scholarly journals Climate Change And Agriculture Management – Western Balkan Region Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franc Željko Županić ◽  
Danka Radić ◽  
Iztok Podbregar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Western Balkan Region ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Background: The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibilities of the agricultural sector of the Western Balkans, to assess compliance with the European Green Deal, which provides for the implementation of activities, which should enable the transition to the green sector and climate change mitigation. This paper is the first scientific paper to analyze agriculture and climate change in light of the EU Green Deal for the Western Balkan territory.Results: Agricultural production is one of the leading industries in the Western Balkans. In the Republic of Serbia, the total gross value of agricultural production in 2019 amounted to 5.5 billion dollars, in Albania, it is the basis of the life of the population and the system of protection against unemployment, while in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1/5 of the population is employed in this sector. Montenegro has a significant share in the gross domestic product (GDP, 8%), while in the Republic of Northern Macedonia agriculture accounts for 13% of GDP. Climate change and predictions that temperatures will increase by 4oC in the coming decades pose a risk not only to agricultural production but also to the safety of the population. If it takes into account that the agricultural production of the countries of the Western Balkans depends primarily on rain, this makes this sector particularly vulnerable. Unless appropriate measures are taken and risk management for water resources and agriculture is improved, there will be a decrease in precipitation and an increase in dry days by 20%. One of the ways to implement adequate activities is the adoption of regulations related to the creation of local energy management, which will enable the assessment of climate change and based on them to give appropriate "energy response“. Conclusions: Taking this combined and ambitious approach and using the latest developments in knowledge and innovation, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) aligns agriculture with the European Green Deal, which aims to create an inclusive, competitive, and environmentally friendly future for Europe. Finding renewable energy sources and improving risk management can mitigate the negative impact of climate change and prevent the loss of agrobiodiversity.

scholarly journals Climate change and agriculture management: Western Balkan region analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franc Željko Županić ◽  
Danka Radić ◽  
Iztok Podbregar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Western Balkan Region ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
Agriculture Management

Abstract Background This paper aims to analyze the possibilities of the agricultural sector of the Western Balkan to assess compliance with the European Green Deal, which provides for the implementation of activities, which should enable the transition to sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation. This paper is among the first to present the causality of agriculture and climate change (status, mitigation, and perspectives) in general and in light of the European Green Deal for the Western Balkan territory. Main text Agricultural production is a leading industry in the Western Balkan. Climate change and predictions that temperatures will increase by 4 °C in the coming decades pose a risk not only to agricultural production but also to the safety of the population, because agriculture is the main source of income for a significant part of it. Uncontrolled floods and droughts caused by climate change are a particular danger for agriculture and human existence. This paper demonstrates that agriculture in the WB can be considered critically affected by climate change. Conclusions Unless appropriate measures are taken and risk management for water resources and agriculture is improved, there will be a further decrease in precipitation and an increase in dry days by 20%. Such a scenario endangers not only the already vulnerable climate sustainability and biodiversity of the region but also the existence of a population employed in agriculture and the contribution of the agricultural sector to the gross domestic product. However, future planning based on the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) and European Green Deal, the adoption of a related regulatory framework, the establishment and regular monitoring of supporting financing mechanisms, regional cooperation, and improving risk management (with emphasis on the local level) can mitigate the present impact and decrease the expected negative impact of climate change on agriculture and biodiversity in the WB region.

scholarly journals RENEWABLE ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN SERBIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav M. Pavlović ◽  
Dragoljub Lj. Mirjanić ◽  
Ivana S. Radonjić ◽  
Darko Divnić ◽  
Galina I. Sazhko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Radiation Conversion

This paper focuses on the use of renewable energy sources in Serbia and the Republic of Srpska and their impact on the environment and climate change. Renewable energy sources used in Serbia are hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, biomass, and biogas. Renewable energy sources used in the Republic of Srpska are hydropower, solar energy, biomass, and biogas. When using hydropower, the formed reservoirs often impact the microclimate of the environment in which they are located. Photothermal and photovoltaic solar radiation conversion installations are mostly stationary, do not emit harmful substances into the environment, and have no impact on climate change. The use of wind turbines has a certain influence on the flow of ambient air. When using biomass and biogas, combustion gases are released into the atmosphere, which has slightly negative impact on climate change. The paper concludes that the use of renewable energy sources in Serbia and the Republic of Srpska has a negligible negative impact on the environment and climate change.

CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOGAS ENERGY IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Z. U. SAIPOV ◽  
◽  
G. A. ARIFDZHANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Energy is one of the main pillars of the state’s economy, which is currently facing serious problems due to depletion of mineral energy resources and the threatening environment. As a result, presently around the world there is a rapid growth and development of energy-efficient technologies and the use of renewable energy sources (RES), providing an increase in energy resources, as well as environmental and social effects. One of the most relevant and promising areas of renewable energy development is the disposal and processing of organic waste in biogas plants, and this is particularly relevant in agricultural regions. In this regard, this paper considers the state and prospects for the development of bioenergy in agricultural regions of Uzbekistan, where half of the population of the republic lives. The potential of organic waste from livestock and poultry farming of the agricultural sector was determined, and it was revealed that the use of biogas plants for the disposal of manure and litter is clearly a profitable production and requires close attention from rural producers. The introduction of biogas technologies for the bulk of agricultural producers is an urgent task, that will ensure not only a solution to the waste problem, but it will also provide a solution to energy, agricultural, environmental and social problems in rural regions of the republic.

scholarly journals A review of challenges and benefits of integration of CHP plant into the grid: a case study in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade M. Ciric ◽  
Sasa N. Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Voltage Supply ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe Republic of Serbia must make significant efforts to promote and exploit renewable energy sources and increase energy efficiency in all energy sectors to ensure energy security and economic competitiveness, reduce the negative impact on the environment from energy production and use, and contribute to global efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. Within the paper several issues of integration of recently realized CHP plant are introduced and discussed. Firstly, the legal and energy policy issues in the Republic of Serbia regarding connecting CHP to the grid are presented. The challenges and technical solutions for CHP connection to the grid, as well as power quality issues and the role of the CHP plant during the restoration of power supply during the maintenance of the substation and unplanned loss of high voltage supply, are presented and discussed. Finally, the impact of prospective massive integration of CHP on the energy balance and CO2 emission reduction in the province of Vojvodina in Serbia is investigated and discussed. Since it is the first CHP plant realized in Serbia, it is crucial that experience be shared to all potential stakeholders in the future energy efficiency projects.

scholarly journals Prioritization of Alternative Agricultural Products Based on Market Signals as a Tool for the Development of Innovative Projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Villalva-Bustamante ◽  
M. F. Logroño-Rodríguez ◽  
T. F. Flores-Pulgar ◽  
B. Naula-Erazo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Market Signals ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Productive Development

The Decentralized Autonomous Government of the province of Chimborazo promotes the agricultural productive development of the province by promoting entrepreneurship, and improving the capacities of producers, access to production factors, and integration of actors and subjects of agriculture and management on the basis to strategic planning. The construction of the Chimborazo Competitiveness Agenda was a participatory process that identified opportunities to improve the agricultural sector, where agricultural production at the primary level was recognized as a vocation and strength of the province; however, a strategic necessity was to establish possibilities of adding value and diversifying agricultural production. The definition of a set of agricultural products with high potential at the primary level and/or in agroindustrial processes that are not deeply explored required determining market signals to identify new medium- and long-term commercial possibilities for Chimborazo farmers. Additionally, it was recognized that the management of the province of Chimborazo was based on its management of the Millennium Development Goals, the Constitution of the Republic, the National Plan for Development in a Supra-Provincial Framework, as well as the Plan Development of Chimborazo, the Territorial Planning Plan and others that promoted planning with a focus on territorial and solidarity sustainable development. Keywords: Chimborazo, productive development, entrepreneurship, agricultural sector. Resumen El Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la Provincia de Chimborazo impulsa el fomento productivo agrícola de la provincia mediante la promoción del emprendimiento, el mejoramiento de las capacidades de los productores, acceso a factores de producción, integración de los actores y sujetos del agro y gestión en base a una planificación estratégica. Como parte de dicho accionar, la construcción de la Agenda de Competitividad Chimborazo fue un proceso participativo que identificó oportunidades para mejorar el sector agrícola, donde se reconoció la producción agrícola a nivel primario como una vocación y fortaleza de la provincia, no obstante, una necesidad estratégica fue el establecer posibilidades de agregación de valor y de diversificar la producción agrícola. La definición de un conjunto de productos agrícolas con alto potencial a nivel primario y/o en procesos agroindustriales que no están profundamente explorados requirió determinar señales de mercado para identificar posibilidades comerciales nuevas a mediano y largo plazo para los agricultores de Chimborazo. Adicionalmente, se reconoció que la gestión de la provincia de Chimborazo tuvo como base los Objetivos del Milenio, la Constitución de la República, el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo en un marco supra-provincial, así como el Plan de Desarrollo de Chimborazo, el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial y otros en su conjunto que promovieron una planificación con un enfoque de desarrollo sostenible territorial y solidario. Palabras clave: Chimborazo, fomento productivo, emprendimiento, sector agrícola.

Improving Labor Productivity and Efficiency of the Use of Production Resources of Agricultural Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S.A. Sharipov ◽  
◽  
N.L. Titov ◽  
G.A. Kharisov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Resources

The article considers the current trends in the organization of agricultural production. The directions of evaluation of efficiency of use of production resources are revealed. The prospects for the development of agricultural business in the Republic of Tatarstan are determined. It is noted that in modern conditions, the importance of agriculture in ensuring food security is significantly increasing. The results of regulation of agricultural production and state support of various organizational forms of agricultural business are shown on the example of agricultural formations of the Republic of Tatarstan. They ensured the sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector of the republic, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of using the production resources of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovations.

Estimating the economic impacts of drought on agriculture through models and surveys in the Po river basin (Northern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iolanda Borzì ◽  
Beatrice Monteleone ◽  
Brunella Bonaccorso ◽  
Mario Martina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Po River ◽  
Po River Basin

<p>Drought economic impacts, even if non-structural, are a significant threat for those sectors highly dependent on water resources. Agricultural production is highly sensitive to extreme weather events such as droughts and heatwaves.  Climate change is expected to exacerbate the frequency and the severity of droughts, as stated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which raises concerns about food security for the next decades.</p><p>The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimated that between 2005 and 2015, 83% of all drought-related losses were absorbed by agriculture. The huge monetary losses are mainly due to crop yield reduction because of high temperatures and reduced precipitation, which are linked to additional expenses for field irrigation.</p><p>This study aims at estimating the economic impacts of drought on the agricultural sector. The investigation has been carried out for a specific case study area within the Po river basin (Northern Italy). The Po valley is the largest agricultural area in Italy and accounts for 35% of Italian agricultural production. It has experienced multiple droughts over the past 20 years, with the long and severe drought from 2003 to 2008 that caused relevant impacts to the agricultural sector. The total economic impact of the 2005-2007 drought was estimated to be around 1.850M€. Climate change projections over the Italian peninsula from the PRUDENCE regional experiments showed that the frequency and the severity of droughts in Northern Italy will increase in the next century due to a decrease in precipitation during critical crop growing seasons (spring and summer).</p><p>The proposed methodology consists of two steps. At first, farmers have been subjected to surveys for assessing the monetary losses they experienced during past drought events and the cost associated with the mitigation strategies implemented to reduce the economic impacts of the extreme event, with special attention to irrigation practices.</p><p>Secondly, the crop growing season and yields have been estimated using the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM), calibrated with local yields retrieved from the Italian National Institute for Statistics (ISTAT) over the period from 2006 to 2020. Weather parameters for simulations in APSIM were derived from remote-sensing images. The comparison between the average growing season and the ones with low yields allows the identification of the crop growing stages that experienced stress. Among the identified stresses, the ones related to water shortages are considered. The economic costs associated with agricultural practices are computed to obtain an estimation of farmers' expenses. Besides, farmers' income is computed based on crop prices and simulated yield. The reduced income obtained by farmers during the previously identified water-related stresses represents their loss due to drought.</p><p>Results reveal that the use of the developed methodology to identify drought stress in combination with the information coming from surveys helps in quickly assessing the economic impacts of past and present droughts in the Po river basin and represents a useful tool to evaluate which cultivations and which areas suffered the highest economic impacts of droughts.</p>

World trends in agricultural engineering and the direction of technical and technological modernization of crop production in the Republic of Belarus

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
I. L. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Programs

Some basic directions in the global development of agricultural machinery and global trends in the dig-ital transformation of agriculture are reviewed and identified based on analysis of reports and articles by well-known expert organizations in this field. The analysis of the technical re-equipment of the Belarusian crop production over the past decade has been carried out, the directions of digitalization of agricultural production of the republic identified by the current State programs in the agricultural sector and Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 8 "On the Development of the Digital Economy" have been determined.

Current state of development of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
A. U. Tatikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic

The development of small business, agriculture is one of the key areas of economic development of the republic and has great potential and signifi cant reserves. However, this area of economic activity has a number of specifi c features, consisting not only in the seasonality of agricultural production as the basis for the formation of cluster formations and in the presence of a large number of unforeseen risks associated with natural and climatic unpredictable changes, and, according to the authors, agricultural businessmen are not suffi ciently motivated for production activities.

World trends in agricultural engineering and the direction of technical and technological modernization of crop production in the republic of Belarus

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
I.L. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Programs

Some basic directions in the global development of agricultural machinery and global trends in the digital transformation of agriculture are reviewed and identified based on analysis of reports and articles by well-known expert organizations in this field. The analysis of the technical re-equipment of the Belarusian crop production over the past decade has been carried out, the directions of digitalization of agricultural production of the republic identified by the current State programs in the agricultural sector and Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 8 “On the Development of the Digital Economy” have been determined.

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