The Influence of Physical and Mental Exercises on the Mental Health of Middle-Aged and Old People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract BackgroundTo evaluate the influence effect of physical and mental exercises on the mental health of the middle-aged and old people by using Meta analysis method. MethodsRetrieve databases such as CNKI, WanFang data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Pubmed, Scopus, web of science, etc. to collect randomized controlled trials of the effect of physical and mental exercises on the mental health of the middle-aged and old people. ResultsThe effects of physical and mental exercises on the somatization and obsessive-compulsive symptoms of middle-aged and old women belongs to a medium effect, and their influence effect on symptoms such as interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation belongs to a small effect. The effects of physical and mental exercises on the middle-aged people is greater than that of the old people for symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and hostility, which belongs to a small-to-medium effect. For the symptoms such as somatization, anxiety, and paranoid ideation, the influence effect of physical and mental exercises on the old is greater than that of the middle-aged, which belongs to a small-to-medium effect. The effects of physical and mental exercises for 45-60 minutes each time, 3 times a week, lasting 12-20 weeks on the middle-aged and old for symptoms such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation is significant, which belongs to a small-to-medium effect. The effects of Tai Chi exercise on somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoia and other symptoms of middle-aged and elderly people were small to medium. ConclusionPhysical and mental exercises have a small-to-medium effect on the middle-aged and old people for the symptoms such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and paranoid ideation, but they have no significant effect on psychosis.

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A Cross Cultural Study of Mental Health among Internet Addicted and Non-Internet Addicted: Iranian and Indian Students

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n1p146 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

Masoumeh Esmaeilivand ◽

Fereshteh Jalalvandi ◽

Mohammad Mehdi Mohammadi ◽

Shima Parandin ◽

Parvin Taghizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Phobic Anxiety ◽

Indian Students

INTRODUCTION: In the background of increasing use of internet in Asian countries, the study of psychological health in internet addicted users seems to be vital and necessary. Therefore the present study aimed to determine mental health among internet addicted and non-internet addicted Iranian and Indian students.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 students in various colleges from Pune and Mumbai cities of Maharashtra. Internet Addiction Test and Symptom Check List (SCL) 90-R were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.RESULTS: Internet addicted students were higher on Somatization, Obsessive-compulsive, Interpersonal sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid ideation, Psychoticism than Non-internet addicted students (P<0.05). Indian students had higher score on mental health domains compared to Iranian students (P<0.05). Female students had higher scores on Somatization, Obsessive-compulsive, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety and Psychoticism than male students (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Psychiatrists and psychologists who are active in the field of mental hygiene must be aware of mental problems associated with Internet addiction such as depression, anxiety, obsession, hypochondria, paranoia, interpersonal sensitivity, and job and educational dissatisfaction among Internet addicts.

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Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies

Molecular Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41380-021-01161-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Solmi ◽

Joaquim Radua ◽

Miriam Olivola ◽

Enrico Croce ◽

Livia Soardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Early Intervention ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Good Mental Health ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractPromotion of good mental health, prevention, and early intervention before/at the onset of mental disorders improve outcomes. However, the range and peak ages at onset for mental disorders are not fully established. To provide robust, global epidemiological estimates of age at onset for mental disorders, we conducted a PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review with meta-analysis of birth cohort/cross-sectional/cohort studies, representative of the general population, reporting age at onset for any ICD/DSM-mental disorders, identified in PubMed/Web of Science (up to 16/05/2020) (PROSPERO:CRD42019143015). Co-primary outcomes were the proportion of individuals with onset of mental disorders before age 14, 18, 25, and peak age at onset, for any mental disorder and across International Classification of Diseases 11 diagnostic blocks. Median age at onset of specific disorders was additionally investigated. Across 192 studies (n = 708,561) included, the proportion of individuals with onset of any mental disorders before the ages of 14, 18, 25 were 34.6%, 48.4%, 62.5%, and peak age was 14.5 years (k = 14, median = 18, interquartile range (IQR) = 11–34). For diagnostic blocks, the proportion of individuals with onset of disorder before the age of 14, 18, 25 and peak age were as follows: neurodevelopmental disorders: 61.5%, 83.2%, 95.8%, 5.5 years (k = 21, median=12, IQR = 7–16), anxiety/fear-related disorders: 38.1%, 51.8%, 73.3%, 5.5 years (k = 73, median = 17, IQR = 9–25), obsessive-compulsive/related disorders: 24.6%, 45.1%, 64.0%, 14.5 years (k = 20, median = 19, IQR = 14–29), feeding/eating disorders/problems: 15.8%, 48.1%, 82.4%, 15.5 years (k = 11, median = 18, IQR = 15–23), conditions specifically associated with stress disorders: 16.9%, 27.6%, 43.1%, 15.5 years (k = 16, median = 30, IQR = 17–48), substance use disorders/addictive behaviours: 2.9%, 15.2%, 48.8%, 19.5 years (k = 58, median = 25, IQR = 20–41), schizophrenia-spectrum disorders/primary psychotic states: 3%, 12.3%, 47.8%, 20.5 years (k = 36, median = 25, IQR = 20–34), personality disorders/related traits: 1.9%, 9.6%, 47.7%, 20.5 years (k = 6, median = 25, IQR = 20–33), and mood disorders: 2.5%, 11.5%, 34.5%, 20.5 years (k = 79, median = 31, IQR = 21–46). No significant difference emerged by sex, or definition of age of onset. Median age at onset for specific mental disorders mapped on a time continuum, from phobias/separation anxiety/autism spectrum disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/social anxiety (8-13 years) to anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa/obsessive-compulsive/binge eating/cannabis use disorders (17-22 years), followed by schizophrenia, personality, panic and alcohol use disorders (25-27 years), and finally post-traumatic/depressive/generalized anxiety/bipolar/acute and transient psychotic disorders (30-35 years), with overlap among groups and no significant clustering. These results inform the timing of good mental health promotion/preventive/early intervention, updating the current mental health system structured around a child/adult service schism at age 18.

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Hospitalized Adults' Role-Taking Ability, Psychiatric Status and Reported Symptomatology

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1979.44.1.319 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 319-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ben Ferguson

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

High Ability ◽

Medical Patients ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Role Taking ◽

Psychiatric Status ◽

Anxiety Depression

57 V.A. patients hospitalized for either psychiatric or medical reasons completed a role-taking test and the SCL-90-R symptom checklist. It was hypothesized that compared to medical patients, psychiatric patients would evidence inferior role-taking ability and report more symptomatology on a majority of the SCL-90-R dimensions. And, it was hypothesized that patients with low role-taking ability, compared to patients of high ability, would report more distress on SCL-90-R dimensions containing items dealing with disturbed interpersonal relationships. The latter two hypotheses were confirmed. Compared to medical patients, psychiatric patients complained of more distress due to the SCL-90-R dimensions of Paranoid Ideation, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Hostility, Psychoticism, Anxiety, Depression, Phobic Anxiety and Obsessive-compulsive. The psychiatric patients did not complain of greater distress on the SCL-90-R dimension labeled Somatization. Finally, patients of low role-taking ability, compared to high ability patients, reported more distress on SCL-90-R dimensions labeled Paranoid Ideation, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Hostility, and Psychoticism, suggesting that patients of low ability experience more distressful interpersonal interactions than subjects of high ability.

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The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on mental health and help-seeking behavior among Italian university students. A descriptive and cross-sectional study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.32515 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Micaela Di Consiglio ◽

Sheila Merola ◽

Tiziana Pascucci ◽

Cristiano Violani ◽

Alessandro Couyoumdjian

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

University Students ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Female Students ◽

Help Seeking Behavior ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND To reduce the spread of Covid-19 the Italian government imposed a rigid lockdown and, for a whole year, it kept declaring stringent rules to curb the community spread. The pandemic had a great negative impact on general population mental health, including the one of university students. OBJECTIVE The study provides an overview about symptomatology and help-seeking behavior of university students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and it aims to evaluate the impact of the different phases of the pandemic on students' mental health. METHODS We collected data in four time points: (1) March 2019-February 2020, (2) March-May 2020, (3) October-December 2020, (4) January 2020-March 2021. A total of 454 students have been included in the study. Students answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and a standardized questionnaire to evaluate a broad range of symptoms of psychopathology. Descriptive analyses have been conducted to explore student’s symptomatology and help-seeking behavior. Considering the significant gender-difference distribution between groups, groups comparison analysis has been conducted considering male and female separately. RESULTS Considering the total sample size, results suggest that students have experienced moderate to severe levels of depressive, obsessive-compulsive and anxiety symptomatology. About 14% of the sample met criteria for at least one mental health disorders, but most of them were not receiving mental health care. Moreover, during the lockdown, compared with other phases, female students reported worse symptoms in the following dimension: obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, paranoid ideation and psychoticism. The increasing symptomatology quickly disappeared after the lifting of the quarantine. Results showed any difference in the male groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the view of a negative mental health condition of university students and indicate an increase of symptomatology during the lockdown among female students. Preventive and support strategies should be improved in the university context.

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Comorbid Psychopathology and Alcohol Use Patterns among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients

Journal of Addiction ◽

10.1155/2015/197652 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Georgios Moussas ◽

Irene Fanouraki ◽

Argiro Pachi ◽

Arezina Asomatou ◽

Olga Drylli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽

Maintenance Treatment ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Methadone Maintenance ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Self Report ◽

Positive Symptom ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Phobic Anxiety

130 patients from a methadone maintenance treatment program agreed to complete Symptoms Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90R) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) self-report scales. Scores higher than the proposed cut-score on SCL-90R scale were observed on depression, obsessions-compulsions, paranoid ideation, anxiety, anger-hostility, somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, and psychoticism subscales. In sum, 42.9% of our sample exhibited depressive symptomatology, 34.9% obsessive-compulsive symptoms, 29.1% somatization, 27.2% anxiety symptoms, 22.2% paranoid ideation, 19% phobic anxiety, 15.1% psychoticism, and 15.1% hostility and 11.9% presented with symptoms of interpersonal sensitivity. Mean score on AUDIT scale was6.9±7.9. 63.0% of our participants scored below cut-off and were classified as having a low level of alcohol-related problems; 24.4% scored in the range of 8–15 which is an indication of alcohol abuse whereas 12.6% scored 16 and above indicative of serious abuse/addiction. Scores on AUDIT scale were positively correlated with length of time on methadone treatment, but not with length of time on drug use or age of our participants. Positive correlations were observed among AUDIT and SCL-90R scores, namely, with global severity index score, positive symptom distress index, positive symptom total, and all primary symptom dimensions subscales except phobic anxiety.

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Relationship between pain coping strategies with mental disorders symptoms in patients referring to dental clinics

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S180-S180

Author(s):

A. Homayouni ◽

R. Ahmadi ◽

G. Nikpour

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Pain Coping ◽

Pain Sensation ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Paranoid Ideation

IntroductionThe study aimed to assess the relationship between mental disorders symptoms with pain coping strategies in dentistry clinics.MethodOne hundred and twenty people with dental pain that attended in dentistry clinics were randomly selected and responded to Rosenstein and Keefe's Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire (PCSQ) and Derogatis's Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). PCSQ assesses six pain coping strategies: diverting attention, reinterpretation pain sensation, self-negotiation, ignoring pain, disastrous thought, hope–praying, and SCL-90 measures nine dimensions: somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. The data were analysed with Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test.ResultsFindings showed positive and significant relationship between disastrous thought with all mental disorders symptoms; and reinterpretation pain sensation with depression and anxiety. Also there is negative significant relationship between ignoring pain with obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity and somatization; and hope – praying with interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism. Meanwhile there were significant differences in males and females. Females got more scores in ignoring pain than males, and males got more scores in anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation tan females.DiscussionWith regard to findings, it is recommended that in addition to drug treatment, for changing the attitudes and thinking in patients with dental pain, psychiatrists and psychologists apply psychological treatments specially cognitive-behavior therapy to reduce abnormal thinking level about pain so that the length during of treatment declines, and as a results reduce the personality and health problems that is related with dental pain before and in during of drug treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17165670 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (16) ◽

pp. 5670 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Torres Toda ◽

Asier Anabitarte Riol ◽

Marta Cirach ◽

Marisa Estarlich ◽

Ana Fernández-Somoano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Severity Index ◽

Population Based ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Logistic Regression Models

Exposure to greenspace has been related to improved mental health, but the available evidence is limited and findings are heterogeneous across different areas. We aimed to evaluate the associations between residential exposure to greenspace and specific psychopathological and psychosomatic symptoms related to mental health among mothers from a Spanish birth cohort. Our study was based on data from 1171 women participating in two follow-ups of a population-based cohort in Valencia, Sabadell, and Gipuzkoa (2004–2012). For each participant, residential surrounding greenspace was estimated as the average of the satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across different buffers around the residential address at the time of delivery and at the 4-year follow-up. The Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R) was applied to characterize mental health at the 4-year follow-up. We developed mixed-effects logistic regression models controlled for relevant covariates to evaluate the associations. Higher residential surrounding greenspace was associated with a lower risk of somatization and anxiety symptoms. For General Severity Index (GSI), obsessive–compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism symptoms, we generally observed protective associations, but none attained statistical significance. Findings from this study suggested a potential positive impactof greenspace on mental health.

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综合性高校“95后”大学生心理健康追踪研究及思考 ——以长江大学为例

心理咨询理论与实践 ◽

10.35534/tppc/0103012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 01 (03) ◽

pp. 129-137

Author(s):

丹易 ◽

平张

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

College Students ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Colleges And Universities ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽

Health And Development ◽

Comprehensive Colleges

目的：了解综合性高校“95后”大学生群体的心理健康及其发展状况。方法：以长江大学2013级至2016级28512名学生为研究对象，在各年级进校时采用SCL-90和16PF进行测评，在其大二下学期时再次进行SCL-90测评。结果：（1）“95后”大学生大一入校时SCL-90检出率排名前三的因子是强迫症状、人际关系敏感和抑郁，大二下学期时检出率排名前三的因子是强迫症状、人际关系敏感和其他。（2）学生入校一年半后，SCL-90总分和强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性8个因子的得分均呈现显著下降（p<0.001）。（3）16PF测评结果既没有呈现出低分特征（1-3分），也没有呈现出高分特征（8-10分）。 Objective: To understand the mental health and development of “after-95” college students in comprehensive colleges and universities. Methods: A total of 28512 students from class 2013 to class 2016 in Yangtze University were selected as subjects of study, and evaluated twice by SCL-90 and PF16. Results: (1) The top three factors of SCL-90 detection rate of afterr-95 freshmen were obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and depression. The top three factors in the second semester of sophomore year were obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and others. (2) After one and a half years of enrollment, the total score of SCL-90 and eight factors, including compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia and psychosis, decreased significantly (p < 0.001). (3) The results of 16PF showed neither low score (1-3 points) nor high score (8-10 points).

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Self-Perceived Facial Attractiveness, Fluctuating Asymmetry, and Minor Ailments Predict Mental Health Outcomes

Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology ◽

10.1007/s40750-021-00172-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Javier I. Borráz-León ◽

Markus J. Rantala ◽

Severi Luoto ◽

Indrikis A. Krams ◽

Jorge Contreras-Garduño ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Facial Attractiveness ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Paranoid Ideation ◽

Psychopathological Symptoms ◽

Mixed Sample ◽

Minor Ailments ◽

Perceived Attractiveness

Abstract Objective Phenotypic markers associated with developmental stability such as fluctuating asymmetry, facial attractiveness, and reports of minor ailments can also act as indicators of overall physical health. However, few studies have assessed whether these markers might also be cues of mental health. We tested whether self- and other-perceived facial attractiveness, fluctuating asymmetry, and minor ailments are associated with psychopathological symptoms in a mixed sample of 358 college students, controlling for the effects of body mass index, age, and sex. Methods We applied the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire to assess psychopathological symptoms, a battery of questionnaires about self-perceptions of facial attractiveness, and gathered information about the number of previous minor ailments as well as demographic data. Other-perceived attractiveness was assessed by an independent mixed sample of 109 subjects. Subjects’ facial fluctuating asymmetry was determined by geometric morphometrics. Results The results revealed that in both men and women, higher self-perceived attractiveness and fewer minor ailments predicted lower scores of Somatization, Obsessive–Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Phobic Anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, Psychoticism, and a General Psychopathology Index. Higher facial fluctuating asymmetry was associated with higher Interpersonal Sensitivity, but did not contribute to its prediction when controlling for the other studied variables. Conclusions The observed strong associations between self-perceived attractiveness, minor ailments, and psychopathology indicate common developmental pathways between physiological and psychological symptomatology which may reflect broader life history (co)variation between genetics, developmental environment, and psychophysiological functioning.

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The Importance of Physical Activity in the Protection of the Mental Health of Students of Faculty of Sport Sciences

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v6i10.3539 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Halil Tanır ◽

Murat Özmaden

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

General Symptom ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Sports Sciences

The purpose of the present research is determining the psychological symptoms observed among the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences and to define the effects of physical activity on the mental health of the students. The sample of the research consists of 222 volunteer students (n=75 female and n=147 male) who study at Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Sports Sciences in 2017-2018 Academic Year. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to define the physical activity levels of students and Symptom Distress Check List (SCL-90-R) was used to define the psychological symptoms of the students. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data collected for the present research. According to the findings of the statistical analyses, the most frequent psychological symptoms observed among students respectively were obsessive-compulsive symptoms (70.3%, n=156), paranoid thoughts (63.1%, n=140), interpersonal sensitivity (51.8%, n=115) and anger hostility (51.4%, n=114). It was also found that there was a significant negative correlation between the physical activity levels of the students and general symptom averages and the psychological symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, anger hostility at 0.01 level (p>0.05). According to the findings of the present research, symptoms, such as obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paranoid thoughts, interpersonal sensitivity and anger hostility are observed, and general symptom average was high among students of Faculty of Sports Sciences and psychological symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, anger hostility, phobic reaction decreased as the physical activity level of the students increased. Psychological symptoms other than psychotics were mostly among female students. Participation in meditation, yoga, music therapy, exercise and physical activity programs as well as applied lessons in the curriculum can contribute to the prevention of mental problems among students with these symptoms.

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