scholarly journals The distribution and direct impacts of marine debris on the commercial shrimping industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Rodolfich ◽  
Eric Sparks ◽  
Benedict Posadas ◽  
John Rodgers ◽  
Adam Skarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Shrimping Industry ◽  
Collection Program

Abstract Commercial shrimpers frequently encounter marine debris in their nets, resulting in the loss of time and catch, and added repair costs. Prior to this study, no information existed on the spatial and temporal distribution of marine debris that shrimpers encounter and the subsequent economic impact on commercial shrimping. To characterize the quantity and impacts of marine debris, twenty commercial shrimpers participated in a comprehensive data collection program within the north central Gulf of Mexico, USA. Results showed that derelict crab traps were an overwhelming issue for shrimpers, and the type of fishing gear used (skimmer vs. otter trawls) influenced both the type of marine debris encountered and the subsequent economic impacts. Surveyed shrimpers encountered marine debris on 19% of tows and lost an average of 18.21 minutes, 7.88 kg of catch, and $6.37 (USD) in gear damage per tow with encounters, resulting in losses of $7,683 (USD) per year, per shrimper.

scholarly journals Variations in spatial and temporal distribution of Archaea in the North Sea in relation to environmental variables

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydie Herfort ◽  
Stefan Schouten ◽  
Ben Abbas ◽  
Marcel J. W. Veldhuis ◽  
Marco J. L. Coolen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals Opportunistically collected data from aerial surveys reveal spatio-temporal distribution patterns of marine debris in German waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 2893-2903
Author(s):  
Bianca Unger ◽  
Helena Herr ◽  
Sacha Viquerat ◽  
Anita Gilles ◽  
Patricia Burkhardt-Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerial Surveys ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
German Waters ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractMarine debris is known for its ubiquitousness and harmful effects on marine life. This study is the first analysis to provide information on the distribution of floating marine debris in German waters using aerial survey data collected between 2002 and 2016. During regular harbour porpoise monitoring flights, 191,167 km were covered and 26,512 floating debris items recorded (average encounter rate 0.1387 items/km). Debris was encountered more often in the North Sea than in the Baltic Sea (0.16 items/km; 0.08 items/km). The average encounter rate was higher in offshore waters than in coastal areas. Overlaps of marine debris distribution with ‘Special Areas of Conservation’ are a particular reason for concern. Moreover, the spring months (March–May) were identified to be the time of the year with the highest average encounter rates for marine debris. Fishing-related debris was shown to contribute up to 25% of the total number of all observed items. This study shows that opportunistically collected data on marine debris from aerial surveys are valuable for identifying distribution patterns of floating debris without additional survey effort and costs. These data can be used as baseline information to inform management schemes such as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Chemically Characterized Microplastics within the Protected Area of Pelagos Sanctuary (NW Mediterranean Sea): Focus on Natural and Urban Beaches

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3389
Author(s):  
Silvia Merlino ◽  
Marina Locritani ◽  
Gabriele Bernardi ◽  
Carlotta Como ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Polymeric Nature ◽  
The North ◽  
Nw Mediterranean

Data on the abundance and distribution of Anthropogenic Marine Debris (AMD) on the coastal areas of the northern Tyrrhenian coast are still scarce. The objective of this study is to characterize, in terms of size, color, morphology and polymeric nature, the Large Microplastics (LMPs), i.e., plastic objects within 1 and 5 mm, sampled on three beaches located within the coastal macro-area of the Pelagos Sanctuary, an international protected zone in the north-western Mediterranean. The beaches have similar morphological characteristics but different degrees of urbanization. LMPs were sampled seasonally for one year. The polymeric nature of a representative subsample of the collected LMPs was investigated using a portable Raman instrument, to assess the feasibility of in situ characterization. In this study, 26,486 items were sorted by typology (Expanded Polystyrene-EPS, fragments, and resin pellets), size, and for fragments and resin pellets, also by color and chemical nature. Statistical data on the quantity, density, type, spatial distribution, and seasonality of the sampled LMPs are presented. Differences in LMP abundance and composition were detected among sites. A seasonality trend emerges from our statistical analysis, depending on both LMP typology and urbanization degrees of the beaches. Our data do not show the existence of a relationship between the size of the investigated MPs and their color, while they suggest that the type of polymer influences the degree of fragmentation. This underlines the need to further investigate the mechanisms leading to the production and dispersion of MPs in coastal areas, taking into account both the urbanization of the beach, and therefore the possible sources of input, and the different types of MPs. Finally, a Raman portable instrument proved to be a valuable aid in performing in situ polymeric characterization of LMPs.

scholarly journals SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE CLOUD HEIGHT AND CLOUD THICKNESS OVER CHINA AND THE ADJACENT AREAS BASED ON CALIOP

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W9 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
X. Feng ◽  
H. K. Cai ◽  
B. W. Wang ◽  
X. M. Li ◽  
L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Cloud Height ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cloud Thickness ◽  
The Western Pacific

Abstract. Based on CALIOP data, spatial and temporal distribution of cloud height and thickness over China as well as the adjacent areas have been analysed in this paper. The results show significant regional differences. The heights of clouds that lie to the south of 27.6°N are greater than those to the north of 27.6°N. The highest and thickest clouds are located above the Bay of Bengal and the Western Pacific, while the lowest values distribute in the northwest of the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin. The clouds ranging from 0.3 km to 0.6 km thickness account for a large proportion of total clouds. And the probability of occurrence of clouds decreases as cloud thickness increases. Overall, within the area under study, the thick clouds are higher than the thin clouds. Besides, low and thin clouds occur more frequently than high and thick clouds. As for their seasonal variation, the height of clouds peaks in summer. In addition, the mean of cloud thickness to the south of 27.6°N is 2.4 km thicker in summer than in any other season.

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