scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey on Attitudes of Men Who Have Sex With Men Towards Anal Self-Examination for Detection of Anal Syphilis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ei T Aung ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Jason J Ong ◽  
Tiffany P Phillips ◽  
Marcus Y Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Future ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Self Examination

Abstract Studies suggest men who have sex with men (MSM) practising receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary syphilis, implying primary anorectal lesions are likely to be missed. If men could detect anorectal lesions in the primary stage by regular anal self-examination (ASE), transmission could be reduced by early diagnosis and treatment. We aimed to explore the attitudes of MSM on performing ASE to detect primary anorectal syphilis. An online anonymous cross-sectional survey among MSM over 18 years of age living in Australia, was conducted between July and November 2020 and recruitment was from a sexual health clinic and social media. A total of 574 MSM completed the survey (median age: 34 [IQR 27–45]): 32% (183) had previously performed ASE. Among 56% (374) who had never performed ASE, 68% (250) would consider performing ASE in the future with a preferred median frequency of 2 times per 4 weeks (IQR: 1–4), whilst men who were already performing ASE were performing it at median 1 per 4 weeks (IQR: 0.2-3). Almost two-thirds of MSM who had never performed ASE were willing to adopt ASE practice in the future. Studies are required to determine the effectiveness of ASE for syphilis detection.

scholarly journals Exploring the attitudes of men who have sex with men on anal self-examination for early detection of primary anorectal syphilis: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ei T. Aung ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Jason J. Ong ◽  
Jade E. Bilardi ◽  
Marcus Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Self Examination

Abstract Background Studies show men who have sex with men (MSM) practising receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary syphilis, suggesting anorectal primary lesions are being missed. Regular anal self-examination might be able to detect anorectal syphilis lesions, hence potentially reducing transmission. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of MSM on performing anal self-examination to detect primary syphilis. Methods In this qualitative study, 20 MSM over 18 years of age were purposively sampled from a sexual health clinic to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically. Results Four major themes and 12 sub-themes were generated from the study: (1) reasons for performing anal self-examination, (2) preferred educational resources for anal self-examination, (3) attitudes towards partner anal examination, and (4) acceptability of anal self-examination. Most participants had performed some form of anal self-examination in the past, and, just over half performed regularly for mostly health-related concerns. Most participants who infrequently or never performed anal self-examination were agreeable to perform regularly if it was recommended by health professionals with appropriate guidance. Participants preferred education on anal self-examination from health professionals and trusted online learning resources. Conclusion Our study showed MSM were agreeable to anal self-examination however would like to receive education and training to gain more confidence in conducting anal self-examination as a screening tool. Further studies are required to explore the adherence and acceptability of anal self-examination for syphilis prior to studies examining efficacy. The study provides foundation for any future policy aiming at utilising anal self-examination as a screening tool for syphilis among MSM.

scholarly journals Exploring the Attitudes of Men who Have Sex with Men on Anal Self-Examination for Early Detection of Primary Anorectal Syphilis: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ei T Aung ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Jason J Ong ◽  
Jade E Bilardi ◽  
Marcus Y Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Self Examination

Abstract Background: Studies show men who have sex with men (MSM) practising receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary syphilis, suggesting anorectal primary lesions are being missed. Regular anal self-examination might be able to detect anorectal syphilis lesions, hence potentially reducing transmission. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of MSM on performing anal self-examination to detect primary syphilis.Methods: In this qualitative study, 20 MSM over 18 years of age were purposively sampled from a sexual health clinic to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically.Results: Four major themes and 12 sub-themes emerged from the study: (1) reasons for performing anal self-examination, (2) preferred resources for anal self-examination, (3) attitudes towards partner anal examination, and (4) acceptability of anal self-examination.Most participants had performed some form of anal self-examination in the past, and, just over half performed regularly for mostly health-related concerns. Most participants who infrequently or never performed anal self-examination were agreeable to perform regularly if it was recommended by health professionals with appropriate guidance. Participants preferred education on anal self-examination from health professionals and trusted online learning resources. Conclusion: Our study showed MSM were agreeable to anal self-examination however would like to receive education and training to gain more confidence in conducting anal self-examination as a screening tool. Further studies are required to explore the adherence and acceptability of anal self-examination for syphilis prior to studies examining efficacy. Policy implications: The study provides foundation for any future policy aiming at utilising anal self-examination as a screening tool for syphilis among MSM.

scholarly journals Trends and differences in sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW): a repeated cross-sectional study in Melbourne, Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037608
Author(s):  
Mario Martín-Sánchez ◽  
Richard Case ◽  
Christopher Fairley ◽  
Jane S Hocking ◽  
Catriona Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesIn the 2010s, there has been an increase in sexually transmitted infections (STI) in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Australia, and since 2015 also in urban heterosexuals. Men who have sex with both men and women (MSMW) have characteristics that may differ from both men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and heterosexual men. We aimed to compare the sexual practices and the trends in HIV/STI positivity between MSMO and MSMW.DesignRepeated cross-sectional study.SettingA sexual health centre in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsMSM aged 18 years and above who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre for the first time between 2011 and 2018. This includes 12 795 MSMO and 1979 MSMW.Primary outcome measuresDemographic characterics, sexual practices and HIV/STI positivity.ResultsCompared with MSMW, MSMO were more likely to practice anal sex and to have condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners, and less likely to have a current regular relationship. Over the 8-year period, there was an increase in condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners for both groups (MSMO: from 46.2% to 63.3%, ptrend <0.001; MSMW: from 41.3% to 57.9%, ptrend=0.011). Syphilis positivity increased in MSMO (from 5.5% to 7.9%, ptrend=0.012) and MSMW (from 0.9% to 6.4%, ptrend=0.004) and HIV remained stable. Gonorrhoea increased among MSMO from 2011 to 2014 (from 6.7% to 9.6%, ptrend=0.002), and remained stable from 2015 to 2018. MSMO had higher odds of testing positive for gonorrhoea (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.36, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.64), chlamydia (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.67), syphilis (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.22) and HIV (aOR 4.60, 95% CI 2.43 to 8.70) than MSMW.ConclusionsMSMW have overall lower condomless sex and lower HIV/STI positivity. In the last years, changes in sexual practices in MSM have affected both MSMW and MSMO leading to an increased STI risk.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Use of Latex Condom-Compatible Lubricants by Men Who Have Sex with Men in India: Implications for HIV Prevention

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreena Ramanathan ◽  
Venkatesan Chakrapani ◽  
Lakshmi Ramakrishnan ◽  
Prabuddhagopal Goswami ◽  
Diwakar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Sex With Men

We examined the prevalence and type of rectal lubricants use and factors associated with exclusive use of latex-condom compatible lubricants (water-based lubricants) among men who have sex with men (MSM) using data from a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009/10 in three Indian states. Using time-location cluster sampling, 3880 MSM were recruited from cruising sites. We used multiple logistic regression to assess the association between type of lubricants used and sociodemographic and programmatic indicators. Among those who reported using lubricants (64%) more than half (53%) exclusively used water-based lubricants, less than one-tenth used exclusively oil-based lubricants, and nearly 40% used both water-based and oil-based lubricants. Factors associated with exclusive use of water-based lubricants were exposure to HIV prevention interventions (AOR: 6.18, 95% CI 4.82 to 7.92) and kothi-identified MSM—feminine/anal-receptive (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI 2.12 to 3.10). Targeted HIV interventions among MSM need to promote and distribute latex condom-compatible lubricants for use during anal sex—irrespective of their presumed or stated sexual role in anal sex, and educate them not to use oil-based lubricants with condoms.

scholarly journals Oral, Vaginal and Anal Sexual Practices among Heterosexual Males and Females Attending a Sexual Health Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Melbourne, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12668
Author(s):  
Tiffany R. Phillips ◽  
Heidi Constantinou ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Catriona S. Bradshaw ◽  
Kate Maddaford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vaginal Sex

Sex practices among heterosexuals are not well studied. We aimed to explore sexual practices among heterosexuals attending a sexual health clinic. This cross-sectional survey was conducted at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between March and April 2019. Data were collected on kissing, oral sex (fellatio or cunnilingus), vaginal sex, anal sex and rimming in the previous 3 months. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between engaging in anal sex and other sex practices. There were 709 participants (333 men; 376 women) who were eligible and completed the survey (response rate was 24.6%). In the past 3 months, most participants had had vaginal sex (n = 677; 95.5%), with a mean of 3.0 (standard deviation (SD): 3.9) vaginal sex partners, and half reported engaging in condomless vaginal sex in the past 3 months (n = 358; 50.1%). A total of 135 (19.0%) participants had had anal sex, with a mean of 1.3 (SD: 1.0) anal sex partners, with 63.5% (n = 94) engaging in any condomless anal sex in the past 3 months. Most participants (n = 637, 89.8%) had received oral sex in the past 3 months; this proportion did not differ by age group or gender. Women (n = 351, 93.4%) were more likely to perform oral sex than men (n = 275; 82.6% men) (p < 0.001) and to have received rimming (26.6% women vs. 12.6% men; p < 0.001). Men were more likely to have performed rimming (25.5% men vs. 9.3% women; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, number of partners and sexual practice, anal sex was associated with being ≥35 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2–4.2), receiving rimming (aOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 2.4–6.0) and performing rimming (aOR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8–4.6). Rimming and anal sex are practiced by one-fifth or more of heterosexuals. Older heterosexuals were more likely to engage in anal sex and to perform rimming. Future research should consider the benefits of testing extragenital sites where appropriate.

High rates of unprotected receptive anal sex and vulnerabilities to HIV infection among Brazilian men who have sex with men

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242096899
Author(s):  
Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz ◽  
Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa ◽  
Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo ◽  
Sandra Brignol ◽  
Renata Karina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Group Sex

This study aimed to evaluate unprotected receptive anal sex intercourse (URAI) rates and vulnerabilities to HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) that use geosocial networking dating apps in Brazil. An online, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out with 2,250 MSM. The analyzed variables were grouped according to domains of vulnerability and analyzed by bi and multivariate statistics to calculate the Adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR). The prevalence of self-reported HIV was 7.1%; and of URAI, 23.4%. The studied variables that increased the chances of engaging in URAI were: identifying as homosexual (aOR = 8.30; 95%CI = 5.68:12.04), pansexual (aOR = 5.01; 95%CI  = 2.04:12.38), or bisexual (aOR = 3.14; 95%CI = 2.03:4.80), using apps for obtaining sex (aOR = 1.3; 95%CI = 1.0:1.5), engaging in group sex (aOR = 1.6; 95%CI = 1.3:2.0), and reporting chemsex (aOR = 1.5; 95%CI = 1.1:2.0). Self-reported positive HIV status was associated with: less than a minimum wage income (aOR = 1.78; 95%CI = 1.22:2.58), lower education (aOR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.31 CI; 2,64), not knowing the partner’s HIV status (aOR = 1.84; 95%CI = 1.06:3.19), practicing group sex (aOR = 1.67; 95%CI = 1.04; 2.68), and chemsex (aOR = 2.03; 95%CI =1.06:3.19). The applications interaction is shaped by their own users to better meet their desires and needs. However, this behavior exposes individuals to HIV vulnerabilities.

scholarly journals Blocking and Being Blocked on Gay Dating Apps Among MSM Attending a Sexual Health Clinic: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Laura Forastiere ◽  
Kamila Janmohamed ◽  
Tiange Zhang ◽  
Yongjie Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background: While studies on blocking, a behavior on dating apps, and men who have sex with men (MSM) health outcomes have been conducted in other nations, albeit limited and mostly using qualitative techniques, no such study has been conducted in China, de-spite its large MSM population and relationship between Chinese MSM gay app use and health outcomes. We studied the correlates of blocking on the world’s largest gay dating app among Chinese MSM (N=208). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey as part of an HIV testing intervention in Guangzhou, China, May - December 2019. Using logistic regression models, we estimated the cor- relates of blocking. Results: MSM had a mean age of 27. years (SD=7.1) and median of sexual partner in the last three months. About 62% had blocked someone in their lifetime and 46% had been blocked in their lifetime. Each additional male partner was associated with an 87% (aOR=1.87, 95%CI= 1.03, 3.40) increased chance of being blocked.Conclusions: Number of male partners may be associated with blocking behavior, with implications for the design of online sexual health interventions.

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