scholarly journals The Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Primary Care in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaowei Xu ◽  
Yim Chu Li ◽  
Catherine Xiaorui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Chinese Adult

Abstract BackgroundTo identify the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Chinese hypertensive population managed in a local public primary care clinic and to explore its associated risk factors. MethodsMedical records of Chinese adult hypertensive patients (> 18 years of age) who had been followed up in a public general outpatient clinic (GOPC) from 1 Jan 2018 to 30 Jun 2018 were retrieved and reviewed, and a sample group was randomly selected. Demographic, clinical parameters including age, gender, smoking status, body weight, height, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, biochemical data, and comorbidities were collected from the Computer Management System (CMS). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and staged according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 criteria. Student's t-test was used to analyze continuous variables and the Chi-squared test was used for categorical data. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to examine the association between CKD and variable associated factors. All statistical tests were two-sided, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsAmong the 993 Chinese hypertensive patients included in the final analysis, 152 were found to have CKD, with overall prevalence being 15.3%. In addition, the prevalence of CKD increased with the ageing of the population. In multivariate analysis, associated factors for CKD included age (OR 4.3 for every 10 years increase), history of congestive heart failure (OR 7.2), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.8), gout (OR 3.2), number of anti-hypertensive medications (OR 1.6) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (OR 0.38). Conclusions15.3% of Chinese adult hypertensive patients have CKD. Associated factors for CKD include older age, concomitant cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, gout, and lipid disorder. Family physicians should make a concerted effort in early recognition of these risk factors for CKD among HT patients.

scholarly journals Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Hyponatraemic Elderly Patients Attending a Primary Care Clinic

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Li Tay
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Loop Diuretics ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
End Stage

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) emerges to be an important geriatric health issue. It may progress to end stage renal failure and affect the quality of life. However, little is known about the associated factors of CKD. So this study aimed to determine the associated factors of CKD among hyponatraemic elderly. Methods: This is a retrospective study of hyponatraemic patients aged ≥ 60 years attending outpatient clinic in 2014. Blood test results of glucose, potassium, creatinine, medical history, blood pressure, medication and demographic  data were  captured from patient records. Each patient’s estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI Creatinine Equation. CKD is defined as eGFR of < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. SPSS 21 was used to do the analysis. Results: Totally 257 patients with mean age of 72.9 ± 7.3 years were enrolled in this study. Of them 73 (28.4 %) elderly had CKD. The mean eGFR was 72.62 ± 24.14 ml/min/1.73m2, mean BP was (135.75 ± 18/10) mmHg. Of the participants, 134 (52.1 %) were men, 151 (58.8 %) were diabetics, 247 (96.1 %) had hypertension. The independent associated factors of CKD were increasing age (OR 1.08; 95 % CI 1.03-1.13; p = 0.002), hyperglycaemia (OR 1.10; 95 % CI 1.02-1.18; p = 0.017) and the use of loop diuretics (OR 5.15; 95 % CI 1.52-17.38; p = 0.008). Conclusion: Hyperglycaemia and loop diuretics usage are found to be significantly associated with CKD among elderly patients attending a primary care clinic. Hence every effort should be made to optimise glucose control and cautious in the usage of loop diuretics to retard the decline in renal function.

Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Ethiopian Police Hospital: Institutional based cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Abdulkadr ◽  
Hailu Merga ◽  
Biru Abdissa ◽  
Lamessa Dube
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus remains the leading cause of end stage renal disease in most countries in the world. In Ethiopia, renal complications of diabetes may remain unrecognized due to limited diagnostic resources. As a result, the studies that shows the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its risk factors among adult diabetics in Ethiopia are flimsy. Hence, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated factors among diabetic patients who attended federal police hospital diabetic clinic in Addis Ababa. Methods Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among 362 Diabetes Mellitus patients using systematic sampling method. Chronic kidney disease stage was categorized according to the classification system established by the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease out comes Quality Initiative and defined by Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) <60ml/min/1.73m2. Analysis was performed using SPSS. The prevalence estimates for the reduced GFR and overall chronic kidney disease were obtained. Binary logistic regression was used to see associated factors with chronic kidney disease. Results The prevalence of chronic kidney disease diagnosed by Cockroft-Gault equation and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation was 14.6% and 7.7% respectively. Age 50-59 years (AOR= 4.0; 95% CI:1.2, 13) by Cockroft-Gault equation (CG), age 60-69 years (AOR=5.8 95%CI:1.5,21.0) by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and (AOR;22.9 95%CI:7.1,74.2) by CG, age 70 years and above (AOR=4.7; 95 CI: 1.1, 19.7) by MDRD and (AOR= 22.9; 95%CI:7.1,74.2) by CG, BMI (AOR=2.2; 95% CI:1.6, 4.2) by CG, and previous kidney disease (AOR=6.2 95%CI:2.0,8.4) by MDRD and (AOR;4.6 95%CI:1.9,10.8) C-G equation were found to have a significant association with chronic kidney disease after an adjustment done using multivariate analysis. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic kidney disease among Diabetic patients in this study was high. Age, BMI and previous recurrent kidney disease were associated with Chronic Kidney Disease. Preventive measures like giving health education and screening of patients with risk factors should get more attention.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients at Ambo Town Public Hospitals of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haimanot Ewnetu Hailu ◽  
Belachew Dinku ◽  
Jimmawork Wondimu ◽  
Bilisuma Girma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Long Duration

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease is a global public health important disease that is associated with life threatening outcomes including renal failure and premature mortality unless diagnosed and treated promptly. Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension are the two major causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. This study is aimed to determine prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney disease among diabetes mellitus and hypertensive patients at Ambo town public hospitals, EthiopiaMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ambo University referral and general hospitals on 308 study participants. The participants were interviewed using interviewer administered questionnaire when they come for follow up at a chronic illness follow-up clinic. The patient charts were reviewed to retrieve information regarding medications, blood pressure, serum Creatinine and glucose level. A chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation was used to estimate Glomerular filtration rate from serum Creatinine. Data were analyzed SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with chronic kidney disease. Variables with a p-value below 0.2 at bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between dependent and independent variable and p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: A total of 308 diabetes mellitus and hypertensive patients were included in the study from Ambo town public hospitals. Of which 156 (50.6%) participants were female with mean (± SD) age of 47.15 ± 12.06 years. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (stage 3–5) was 20.5% with (95% CI: 16%-25%). Long duration of hypertension (AOR=4.89, 95% CI=1.93-12.40), elevated systolic blood pressure (>140mmHG) (AOR=3.20, 95% CI=1.36-7.51), family history (AOR=3.36, 95% CI=1.56-7.24) and age greater than 55 years (AOR=2.17, 95% CI=1.09-4.31) were predictors of chronic kidney disease.Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was high. Older age, elevated SBP, long duration of hypertension and family history of kidney disease were independent predictors of chronic kidney disease. A preventive plan is mandatory to reduce the disease and complications in the community.

scholarly journals Non-linear progression of chronic kidney disease and associated factors in hypertensive patients: a 4-year cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Saraiva da Silva ◽  
Tiago Ricardo Moreira ◽  
Rodrigo Gomes da Silva ◽  
Rosângela Minardi Mitre Cotta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not linear, but we do not have clear evidence on this issue, especially in hypertensive patients. We sought to evaluate the progression of CKD and associated factors over four years in a cohort of hypertensive patients. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study during the years 2012 and 2016, with hypertensive patients diagnosed with CKD (n = 113). The progression of CKD was assessed through the evolution of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the change in the stage of CKD between 2012 and 2016. Sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle, clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables were evaluated. The strength of the association between CKD progression and explanatory variables was assessed by odds ratio (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Regarding progression, 78.1% of the CKD patients did not progress over four years. When assessing the CKD trajectory (2012–2016) through the evolution of GFR, there was a mean reduction of 1.3 mL/min/1.73m² in four years. In the group that progressed, there was a reduction of 13 mL/min/1.73m², while in the group that did not progress, there was an increase of 2 mL/min/1.73m². In the multivariate analyses, age (p = 0.047), diabetes mellitus (DM) (p = 0.042), and urea (p = 0.050) were independently associated with CKD progression. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed a non-linear progression of CKD over the four years, contrary to what is traditionally expected. Age, DM and urea were independently associated with CKD progression.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO STROKE PADA PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK STADIUM V YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanti Dwi Ariani ◽  
Dodik Tugasworo ◽  
Maria Imakulata Widiastuti Samekto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

RISK FACTORS OF STROKE IN STAGE V CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WHO UNDERWENT HEMODIALYSISABSTRACTIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease are associated with a significantly in- creased risk of stroke. Incidence and mortality of stroke in CKD patients is higher rather than among the general popula- tion. Stroke in hemodialysis patients is also associated with high mortality.Aims: To analyze risk factors that have a relationship with the occurrence of stroke in patients with stage V CKD who underwent hemodialysis in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang.Method: A case control with retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with stage V CKD undergoing hemo- dialysis in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, from March 2016 to August 2017. Subject was divided into case group, who experienced stroke, and control group, who did not experience stroke. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi-square test, multivariate analysis with logistic regression test and rasio Odds.Results: There were 140 subjects with stage V CKD, 70 subjects in each groups. In case group, 85.7% experienced ischemic stroke while the rest hemorrhagic stroke. The duration of hemodialysis was related to the incidence of stroke. In multivariate analysis, patients with diabetes mellitus were more likely to have a stroke by 0.14 times compared to patients who did not have diabetes mellitus, and patients who underwent hemodialysis >12 months, were more likely to have a stroke 4.05 times greater than patients who underwent hemodialysis <12 months.Discussion: There is a relationship between diabetes mellitus and duration of hemodialysis with the occurrence of ischemic stroke, in stage V CKD patients who underwent hemodialysis.Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, strokeABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) dan penyakit ginjal stadium akhir terkait dengan peningkatan risiko yang signifikan dari stroke. Insiden dan mortalitas stroke pada pasien PGK lebih tinggi dibandingkan populasi umum. Stroke pada pasien dialisis juga dihubungkan dengan mortalitas yang tinggi.Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko yang memengaruhi terjadinya stroke pada pasien dengan PGK stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis (HD) di RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang.Metode: Penelitian kasus kontrol dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif terhadap pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium V yang menjalani HD di RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga Agustus 2017. Subjek dibagi ke dalam kelompok kasus, yaitu yang mengalami stroke dan kelompok kontrol yang tidak mengalami stroke. Dilakukan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-square dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik serta rasio Odds.Hasil: Didapatkan 140 subjek dengan PGK stadium V yang masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 70 orang. Pada kelompok kasus, sebanyak 85,7% adalah stroke iskemik dan sisanya stroke hemoragik. Lama HD berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke. Pada uji multivariat, subjek yang menderita diabetes melitus (DM) berisiko mengalami stroke sebesar 0,14 kali dibandingkan yang tidak DM dan subjek yang menjalani HD >12 bulan berisiko mengalami stroke 4,05 kali lebih besar dibandingkan yang menjalani HD <12 bulan.Diskusi: Terdapat pengaruh faktor risiko DM dan lama hemodialisis terhadap kejadian stroke iskemik pada pasien PGK stadium V yang menjalani HD.Kata kunci: Hemodialisis, penyakit ginjal kronik, stroke

Time to develop chronic kidney disease in an Ecuadorian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus cohort: Survival analysis in primary care

2021 ◽  
pp. 108108
Author(s):  
Carrasco-Tenezaca Felipe ◽  
Barrera-Guarderas Francisco ◽  
De la Torre-Cisneros Katherine ◽  
Medina-Escudero Miguel ◽  
Venegas-Baca Oscar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease in Cameroon: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Brown Aseneh ◽  
Ben-Lawrence A. Kemah ◽  
Stephane Mabouna ◽  
Njang Mbeng Emmanuel ◽  
Domin Sone Majunda Ekane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract ObjectivesThis scoping review sought to summarize available data on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost, and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Cameroon.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus and African Journals Online from database inception to 31 March, 2020 to identify all studies published on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost and mortality of CKD in Cameroon.ResultsThirty studies were included. The population prevalence of CKD varied from 3-14.1% and 10.0%-14.2% in rural and urban areas, respectively. The prevalence of CKD in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus was 12.4-50.0%, 18.5%, and 3.0-47.2%, respectively. Hypertension (22.3-59.1%), chronic glomerulonephritis (15.8-56.2%), and diabetes mellitus (15.8-56.2%) were the most common causes of CKD. The cause was unknown in 13.5-17.0% of the cases. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were frequent associated factors. Hemodialysis was the main treatment modality in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The monthly cost of management of non-dialyzed CKD was 163 US dollars. The one-year mortality rate of ESRD was 26.8-38.6%.ConclusionChronic kidney disease in affects about one in ten adults in the general population in Cameroon Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus bear the greatest burden of CKD in Cameroon. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity are major factors associated with CKD. Chronic kidney disease in Cameroon is associated with high morbidity and mortality and huge economic cost on the patient.

scholarly journals Differences in Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North-East Poland

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Wojciech Matuszewski ◽  
Magdalena M. Stefanowicz-Rutkowska ◽  
Magdalena Szychlińska ◽  
Elżbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Study Group

Background and Objective: Nowadays, diabetes is one of the main causes of blindness in the world. Identification and differentiation of risk factors for diabetic retinopathy depending on the type of diabetes gives us the opportunity to fight and prevent this complication. Aim of the research: To assess differences in the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Warmia and Mazury Region, Poland. Materials and Methods: Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) were assessed on the basis of an original questionnaire, which included: personal data, clinical history of diabetes and eye disease. Elements of clinical examination: blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference. Indicators of diabetes metabolic control: mean glycemia, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol and triglycerides, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin–creatinine ratio in urine. Results: The study group included 315 (26%) patients with DM1 and 894 (74%) patients with DM2. Risk factors were estimated on the basis of logistic regression and verified with Student’s t-test. Statistically significant dependencies were found in both groups between the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes duration, HbA1c, triglyceride concentrations, indicators of kidney function and cigarette smoking status. In the DM2 group, the development of DR was significantly influenced by the implemented models of diabetic treatment. Conclusions: In the whole study group, the risk of DR was associated with the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, triglyceride concentrations and smoking. In DM1 patients, the risk of DR was associated with diabetic kidney disease in the G1A1/A2 stage of chronic kidney disease, and in DM2 patients with the G2 stage of chronic kidney disease. An important risk factor for DR in DM2 patients was associated with late introduction of insulin therapy.

scholarly journals Anaemia among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD): a multicentred cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e025125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliza Idris ◽  
Hizlinda Tohid ◽  
Noor Azimah Muhammad ◽  
Mohd Radzniwan A Rashid ◽  
Azainorsuzila Mohd Ahad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at primary care settings and its associated factors.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional study involved 808 adult patients with T2DM and CKD who were recruited via systematic sampling from 20 public primary care clinics in Peninsular Malaysia. Their sociodemographic, clinical and biomedical profiles were collected through interviews, examination of medical records and blood testing.ResultsThe prevalence of anaemia was 31.7% (256/808). The anaemia was mainly mild (61.5%) and normocytic normochromic (58.7%). About 88.7% of the patients with anaemia were not known to have anaemia prior to the study. Among 36 patients with documented history of anaemia, 80.6% were still anaemic, and only a half received iron therapy. Multivariate regression analysis showed that women (adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 1.57, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.21, p=0.009) and those with older age (AOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.06, p<0.001), CKD stage 3a (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.25 to 4.87, p=0.009), CKD stage 3b (AOR: 4.36; 95% CI: 2.14 to 8.85, p<0.001), CKD stage 4 (AOR: 10.12; 95% CI: 4.36 to 23.47, p<0.001), CKD stage 5 (AOR: 10.80; 95% CI: 3.32 to 35.11, p<0.001) and foot complication (AOR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.51 to 6.46, p=0.002) were more likely to have anaemia. Having higher body mass index (AOR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92 to 0.99, p=0.012) and higher diastolic blood pressure (AOR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95 to 0.99, p<0.001) were associated with lower odds to have anaemia.ConclusionAnaemia among patients with T2DM and CKD in primary care was common, and the majority was unrecognised. Inadequate treatment of anaemia was also prevalent. Therefore, screening of anaemia should be incorporated into the routine assessment of diabetic complications particularly for those with significant associated factors. It is hoped that such strategy could lead to early treatment and hence improve their overall care.Trial registration numberNMRR-15-660-24324.

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