scholarly journals The Concurrence of Sexual Violence and Physical Fight Among Adolescent Suicide Ideators and the Risk of Suicide Attempt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Li ◽  
Shi-Ting Xiang ◽  
Jie Dong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Physical Fight

Abstract Experiences of sexual violence and physical fight had been identified as independent risk factors for suicidal behaviors among adolescents. The question raises whether the concurrence of these two risk factors further increases the risk of suicidal behaviors among ideators, and by how much the risk increases. This study analyzed data from the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Students that reported had seriously considered attempting suicide in the past year were included (n=1755). The associations between physical fight/sexual violence status and the risk of suicide attempt/plan/injurious attempt were estimated. The concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence substantially increased the relative risks for attempted suicide (relative risk (RR)=2.01, 95%CI: 1.74, 2.31) and injurious suicide attempt (RR=4.03, 95%CI: 2.81, 5.78; subgroup analyses: among female, RR=3.25, 95%CI: 2.09, 5.04; among male, RR=6.19, 95%CI: 3.3, 12.14). Among students with concurrent physical fight and sexual violence, males reported more risk behaviors (median=14) than females (median=12)(P=0.0023). The concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence substantially increased the risks for attempted suicide among adolescent suicide ideators. A wide variety of risk behaviors clustered with the concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence, especially among males, which possibly lead to the higher rate of injurious suicide attempt among male students.

scholarly journals Suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi university students: Prevalence and risk factors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262006
Author(s):  
M. Rasheduzzaman ◽  
Firoj al-Mamun ◽  
Ismail Hosen ◽  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Moazzem Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
University Students ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Family Mental Health ◽  
Academic Study

Background Bangladeshi university students are considered to be highly suicide-prone compared to other populations and cohorts. However, no prior epidemiological studies have assessed the suicidality (i.e., past-year suicidal ideation [SI], lifetime suicide plan [SP], and lifetime suicide attempt [SA]) among Bangladeshi students, including the variables such as past-year stressful life events and family mental health history. This is arguably a major knowledge gap in the country. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors for suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing a convenience sampling method among a total of 1844 university students between October and November 2019. Data were collected based on the information related to socio-demographics, perceived health-related questions, past-year stressful life events, family mental health history, and suicidal behaviors (i.e., SI, SP, and SA). Chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions were used to analyze the data utilizing SPSS statistical software. Results The prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation, lifetime suicide plans, and suicide attempts were 13.4%, 6.0%, and 4.4%, respectively. Females reported significantly higher suicidal behavior than males (i.e., 20.6% vs.10.2% SI; 9% vs. 4.6% SP; and 6.4% vs.3.6% SA). Risk factors for SI were being female, year of academic study, residing in an urban area, using psychoactive substances, experiencing both past year physical and mental illness, experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events, experiencing campus ragging (i.e., senior students abusing, humiliating and/or harassing freshers or more junior students), experiencing family mental illness history, and having family suicide attempt history. SP was associated with several factors including being female, year of academic study, using psychoactive substance, experiencing both past-year physical and mental illness, and experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events. Risk factors for SA were being female, year of academic study, using psychoactive substances, experiencing past-year mental illness, experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events, and having family suicide attempt history. Conclusions University students appear to be a vulnerable group for experiencing suicidal behaviors. The present findings warrant rigorous action and early intervention programs such as counseling and other mental health professional services by university authorities. Longitudinal studies are highly recommended involving countrywide representative samples.

Familial Study of Suicidal Behavior Among Adolescents in Slovenia

Crisis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Marušič ◽  
Saška Roškar ◽  
Roderick H. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Familial Study ◽  
Suicidal Plans

Summary: The number of adolescents who attempt or complete suicide is increasing. Risk factors range from mental disorders, to problems at school, family problems, or difficulties in establishing relationships. A further important, and too often underestimated, risk factor for adolescent suicide is the presence of suicidal behavior in the adolescent's family. We investigated 184 high school adolescents in a region in Slovenia with a high suicide rate (30/100,000/year). They were questioned by means of an anonymous questionnaire about the presence of suicidal behavior in their relatives and about the presence of suicidal thoughts, plans, and acts in themselves. The results revealed that 13% of the adolescents studied had a relative who had attempted suicide and a further 9% of the adolescents had lost a relative due to suicide. About half of all females and almost a third of males had had suicidal thoughts (differences between sexes were statistically significant: χ2 = 6.13; p < .01). Attempted suicide among relatives was positively correlated with the presence of suicidal plans among adolescents (Φ = 0.15; p < .05). This correlation proved to be even stronger and statistically more significant in men when we split the sample by gender. All variables (suicidal thoughts, suicidal plans, and suicide attempts) in the adolescent males positively correlated with attempted suicide among their relatives (Φ = 0.28, p < .01; Φ = 0.26, p < .05; Φ = 0.34, p < .01; respectively). Our results speak in favor of a higher risk of suicidal behavior among adolescents with suicidal behavior in their families.

scholarly journals Long-term risk factors for suicide in suicide attempters examined at a medical emergency in patient unit: results from a 32-year follow-up study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038794
Author(s):  
Sara Probert-Lindström ◽  
Jonas Berge ◽  
Åsa Westrin ◽  
Agneta Öjehagen ◽  
Katarina Skogman Pavulans
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Suicide Attempters

ObjectivesThe overall aim of this study is to gain greater knowledge about the risk of suicide among suicide attempters in a very long-term perspective. Specifically, to investigate possible differences in clinical risk factors at short (≤5 years) versus long term (>5 years), with the hypothesis that risk factors differ in the shorter and longer perspective.DesignProspective study with register-based follow-up for 21–32 years.SettingMedical emergency inpatient unit in the south of Sweden.Participants1044 individuals assessed by psychiatric consultation when admitted to medical inpatient care for attempted suicide during 1987–1998.Outcome measuresSuicide and all-cause mortality.ResultsAt follow-up, 37.6% of the participants had died, 7.2% by suicide and 53% of these within 5 years of the suicide attempt. A diagnosis of psychosis at baseline represented the risk factor with the highest HR at long-term follow-up, that is, >5 years, followed by major depression and a history of attempted suicide before the index attempt. The severity of a suicide attempt as measured by SIS (Suicide Intent Scale) showed a non-proportional association with the hazard for suicide over time and was a relevant risk factor for suicide only within the first 5 years after an attempted suicide.ConclusionsThe risk of suicide after a suicide attempt persists for up to 32 years after the index attempt. A baseline diagnosis of psychosis or major depression or earlier suicide attempts continued to be relevant risk factors in the very long term. The SIS score is a better predictor of suicide risk at short term, that is, within 5 years than at long term. This should be considered in the assessment of suicide risk and the implementation of care for these individuals.

A case-control association study of 12 candidate genes and attempted suicide in French adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Mirkovic ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Claudine Laurent ◽  
Malaika Lasfar ◽  
Christophe Marguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Environment Interaction

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is the second leading cause of death for 10–19-year-olds. Evidence has shown that attempted suicide is a complex interplay of genes and environmental factors. In the adult population, possible associations between genetic polymorphisms and suicidal behaviors have been investigated for several genes, most often with inconsistent findings and poor replicability of significant associations. This study aimed to identify gene variants conferring risk for adolescent suicide attempt.MethodsWe selected the genes and variants after an analysis of the literature and a selection of the most significant associations identified. We performed analysis on 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 genes (COMT,CRHR1,FKBP5,SLC6A4,HTR1B,HTR2A,TPH1,TPH2,BDNF,NTRK2,NOS1andIL28RA) for association with suicide attempt, hopelessness and impulsivity in an independent sample, composed of 98 adolescent suicide attempters who required hospitalization based on emergency assessments, and 150 healthy volunteers. Quality controls, deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium and statistical tests of association (case/control) were calculated using PLINK. Asymptotic p-values were corrected with the Benjamini-Hochberg method. The level of significance was set to 0.05.ResultsWe identified four polymorphisms of interest, rs10868235 (NTRK2), rs1659400 (NTRK2), rs2682826 (NOS1) and rs7305115 (TPH2), with significant associations for suicide attempts or for the quantitative hopelessness or impulsivity phenotypes. However, none of the associations withstand statistical correction tests.ConclusionOur results do not support the role of the 22 SNPs selected in suicide attempt or hopelessness and impulsivity in adolescent population. However, the relatively small sample size and the probable effect of gene-gene interaction or gene-environment interaction on suicidal behavior could not be ruled out.

Understanding Suicidal Behavior Using a Comprehensive Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 105413732110510
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Kiani Chelmardi ◽  
Sajjad Rashid ◽  
Mahboubeh Dadfar ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Self Harm

A comprehensive understanding of how suicidal risk factors interact with one another to increase the frequency of suicide ideation and attempted suicide is critical for improving theoretical models of suicide and prevention efforts. The aim of the present study was to explore the prediction of suicide ideation formation and its transition to suicide attempt through the interactions of the constructs suggested by the IPTS, IMV and 3ST theories, as well as other clinical factors. The core constructs of several theoretical models were assessed using a battery of scales administered to 909 Iranian college students. The results supported Klonsky's 3ST and O’Connor's IMV models and, in addition, the relevance of non-suicidal self-injury, the acquired capacity for self-harm, sexual abuse, and exposure to family self-harm for the transition from suicide ideation to a suicide attempt. Depression and PTSD were background factors rather than risk factors for suicide ideation or suicide attempt. Limitations were that the information provided by students may have been biased due to the stigma surrounding suicide in Iranian culture, and the proportion of female students was high.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Depression Diagnosis of Adolescents who Had Suicide Attempt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Nihal Eraslan ◽  
Rezzan Aydın Görücü ◽  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Arzu Yılmaz ◽  
Medine Aysin Taşar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Dsm 5

Objective: Suicide attempts of adolescents have become one of the most common reasons among the admission to emergency departments for psychiatric reasons. The aim of this study is to identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the diagnosis of depressive disorder and to assess the risk factors of adolescents who attempted suiside. Method: For this study, the patients that were admitted to Ankara Research and Training Hospital Emergency Department and were referred to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinic due to suicide attempt between April 2018 and December 2018 were included. “Child Depression Inventory”, “Beck Depression Inventory “ and “Sociodemographic Data Form” were used for the study. It was also evaluated whether the patients were diagnosed with “Major Depressive Disorder” according to DSM-5 as a result of psychiatric examination. SPSS 24.0 was used in the analyzes. T-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used where appropriate. Results: Out of 38 patients who attempted suicide, 92,1% (n=35) were female. It was found that 92.1% (n=35) of the cases attempted suicide by overdose drug intake. Approximately half of the cases (44.7% n=17) reported the reason for suicide as “familial stressors”. As a result of the psychiatric evaluation, 42.1% (n=16) of the cases were diagnosed with “Major Depressive Disorder” according to DSM-5. Conclusion: Comprehensive evaluation of individual and environmental factors in adolescents who attempted suicide is considered important to identify the risk factors. Moreover strengthening the professional psychosocial support systems about increasing coping skills, gaining problem-solving skills of adolescents and informing families about approach to adolescents are thought that may contribute to protective measures.

Cognitive ability in early adulthood is associated with later suicide and suicide attempt: the role of risk factors over the life course

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sörberg ◽  
P. Allebeck ◽  
B. Melin ◽  
D. Gunnell ◽  
T. Hemmingsson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
The Life Course

BackgroundCognitive ability/intelligence quotient (IQ) in youth has previously been associated with subsequent completed and attempted suicide, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying the associations. This study aims to assess the roles of various risk factors over the life course in explaining the observed relationships.MethodThe present investigation is a cohort study based on data on IQ test performance and covariates, recorded on 49 321 Swedish men conscripted in 1969–1970, at ages 18–20 years. Information on suicides and hospital admissions for suicide attempt up to the age of 57 years, childhood and adult socio-economic position, and adult family formation, was obtained from linkage to national registers.ResultsLower IQ was associated with increased risks of both suicide and suicide attempt during the 36 years of follow-up. The associations followed a dose–response pattern. They were attenuated by approximately 45% in models controlling for social background, mental ill-health, aspects of personality and behavior, adult socio-economic position and family formation. Based on one-unit decreases in IQ test performance on a nine-point scale, the hazard ratios between ages 35 and 57 years were: for suicide 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.25], fully adjusted 1.10 (95% CI 1.04–1.18); and for suicide attempt 1.25 (95% CI 1.20–1.31), fully adjusted 1.14 (95% CI 1.09–1.20).ConclusionsCognitive ability was found to be associated with subsequent completed and attempted suicide. The associations were attenuated by 45% after controlling for risk factors measured over the life course. Psychiatric diagnosis, maladjustment and aspects of personality in young adulthood, and social circumstances in later adulthood, contributed in attenuating the associations.

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Stigma of Suicide Attempt Survivors

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay L. Sheehan ◽  
Patrick W. Corrigan ◽  
Maya A. Al-Khouja ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

Abstract. Background: Past scholarly efforts to describe and measure the stigma surrounding suicide have largely viewed suicide stigma from the perspective of the general public. Aims: In the spirit of community-based participatory research (CBPR), the current study brought together a diverse stakeholder team to qualitatively investigate the suicide stigma as experienced by those most intimately affected by suicide. Method: Seven focus groups (n = 62) were conducted with suicide attempt survivors, family members of those who died by suicide, and suicide loss therapists. Results: Themes were derived for stereotypes (n = 30), prejudice (n = 3), and discrimination (n = 4). People who attempted suicide were seen as attention-seeking, selfish, incompetent, emotionally weak, and immoral. Participants described personal experiences of prejudice and discrimination, including those with health professionals. Conclusion: Participants experienced public stigma, self-stigma, and label avoidance. Analyses reveal that the stigma of suicide shares similarities with stereotypes of mental illness, but also includes some important differences. Attempt survivors may be subject to double stigma, which impedes recovery and access to care.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

Suicidal Behavior in Four Ethnic Groups in The Hague, 2002–2004

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Burger ◽  
Albert M. van Hemert ◽  
Willem J. Schudel ◽  
Barend J.C. Middelkoop
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Psychiatric Department

Background: Suicidal behavior is a severe public health problem. Aims: To determine the rates of attempted and completed suicide among ethnic groups in The Hague, The Netherlands (2002–2004). Methods: By analyzing data on attempted and completed suicide (from the psychiatric department of general medical hospitals; the psychiatric emergency service and the municipal coroners). Results: Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years were at highest risk for attempted suicide (age-specific rate 545 / 100,000 and 421 / 100,000 person-years, respectively). Both rates were significantly higher than in the same age group of Dutch females (246 / 100,000 person-years). Turkish (2%) and Surinamese (7%) had lower repeat suicide-attempt rates than did Dutch (16%) females aged 15–24. Significantly lower suicide-attempt rates were found for Surinamese than for Dutch females aged 35–54 years. Differences were not explained by socioeconomic living conditions. The ratio fatal/nonfatal events was 4.5 times higher in males than in females and varied across age, gender, and ethnicity strata. Completed suicide was rare among migrant females. No completed suicides were observed in the Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years. Conclusions: The study demonstrates a high risk of attempted suicide and a low risk of completed suicide among young Turkish and Surinamese females.

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