scholarly journals Secreted Salt Increases Reaumuria Soongarica 's Ability to Compete in Grassland Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
changshun wang ◽  
huiqing wang ◽  
wei wang ◽  
cunzhu liang ◽  
huamin liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Competition Advantage ◽  
Soil Conductivity ◽  
Canopy Size ◽  
Salt Secretion

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to identify and explore the community formation mechanism of R. soongarica in the eastern Mongolian Plateau grassland. The experimental site was located in an ancient lake basin with saline soil in a desert steppe. Results: Soil conductivity of R. soongarica was significantly higher than that of the two herbs, S. glareosa and A. polyrhizum, at all soil depths (P ≤ 0.001). The daily salt secretion rate ranged from 1% to 2% of the fresh leaf weight in the different communities and increased with increased soil conductivity. With increased canopy size of R. soongarica, the distance between the shrubs and herbs also increased. The correlation between the R. soongarica canopy diameter and the distance to the nearest S. glareosa (R2 = 0.4065; P < 0.05) was higher than that to the nearest A. polyrhizum (R2 = 0.1256; P < 0.05). The growth of the three species was not salt-dependent; however, R. soongarica was significantly more salt-tolerant than the two herbs. The two herbs significantly limited the growth of R. soongarica seedlings at low soil conductivity (≤ 600 µS/cm), but not at high soil conductivity (≥ 1000 µS/cm). Conclusions: Salt secretion by R. soongarica leaves results in the formation of a “saline island,” which leads to soil conductivity increasing significantly under the canopy of R. soongarica. This increase in soil conductivity of the saline island effectively reduces the interspecies competition advantage of the two herbs. This highlights the competitiveness of R. soongarica in salt-stressed environments and facilitates the establishment of this desert shrub in saline regions on the desert steppe.

scholarly journals Screening of Salt Tolerant CIP Potato Germplasm for Saline Areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MM Alam Patwary ◽  
H Barua ◽  
M Hossain ◽  
MM Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
International Potato ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
High Level

Fifteen salt tolerant CIP (International Potato Centre) Potato genotypes along with BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) Alu 7 (Diamant) and one local variety viz., Dohazari Sada were evaluated at Bashkhali, Chittagong during 2011-12 to screen the suitable genotypes for cultivation in saline areas of Bangladesh. Diamant and Dohazari Sada and all of the CIP genotypes were found to grow well up to 60 DAP (Days After Planting) at saline areas having healthy plants and no senescence was noticed but after that 61-100% plants died due to high level of soil salinity (6.41dS/m) depending on genotypes. Genotype CIP 112 gave the highest yield (21.07 t/ha) and CIP 102 was comparatively less affected by soil salinity than the other genotypes. However, all the salt tolerant CIP genotypes were found to be promising in the saline soil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i1.15249 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(1) 95-102

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Physiological Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Non-Saline and Saline Soil Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Hamada Amer ◽  
Mohamed Z. Dakroury ◽  
Ibrahim S. El Basyoni ◽  
Hanaa M. Abouzied
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Physiological Evaluation

This study was conducted to assess the effect of soil salinity on leaf area (LA), the number of days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), and grain yield. Overall, 60 wheat genotypes were used, including 49 CIMMYT elite lines and 11 commercially grown Egyptian wheat cultivars. During two growing seasons (2017 and 2018), the genotypes were grown in non-saline (S0) and saline (S1) soils. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used in a split-plot arrangement. Salinity levels were randomly assigned to the main plots, while genotypes were randomly assigned to the subplots. The obtained results showed that the saline soil adversely affected the evaluated genotypes. Furthermore, a highly significant effect of genotypes × salinity was observed on grain yield and its attributed traits. Based on salinity indices results, some of the imported wheat genotypes outperformed the Egyptian cultivars in grain yield under salinity stress conditions. The results further indicated that Sakha-93, C-31, and C-40 were the most salt-tolerant genotypes. The best performing line among the CIMMYT lines was C-31, which recorded the highest grain yield under none-saline and saline soil in the two seasons of study.

The relationship between salt gland density and sodium accumulation/secretion in a wide selection from three Zoysia species

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Yamamoto ◽  
Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽  
Ryo Akune ◽  
Takahito Masumoto ◽  
Melody Muguerza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Gland ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Zoysia Matrella ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Salt Secretion

Several zoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp.) have been reported to have leaf-epidermal salt glands, and it has been suggested that salt gland density, salt secretion and salt tolerance are positively correlated. The economically most important Zoysia species are Zoysia japonica Steud., Zoysia matrella Merr., and Zoysia pacifica (Goudswaard) M. Hotta & Kuroki, and among these, Z. matrella is considered to be the most salt-tolerant. In this study, we investigated the salt gland density, and characterised the secretion and accumulation of Na+ of 48 accessions of the three Zoysia species. We did not find any morphological differences in salt glands of Z. japonica and Z. pacifica, but large bicellular salt glands were found only on the adaxial side of Z. matrella. In addition, salt gland density differed significantly within and between the species. Under salt stress, all accessions accumulated and secreted Na+ at different rates. Z. japonica was a salt-accumulating type, whereas Z. matrella and Z. pacifica secreted most of the absorbed salt. However, the correlation between salt gland density and salt accumulation/secretion were not observed. Furthermore, Z. pacifica had the lowest gland density but showed the highest Na+ uptake and a secretion rate similar to most salt-tolerant Z. matrella. These results suggest that response to salt stress, namely, salt accumulation/secretion, is different between species, and that salt gland density and salt secretion are not always positively correlated.

Rhizobacteria community structure and diversity of six salt-tolerant plants in Yinbei saline soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
代金霞 DAI Jinxia ◽  
田平雅 TIAN Pingya ◽  
张莹 ZHANG Ying ◽  
苏建宇 SU Jianyu
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Plants

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of salt-tolerant bacteria with plant growth-promoting activities from saline agricultural fields of Haryana, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Sharma ◽  
Kamal Dev ◽  
Anuradha Sourirajan ◽  
Madhu Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Background Soil salinity has been one of the biggest hurdles in achieving better crop yield and quality. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the symbiotic heterogeneous bacteria that play an important role in the recycling of plant nutrients through phytostimulation and phytoremediation. In this study, bacterial isolates were isolated from salt-polluted soil of Jhajjar and Panipat districts of Haryana, India. The potential salt-tolerant bacteria were screened for their PGPR activities such as phosphate solubilization, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), indole acetic acid (IAA) and ammonia production. The molecular characterization of potent isolates with salt tolerance and PGPR activity was done by 16S rDNA sequencing. Results Eighteen soil samples from saline soils of Haryana state were screened for salt-tolerant bacteria. The bacterial isolates were analyzed for salt tolerance ranging from 2 to 10%. Thirteen isolates were found salt tolerant at varied salt concentrations. Isolates HB6P2 and HB6J2 showed maximum tolerance to salts at 10% followed by HB4A1, HB4N3 and HB8P1. All the salt-tolerant bacterial isolates showed HCN production with maximum production by HB6J2. Phosphate solubilization was demonstrated by three isolates viz., HB4N3, HB6P2 and HB6J2. IAA production was maximum in HB4A1 (15.89) and HB6P2 (14.01) and least in HB4N3 (8.91). Ammonia production was maximum in HB6P2 (12.3) and least in HB8P1 (6.2). Three isolates HB6J2, HB8P1 and HB4N3 with significant salt tolerance, and PGPR ability were identified through sequencing of amplified 16SrRNA gene and were found to be Bacillus paramycoides, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. Conclusions The salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from saline soil can be used to overcome the detrimental effects of salt stress on plants, with beneficial effects of physiological functions of plants such as growth and yield, and overcome disease resistance. Therefore, application of microbial inoculants to alleviate stresses and enhance yield in plants could be a low cost and environmental friendly option for the management of saline soil for better crop productivity.

scholarly journals Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogai Wang ◽  
Ruibo Sun ◽  
Yinping Tian ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Hongyong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tolerant Plants ◽  
Barren Soil ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation processes that decreases soil fertility and crop production worldwide. In this study, a long-term coastal saline soil remediation experiment was conducted with three salt-tolerant plant species: Lycium chinense Mill. (LCM), Tamarix chinensis Lour. (TCL), and Gossypium hirsutum Linn. (GHL). The three plant species successfully remediated the saline soil but showed different efficacies. The archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities in barren soil and in four rhizocompartments (distal-rhizosphere soil, proximal-rhizosphere soil, rhizoplane, and endosphere) of the three plant species were assessed. All three plant species significantly decreased the richness of the archaeal communities but increased that of the bacterial and fungal communities in both the rhizosphere and rhizoplane compared with those in the barren soil. The archaeal and bacterial community structures were strongly influenced by the rhizocompartment, while specific fungal communities were recruited by different plant species. The microbial taxa whose abundance either increased or decreased significantly during remediation were identified. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was identified as the main factor driving the variation in microbial community composition between the remediated and barren soil, and total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), and available potassium (AK) were the main factors driving the differences among plant species. This report provides new insights into the responses of the root zone microbial communities of different salt-tolerant plant species during phytoremediation. IMPORTANCE Despite knowing that phytoremediation by salt-tolerant plants is an effective technology for ameliorating saline soils and that microorganisms contribute significantly to plant stress tolerance and soil fertility, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how microbes respond to the growth of salt-tolerant plants and the subsequent decline in soil salinity. The results of this study revealed different response patterns among bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities and indicated that the decline in archaeal abundance might be a sign of successful remediation of coastal saline soils. The recruitment of specific fungal communities by different plant species indicated the importance of fungi in plant species-specific remediation functions. We also identified the taxa that may play key roles during remediation, and these taxa could potentially be used as indicators of phytoremediation. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of microbes in the phytoremediation of saline soil and suggest that the mechanisms involved are plant species specific.

scholarly journals Leptochloa fusca cultivation for utilization of salt - affected soil and water resources in Cholistan Desert

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Saline Groundwater ◽  
Leptochloa Fusca ◽  
Cholistan Desert ◽  
Soil And Water

In the Cholistan Desert, 0.44 million hectares are salt - affected low lying and clayey in nature locally known as 'dhars', where rainwater as well as saline groundwater could be utilized for growing salt tolerant grasses like Leptochloa fusca as forage during summer. L. fusca is a promising candidate grass for economic utilization and better management of sodic, high pH, saline soil and saline water resources of the Cholistan desert. L. fusca is known to be a versatile, halophytic, primary colonizer, easily propagatable, perennial, nutritive and palatable forage plant species. The grass has the good biomass producing potential and can grow equally well both under upland and submerged saline soil environment.

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