scholarly journals A 10-Year Monitoring of Soil Properties Dynamics and Soil Fertility Evaluation in Chinese Hickory Plantation Regions of Southeastern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jin ◽  
Luoqi Wang ◽  
Karin Muller ◽  
Jiasen Wu ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Available P ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Available N

Abstract Long-term monitoring shows intensive management can significantly change soil properties and cause soil degradation. Knowledge related to the spatio-temporal variation of soil properties and their influencing factors are important for nutrient management of economic forest plantation. Here, we conducted an intensive field investigation in Chinese hickory plantation to clarify the spatial and temporal variation of soil properties and its influencing factors, and to evaluate the change of soil fertility. The results showed that the soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly increased from 2008 to 2018, while available N significantly decreased from 2008 to 2018. The semi-variance revealed that except available P, the spatial dependencies of soil properties increased from 2008 to 2018. An increasing south-north gradient was found for soil available N, available P, available K and SOC and a decreasing south-north gradient was found for soil pH. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the change of soil properties from 2008 to 2018 was mainly influenced by anthropogenic factors. The average soil fertility in the whole area was at a medium level from 2008 to 2018. These change of soil properties can provide a reference basis for monitoring the effects of intensive management on soil environment.

scholarly journals A 10-year monitoring of soil properties dynamics and soil fertility evaluation in Chinese hickory plantation regions of southeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jin ◽  
Luoqi Wang ◽  
Karin Müller ◽  
Jiasen Wu ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Spatial Dependencies

AbstractMonitoring the temporal and spatial variation of soil properties is helpful to understand the evolution of soil properties and adjust the management method in time. Soil fertility evaluation is an urgent need to understand soil fertility level and prevent soil degradation. Here, we conducted an intensive field investigation in Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) plantation to clarify the spatial and temporal variation of soil properties and its influencing factors, and to evaluate the change of soil fertility. The results showed that the soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly increased from 2008 to 2018, while available nitrogen (AN) significantly decreased from 2008 to 2018. The semi-variance revealed that except available phosphorus (AP), the spatial dependencies of soil properties increased from 2008 to 2018. An increasing south-north gradient was found for soil AN, AP, available potassium (AK) and SOC and a decreasing south-north gradient was found for soil pH. The average soil fertility in the whole area was increased from 2008 to 2018. Our findings demonstrated that the changes of the management measures were the reason for the change of soil properties from 2008 to 2018. Therefore, rational fertilization strategies and sod cultivation are recommended to maintain the long-term development of the producing forest.

scholarly journals Spatial mapping of soil properties in Konkan region of India experiencing anthropogenic onslaught

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247177
Author(s):  
Ram Ratan Verma ◽  
Tapendra Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Pushpa Singh ◽  
B. L. Manjunath ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Spatial Mapping ◽  
Available N ◽  
Management Zones ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fe And Mn

Soils of Indian Konkan region, part of ecologically sensitive Western Ghats have been subjected to anthropogenic activities of late. This has endangered the ecological security through conspicuous losses in topsoil quality. The rationale of the present study was to map the soil properties and create management zones for ensuring food and nutritional security. The study was conducted in South Goa district of the state of Goa located in Konkan region. A total of 258 geo-referenced soil samples were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, SOC, available N, P, K and DTPA extractable micronutrients viz., Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. Soil pH was found to be in acidic range. A wide variability existed in SOC content ranging from 0.12–5.85%. EC was mostly neutral with mean value 0.08±0.37 dSm-1, while available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) varied in range from 56.4–621.6 kg ha-1, 0.5–49.7 kg ha-1 and 31.5–786.2 kg ha-1 with mean values 211.2±76.9, 8.4±8.2 and 202.3±137.6 kg ha-1, respectively. A wide range was exhibited by cationic DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn with mean values, 0.22±0.30, 0.44±0.60, 7.78±5.98 and 7.86±5.86 mg kg-1, respectively. Soil pH exhibited significant positive correlation with EC, AP AK and Zn and negative correlation with Fe and Cu. SOC exhibited significantly correlated with AN, AP, AK, Zn and Fe. Geo-statistical analysis revealed J-Bessel as best fit semivariogram model for pH, AP and AK; Rational Quadratic for EC, SOC, Zn and Mn; Hole effect for AN; Stable for Cu and K-Bessel for Fe for their spatial mapping. Four principal components showed eigenvalues more than one and cumulative variability of 59.38%. Three distinct soil management zones showing significant variation in soil properties were identified and delineated for wider scale management of soils. Precision nutrient management based on spatial variation and their mapping would enable refined agricultural and environmental management practices in the region.

scholarly journals Changes in Some Soil Properties and Available P Under Phosphorus Integrated management of Sunflower Plant (Helianthus annuus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 337-351
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Mustafa ◽  
Mohammed A. Abdulkareem
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Available P

Field experiment was conducted in Mohajaran region, Abu-Al-Khaseeb district, Basrah province during the growing season 2018. The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of integration of chemical fertilizer (triple superphosphate) with manure (cattle residue) and/ or biofertilizer (Aspergillus niger) on some soil properties and phosphorus availability to sunflower during growing season. Samples were collected at seedling, vegetative growth, flowering and post-harvest stage. pH, EC, moisture content and available P were determined. Results showed that application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P, but showed no effect on soil moisture content. Soil pH decreased and EC increased at seedling stage, while EC was decreased at harvest. Available P values were increased at all growing stages. Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage, soil moisture, and available P at all growing stages.. Inoculation the seeds with A. niger showed no significant effect on  soil pH, EC, and soil moisture but significantly increased available P, at vegetative growth and flowing stages . Results  showed that the effect of biofertilizer on available P was in bar with the application of manure at rate of 15 Mg ha-1 .Highest  value of available P was associated with combination of 120 Kg P ha-1 + 30 Mg ha-1 + inoculation with fungus.

scholarly journals Investigation of soil properties and pesticide intensity in crop lands at Tangail region of Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
TN Shila ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MMM Hoque ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
MR Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available N ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Crop Land ◽  
Exchangeable Ca

The study was conducted to investigate the soil properties and pesticide intensity in rice, banana and brinjal growing agricultural land of Delduar and Sakhipur upazila of Tangail district during July 2019 to June 2020. Forty five soil samples were collected from different crop land at the study area and analyzed in the Soil Resource Development Institute to determine the soil properties as pH, total organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), available sulfur (S), available zinc (Zn), exchangeable potassium (K), exchangeable magnesium (Mg) and exchangeable calcium (Ca). However, pesticide used intensity was also evaluated through questionnaire survey with farmers and stakeholders in the study area. Results showed that pH, OM, available N, exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg content were significantly higher in rice growing land than banana and brinjal. On the other hand, available P, exchangeable K and available Zn content were substantially higher in brinjal growing land than rice and banana. The OM showed significant positive correlation with soil pH, available N, available S, exchangeable Mg and exchangeable Ca (r=0.37, 0.99, 0.31, 0.59 and 0.63, respectively), indicated rice growing land built up these soil properties through increasing soil OM. The available P showed significant and positive correlation with K and Zn (r=0.55 and 0.74, respectively), but negative correlation with exchangeable Mg and exchangeable Ca (r=-0.53 and -0.32, respectively). The exchangeable K showed significant and positive correlation with available Zn (r=0.45) but negative correlation with exchangeable Mg (r=-0.37). The Mg showed significant negative correlation with available Zn (r=-0.45) but positive correlation with exchangeable Ca (r=0.87). Results also revealed that pesticide used intensity was higher in brinjal followed by banana and minimum in rice crop. Study suggests that farmers require up-to-date information on soil nutrient status so that they may use the proper utilization of fertilizers and avoid using excessive amounts of fertilizers and pesticides in their crop land. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 85-94, Dec 2021

scholarly journals Cropping System and Rotational Grazing Effects on Soil Fertility and Enzymatic Activity in an Integrated Organic Crop-Livestock System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽  
Kathleen Delate ◽  
Bradley Heins ◽  
Hannah Phillips ◽  
Andrew Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Microbial Decomposition

Alternative grazing systems that incorporate cover crops may be useful to achieve a longer grazing season and maximize forage production. However, little is known about their impact on soil properties, especially in the presence or absence of cattle grazing in the early spring. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interacting effects of cropping systems with and without cattle grazing in rotation with corn or soybean on the balance and dynamics of soil fertility and enzyme activity. This study was conducted as a system experiment between 2015 and 2019 in Minnesota and Pennsylvania, USA. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments included presence or absence of cattle grazing and two types of cropping systems (pasture-rye-soybean-pasture [P-R-SB-P] and pasture-wheat/vetch-corn-pasture [P-W/V-C-P]. Soil samples were collected six times during the study. Soil properties analyzed were soil pH, organic matter, salinity, K, Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), P, β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, aryl-sulfatase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, ammonium, nitrate, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), N%, C%, S%, and C:N ratio. Grazing increased glucosidase activity, available Ca, Mg, NO3−, NH4+, soil pH, soil C%, S%, and the C:N ratio. In the P-W/V-C-P cropping system, soil pH, available Ca, NO3−, and sulfatase activity were found to increase compared with the P-R-SB-P cropping system. In contrast, soil OM, available K, Mg, CEC, glucosidase, phosphatase, POXC, and total C%, N%, and S% were greater in the P-R-SB-P cropping system compared with the P-W/V-C-P cropping system. The results of this study suggested that rotational grazing can increase soil quality and microbial decomposition under the P-W/V-C-P cropping system, and that this result was greater than under the P-R-SB-P cropping system, leading to a faster nutrient cycling. These results show promise for producers who are seeking methods to diversify their farming operation and reduce the need for external inputs.

scholarly journals Soil fertility evaluation of rice soils of Lumbajong block of Karbi Anglong district under hill zone of Assam through nutrient indexing

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Nilim Kalita ◽  
Subal Maibangsa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Available P ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Soils ◽  
Available N ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Nutrient Index ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

The Lumbajong block of Karbi Anglong district of Assam is characterized by undulating topography comprising of hillocks and lowland paddy fields. Cultivation of rice in traditional ways for years without adequate and balanced use of chemical fertilizers and with little or no use of organic manure have caused severe fertility deterioration resulting in stagnating or even declining productivity of the paddy field soils. Spatial distributions for organic carbon, available N, available P and available K were examined in the soil samples of selected rice fields in 102 different locations covering six villages in the block to evaluate the fertility status of the block. The study revealed that there is much variation in soil fertility status of soils developed on various land forms in the area as the soils were having low to high in organic carbon (0.42 to1.12 %), low to medium in available nitrogen (175.62 to 376 kg/ha) content; low in available P (3.86 to 28.29 kg/ha) and low to high in available K (71.68 – 439.04 kg/ha) contents. The soils of Lumbajong block were characterized as medium-medium-low-medium (MMLM) category based on the nutrient index calculated with respect to organic carbon, available N, available P and available K.

scholarly journals Quality Enhancement of Humid Tropical Soils after Application of Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Compost

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bajora Justisia ◽  
Nanik Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Available P ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Compost Application

Compost application to soil leads to the improvement of its properties. However, nutrient content and enhancing capacity of compost are highly dependent on the original source and additive. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate selected soil quality indicators’ improvement and sweet corn growth following application of water hyacinth compost. Greenhouse experiment was carried out using Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. First factor consisted of soils from humid tropics, i.e. Andepts, Udepts, and Udults and second factor comprised of water hyacinth compost rates, i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Mg ha-1. Treatment combinations were replicated 3 times. Compost was incorporated in soil a week before planting of sweet corn. After reaching maximum sweet corn growth, soil sample was collected, air-dried, grinded and passed through 0.5 mm screen, and analyzed for selected soil properties, except microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and particulate organic matter carbon (POMC) which were analyzed using fresh soil samples. The experiment pointed out that application of water hyacinth compost on Udepts exhibited the highest total soil organic carbon (TSOC), MBC, soil pH and available P (Bray I), followed by those in Andeps and Udults. Particulate organic matter carbon (PMOC), however, was highest in Andepts as compared to other soils. Higher rates of compost application contributed higher increase in TSOC, MBC, soil pH, available P, and exchangeable K. Udults had more pronounced increase in soil pH and decline of exchangeable Al than other soils. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the most distinct correlation among soil properties was observed between exchangeable Al and soil pH, followed by TSOC and MBC with coefficient correlation of -0.91 and 0.85, respectively. Correlation between soil properties and sweet corn growth exhibited that the most prominent correlation was shown between available P and shoot dry weigh of sweet corn with coefficient correlation of 0.92. This indicates that soil available P has significant contribution on sweet corn growth.

scholarly journals Empirical model predictions and field measurements manifested divergent changes of SOC and SIC in calcareous soils in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimei Wang ◽  
Wenjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available N ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Changing Rate

Background. Considerable amounts of calcareous soils exist in China and various management practices are used for improving their productivity; however, no holistic view is currently available of their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) pools. Our study aims to define co-current changes of SOC and SIC by using empirical model predictions and reviewing analysis of actual field data. Methods. Three datasets were compiled for the present study; the first was obtained from 9 soil survey reports from China and included data for SOC and SIC concentrations and various soil fertility parameters of soil N and available N; soil P and available P; soil K and available K; and soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC). These data were used for empirical prediction of SIC and SOC changes with changes in other soil properties via regression analysis. The second dataset comprised 111 data points from concurrent measurements of SOC and SIC from long-term fixed sites and paired sampling sites (long-term fertilization, tillage treatment, paired land-uses, degraded farmland afforestation etc), which were used to confirm the empirical predication. The third dataset comprised separated measurements of rates of changes in SIC (36 data points) and SOC (74 data points), and frequent distribution and averages were analyzed for finding changing rate differences. These datasets were used to determine the relative magnitude of rates of changes in SIC and SOC to identify the importance of co-inclusion of the two components for soil carbon budget estimation. Results. Empirical relationships between soil fertility parameters (total N and available N; total P and available P; total K and available K; and pH and CEC) and SOC were generally opposite to relationships between soil fertility parameters and SIC (p < 0.001), indicating that soil physicochemical changes as a result of management strategies may affect SOC and SIC in a divergent direction. A total of 111 concurrent measurements of SIC and SOC revealed that soil fertilization and tillage practices could increase SOC andlower SIC by 18% and 11%, respectively, compared to control practices. Similarly, the dataset comprising separated measurements showed that SOC changing rate averaged at 37.3 g m-2 yr-1(SOC accrual), and SIC changing rate averaged at -17.1 g m-2 yr-1(SIC loss), counteracting the SOC accumulation. Discussion. Changes in SIC are more complicated than those of SOC. In a semiarid region with abundant CO 2 and Ca 2+ , pedogenic formation of SIC was observed, while in a moist region (such as a karst land region) with sufficient water supply, dissolution-induced SIC loss in surface soils was frequently observed. Our findings highlight that SOC and SIC should be simultaneously included in the computation of soil carbon budgets to avoid false estimation of carbon changes as a result of using either SOC or SIC alone.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Appraisal for Pea Growing Regions of Himachal Pradesh using GPS and GIS Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Thakur ◽  
Rakesh Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Kunal Sood
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available N ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Cu And Zn

Background: Overexploitation of productive lands creates serious problem of lowering the fertility status of soil and it leads to deterioration of soil. The deficiency of nutrients directly affects on the growth of crops and crop response become poor. Pea crop, like other plants, need different nutrients in varying quantities to achieve optimum growth and productivity. Soil fertility and its productivity are mainly affected by soil properties and nutrient status. Hence, it is necessary to assess the fertility status of soil with the consideration of available nutrients in soils and to recommend the specific nutrients for the proper management of soil. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 2017-2019, about 135 geo-referenced soil samples were collected from 49 pea growing locations/ villages of Gohar and Sundernagar blocks of Mandi district. The collected (0-15 cm) soil samples were analyzed for different soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon and available N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content. Different thematic maps were prepared using Arc-GIS software version 10.2.1.Result: The investigations revealed that the soils were acidic to neutral in soil reaction and are in safe limits of electrical conductivity as the values were less than 0.8 dS m-1. Soil organic carbon status was found to be medium to high in surface layer. About 94.8 and 22.2% soil samples were recorded deficient in available N and Zn, whereas K, Cu and Zn were moderate in 53.3, 28.1 and 55.6% samples, respectively. On the basis of coefficient of variation, the soil pH and exchangeable Ca are least variable, whereas, available nutrients like N, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn are moderately variable. However, electrical conductivity, OC, available P, K, S, Cu and Zn are highly variable in the samples under investigation. This information will also help to adopt effective strategy on fertilizer use and cropping pattern.

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