specifically with regards to the growth of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). BCSCs are known to be the initiators of epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT), metastatic colonization, and growth. Therefore, a greater understanding of the proteins and signaling pathways involved in the metastatic process may open the door for therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we discuss the role of NUDT5 and other members of the NUDT family of enzymes in breast and other cancer types. We highlight the use of global omics data based on our recent phosphoproteomic analysis of progestin signaling pathways in breast cancer cells and how this experimental approach provides insight into novel crosstalk mechanisms for stratification and drug discovery projects aiming to treat patients with aggressive cancer.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNA ARAP1-AS1 accelerates cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer through miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Lu ◽  
Xiuhua Wang ◽  
Xiangwang Zhao ◽  
Yue Xin ◽  
Chunping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Tumor Promoter ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) poses a great threaten to women health. Numerous evidences suggest the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BC development. In the present study, we intended to investigate the role of ARAP1-AS1 in BC progression. First of all, the GEPIA data suggested that ARAP1-AS1 was highly expressed in breast invasive carcinoma (BRAC) tissues compared with the normal breast tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of ARAP1-AS1 was greatly up-regulated in BC cell lines. ARAP1-AS1 knockdown led to repressed proliferation, strengthened apoptosis and blocked migration of BC cells. Moreover, ARAP1-AS1 could boost HDAC2 expression in BC through sponging miR-2110 via a ceRNA mechanism. Of note, the UCSC predicted that HDAC2 was a potential transcriptional regulator of PLIN1, an identified tumor suppressor in BC progression. Moreover, we explained that the repression of HDAC2 on PLIN1 was owing to its deacetylation on PLIN1 promoter. More importantly, depletion of PLIN1 attenuated the mitigation function of ARAP1-AS1 silence on the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. To sum up, ARAP1-AS1 serves a tumor-promoter in BC development through modulating miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis, which may help to develop novel effective targets for BC treatment.

scholarly journals Type 1 Nuclear Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer: Translating Preclinical Insights to the Clinic

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Allegra Freelander ◽  
Elgene Lim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Receptor Activity ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Major Breast

The nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in all major subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen receptor α (ER), and anti-estrogenic therapies remain the backbone of treatment, leading to clinically impactful improvements in patient outcomes. This serves as a blueprint for the development of therapies targeting other nuclear receptors. More recently, pivotal findings into modulating the progesterone (PR) and androgen receptors (AR), with accompanying mechanistic insights into NR crosstalk and interactions with other proliferative pathways, have led to clinical trials in all of the major breast cancer subtypes. A growing body of evidence now supports targeting other Type 1 nuclear receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as Type 2 NRs such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we reviewed the existing preclinical insights into nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer, with a focus on Type 1 NRs. We also discussed the potential to translate these findings into improving patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Molecular basis of distinct oestrogen responses in endometrial and breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Baxter ◽  
Karolina Windloch ◽  
Greg Kelly ◽  
Jason S Lee ◽  
Frank Gannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Oestrogen Signalling

Up to 80% of endometrial and breast cancers express oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Unlike breast cancer, anti-oestrogen therapy has had limited success in endometrial cancer, raising the possibility that oestrogen has different effects in both cancers. We investigated the role of oestrogen in endometrial and breast cancers using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) in conjunction with cell line studies. Using phosphorylation of ERα (ERα-pSer118) as a marker of transcriptional activation of ERα in TCGA datasets, we found that genes associated with ERα-pSer118 were predominantly unique between tumour types and have distinct regulators. We present data on the alternative and novel roles played by SMAD3, CREB-pSer133 and particularly XBP1 in oestrogen signalling in endometrial and breast cancer.

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