scholarly journals The Analysis of Corneal Asphericity and its Related Factors in Cataract Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Peirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Q Value ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Corneal Asphericity ◽  
Q Values ◽  
Cataract Patients ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Purpose: To determine the corneal asphericity and its related factors in cataract patients.Methods: This study enrolled 121 eligible eyes of 121 cataract patients. The corneal Q values of anterior and posterior surface were measured in the central 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 mm zone using the Sirius System. Age, gender, and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were recorded. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative Q value was conducted in 103 eyes of 103 patients three months after surgery.Results: The Q value of the anterior corneal surface at 6.0 mm zone and the posterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 mm zone were statistically significant across the different age groups. The Q value of the posterior surfaces in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 mm zone was statistically significant between the male and the female groups. The Q values of the anterior corneal surface in the 6.0 mm zone were positively correlated with Z40 cornea, Z40 CF, Z33,-3 CF, and total corneal HOAs; While the Q value of the posterior surface in the 6.0 mm zone were negatively correlated with Z31,-1 cornea, Z33,-3 cornea, Z33,-3 CF, Z31,-1CB, Z40 CB, and total corneal HOAs. Besides, no significant change was found in corneal Q value 3 months after surgery.Conclusion: There were great individual differences between the corneal asphericity of the cataract patients. Age, sex, and HOAs seemed to be correlated with the corneal asphericity. The preoperative Q value can be used as one of the parameters for personalized selection of intraocular lens.

Characteristics of corneal Q value and its related factors in cataract patients before operation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Jianqing Li ◽  
Yihong Cao ◽  
Jiaju Zhang ◽  
Peirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Q Value ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Q Values ◽  
Cataract Patients

Abstract Background: To determine corneal Q value and its related factors in cataract patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. In all, this study enrolled 121 eligible eyes of 121 cataract patients. The corneal Q values of anterior and posterior surfaces were measured in central 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone using the Sirius System. Age and gender were recorded. Cataract was diagnosed using slit-lamp examination. Results: The average Q value of the anterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were 0.09±0.42, 0.02±0.27, -0.04±0.20 and -0.11±0.17, respectively. The average Q value of the posterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were 0.02±0.81, -0.28±0.56, -0.37±0.43, -0.41±0.30, respectively. The Q values of the anterior surface at 6.0 mm zone and the posterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were statistically significant (p<0.05) across different age groups. The Q values of the posterior surfaces in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were statistically significant (p<0.05) between the male and the female groups. The Q values of the anterior surface in the 6.0 mm zone were positively correlated with Z40 cornea (Pearson correlation =0.796, p<0.001), Z40 CF (Pearson correlation =0.840, p<0.001), Z33,-3 CF (Pearson correlation =0.236, p=0.009) and total corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) (Pearson correlation =0.305, p<0.001); While the Q values of the posterior surface in the 6.0 mm zone were negatively correlated with Z31,-1 cornea (Pearson correlation =-0.212, p=0.019), Z33,-3 cornea (Pearson correlation =-0.179, p=0.049), Z33,-3 CF (Pearson correlation =-0.190, p=0.037), Z31,-1 CB (Pearson correlation =-0.534, p<0.001), Z40 CB (Pearson correlation =-0.878, p<0.001) and total corneal HOAs (Pearson correlation =-0.220, p=0.015). Conclusions: There were great individual differences between the corneal Q values of the cataract patients. Age, sex and HOAs seemed to be correlated with the Q values. Keywords: Q value; aberrations; cataract; Sirius; Scheimpflug photography

scholarly journals Posterior Corneal Asphericity Effect on Postoperative Astigmatism after EDOF Intraocular Lens Implantation in Cataract Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mark Rabinovich ◽  
Ivo Guber ◽  
Laëtitia Jessy Niegowski ◽  
Ana Maria Aramburu del Boz ◽  
Danial Al Khatib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Q Value ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Surgically Induced Astigmatism ◽  
Postoperative Astigmatism ◽  
Corneal Asphericity ◽  
Induced Astigmatism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Surgically Induced ◽  
Cataract Patients

Aim. To assess the impact of posterior corneal asphericity on postoperative astigmatism. Methods. We included retrospectively 70 eyes of 70 patients that underwent cataract surgery. We included data of the Q value, Kmax, K1, K2, astigmatism AL, and ACD. We performed a vectorial analysis to calculate the astigmatic vectors. Results. Seventy eyes were evaluated. 40 eyes were of females (58%) and 30 of males (42%). The average cohort age was 73 ± 8.9 years. Axial length (AL) was 23.5 ± 0.9, anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 3.13 ± 0.3, and the average posterior Q value was −0.35 ± 0.2. The only significant predictive variable for the correction index (CI) was the posterior Q value (r = 0.24, p  < 0.05) and for the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) (β = 0.34, r = 0.58, p  < 0.05). Conclusion. Posterior corneal surface asphericity significantly influences the surgically induced astigmatism and the overcorrection for cataract patients after Lucidis EDOF IOL implantation.

Comparative analysis of two different types of intracorneal implants in keratoconus: A corneal tomographic study

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096344
Author(s):  
Mohammad-Reza Sedaghat ◽  
Hamed Momeni-Moghaddam ◽  
Michael W Belin ◽  
David P Piñero ◽  
Reyhaneh Akbarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Q Value ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corneal Asphericity ◽  
Tomographic Data ◽  
Corneal Shape ◽  
Mean Differences

Objective: To evaluate changes in visual acuity and corneal tomographic outcomes at 6 months after femtosecond-laser assisted implantation of two different types of intracorneal implants in keratoconus. Methods: A total of 39 keratoconus eyes implanted with two segments KeraRing ( n = 22 eyes) or MyoRing ( n = 17 eyes) were enrolled. Tomographic data (Pentacam system, Oculus) were analyzed and correlated with enhancement in uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). The tomographic indices were front maximum keratometry (Kmax), corneal asphericity (Q-value) on both surfaces, average pachymetric progression indices (PPI), maximum Ambrosio relational thickness (ARTmax), Belin-Ambrósio enhanced ectasia total deviation index (BAD-D), index of surface variance (ISV), vertical asymmetry (IVA), height asymmetry (IHA) and height decentration (IHD). Results: LogMAR UDVA and CDVA improved 2.1 ( p = 0.003) and 0.7 ( p = 0.074) lines with KeraRing, and 8 and 2.5 lines with MyoRing ( p = 0.001). The highest and lowest mean differences in the tomographic indices between both groups were related to ISV and IHD, respectively. Changes in all indices differed significantly between two groups except for changes in front corneal astigmatism, ARTmax, ISV, IVA, IHD and IHA ( p > 0.05). Correlation of changes in CDVA with changes in other parameters was statistically significant only for IHD in the KeraRing group, while changes in in UDVA were significantly correlated with changes in spherical equivalent, back Q-value, ISV, IVA, and IHA only in the MyoRing group. Conclusion: Both implants promote corneal shape regularization and an enhancement in UDVA in keratoconus. A considerable flattening effect and reduction in prolateness in the front corneal surface were observed with MyoRing.

scholarly journals The analysis of corneal asphericity (Q value) and its related factors of 1,683 Chinese eyes older than 30 years

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0176913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Ningli Wang ◽  
Xue Liu ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Q Value ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Corneal Asphericity

Assessment of the Dietary Intakes of 6- and 12-Month-Old Infants in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Riyadh A. Alzaheb ◽  
Norah Alatawi ◽  
Khawla A. Daoud ◽  
Naema Altawil
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Adequate Nutrient ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract.Background: Establishing understanding of infants’ dietary intakes can support interventions to improve their diets and overall health. Because information on the dietary intakes of infants aged ≤12 months in Saudi Arabia is scarce, this study examined the diets of infants aged 6 and 12 months in Saudi Arabia and determined their main dietary sources of total energy and macronutrients. Methods: A crosssectional dietary survey employing a single 24-hour recall was performed between May and December 2015 with a sample of mothers of 278 healthy 6-month-old and 259 12-month-old infants. An analysis of the dietary intake data determined the nutrient intake adequacy and the percentage contributions of foods to energy and macronutrient intakes. Results: The respective mean daily energy intakes of the 6-month-old and 12-month-old infants in the study were 703 kcal and 929 kcal. Both age groups recorded adequate nutrient intakes, with the exception that the 6-month-olds’ mean vitamin D intake fell below the recommended Adequate Intake (AI), and the 12-month-olds’ intakes of omega-6 fatty acids and vitamin D were also below the AI, along with their iron intake which fell short of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Conclusion: The data generated here will assist health professionals in planning interventions which aim to improve infants’ diets and to offer guidance to parents on the appropriate selection of food for their infants.

The Adult as Foe or Friend?: Childism in Guus Kuijer's Criticism and Fiction

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Joosen
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Children’S Books ◽  
Memorial Award ◽  
Adult Reader ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

Compared to the attention that children's literature scholars have paid to the construction of childhood in children's literature and the role of adults as authors, mediators and readers of children's books, few researchers have made a systematic study of adults as characters in children's books. This article analyses the construction of adulthood in a selection of texts by the Dutch author and Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award winner Guus Kuijer and connects them with Elisabeth Young-Bruehl's recent concept of ‘childism’ – a form of prejudice targeted against children. Whereas Kuijer published a severe critique of adulthood in Het geminachte kind [The despised child] (1980), in his literary works he explores a variety of positions that adults can take towards children, with varying degrees of childist features. Such a systematic and comparative analysis of the way grown-ups are characterised in children's texts helps to shed light on a didactic potential that materialises in different adult subject positions. After all, not only literary and artistic aspects of children's literature may be aimed at the adult reader (as well as the child), but also the didactic aspect of children's books can cross over between different age groups.

scholarly journals A Search for Causes of Rising Incidence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents after Chernobyl and Fukushima: Comparison of the Clinical Features and Their Relevance for Treatment and Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3444
Author(s):  
Valentina Drozd ◽  
Vladimir Saenko ◽  
Daniel I. Branovan ◽  
Kate Brown ◽  
Shunichi Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Tumor Stages

The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is steadily increasing globally. Epidemiologists usually explain this global upsurge as the result of new diagnostic modalities, screening and overdiagnosis as well as results of lifestyle changes including obesity and comorbidity. However, there is evidence that there is a real increase of DTC incidence worldwide in all age groups. Here, we review studies on pediatric DTC after nuclear accidents in Belarus after Chernobyl and Japan after Fukushima as compared to cohorts without radiation exposure of those two countries. According to the Chernobyl data, radiation-induced DTC may be characterized by a lag time of 4–5 years until detection, a higher incidence in boys, in children of youngest age, extrathyroidal extension and distant metastases. Radiation doses to the thyroid were considerably lower by appr. two orders of magnitude in children and adolescents exposed to Fukushima as compared to Chernobyl. In DTC patients detected after Fukushima by population-based screening, most of those characteristics were not reported, which can be taken as proof against the hypothesis, that radiation is the (main) cause of those tumors. However, roughly 80% of the Fukushima cases presented with tumor stages higher than microcarcinomas pT1a and 80% with lymph node metastases pN1. Mortality rates in pediatric DTC patients are generally very low, even at higher tumor stages. However, those cases considered to be clinically relevant should be followed-up carefully after treatment because of the risk of recurrencies which is expected to be not negligible. Considering that thyroid doses from the Fukushima accident were quite small, it makes sense to assess the role of other environmental and lifestyle-related factors in thyroid carcinogenesis. Well-designed studies with assessment of radiation doses from medical procedures and exposure to confounders/modifiers from the environment as e.g., nitrate are required to quantify their combined effect on thyroid cancer risk.

Individual Differences and Age-Related Changes in Time-Sharing Ability of Aviators

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Braune ◽  
Christopher D. Wickens
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Negative Evidence ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dual Task Performance ◽  
General Slowing

Performance in single task and dual task configurations was examined across four different age groups to determine the presence of an attention deficit hypothesis with increasing chronological age. Although a general slowing of performance could be shown no interaction between age and dual task loadings could be observed which is interpreted as negative evidence for the attention deficit hypothesis. A separate analysis revealed individual differences in time-sharing ability within age groups to be a significant factor in dual task performance.

scholarly journals Influence of Patient Age on Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Invasive Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Inostroza ◽  
Ana Maria Vinet ◽  
Gloria Retamal ◽  
Pedro Lorca ◽  
Gonzalo Ossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT All clinical S. pneumoniae specimens isolated from patients with invasive or sterile-site infections admitted to one regional general hospital in southern Chile were collected during a 5-year period (February 1994 to September 1999). A total of 247 strains belonging to 50 serotypes were isolated in this survey: 69 in patients under 5 years of age, 129 in patients 5 to 64 years old, and 49 from patients 65 years and older. Eight serotypes were identified in all age groups, while all other serotypes were found exclusively in one age group or in patients over 4 years of age. Serotype 3 was never found in patients under 5 years old, and serotype 14 was not found in patients >64 years of age. There was no difference in the serotypes causing infection in each one of the 5 years of the survey. Our results suggest that both bacterial virulence factors and host factors play an important role in the selection of S. pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive infection. Possible host factors include age-related differences in the immune response. Comparative studies with other areas of the world may help to further understanding of our observations in southern Chile.

Directionality of cross-linguistic influence: Which referring choices do bilingual Ukrainian–English children make?

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksolana Mykhaylyk ◽  
Elinor Ytterstad
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Dual Language ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Object Language ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Null Object ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims and research questions: This paper presents a new study addressing the issue of cross-linguistic influence in acquisition of referring expressions. The main research question is how to predict directionality of this influence in a dual language development. Methodology: The method is an elicited production task. We consider the phenomenon of direct object referring choices, i.e. noun, pronoun and null element, in a ‘null-object’–‘overt-object’ language pair (Ukrainian and English). Data and Analysis: Participants of the experiment are 4–6-year-old Ukrainian–English bilinguals (N20) and Ukrainian monolinguals (N21). The data are analyzed in the statistical program R, utilizing the R-library function lme4. The results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) of each direct object type. Findings: Our data reveal that while there is no significant difference in Ukrainian object types in most of the age groups, there is a considerable amount of null object usage in English at the ages of four to five. Originality: The innovative nature of this study lies in: (i) the consideration of a licit object omission at a later stage of language development (from 4 to 6 years of age); (ii) the examination of an under-investigated language combination (i.e. English and Ukrainian); and (iii) the innovative approach to linguistic data analysis (e.g. comparing OR values). Implications: Our findings suggest that the directionality of influence in dual language acquisition depends on the developmental stage, language-specific means of syntax–pragmatics interaction, and extra-linguistic input-related factors. At the early stages of development, the null-object language is likely to influence the overt-object language, especially under conditions of limited exposure to the latter.

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