COGNITIVE MODELS OF THE BARBARITY TRIGGER

Author(s):  
В.П. Буданова

Статья представляет предварительный анализ категориального языка варваристики в контексте взаимодействия цивилизации и варварства. На протяжении истории варварство претерпевало серьезную мутацию, меняя семантику, но сохраняя матрицу своей «материнской» стадиальной лексики. Выработан особый лексикон агрессивных злонамеренных действий, характеризующих или нарастание варварства, или его изживание. Некоторые термины и понятия продолжают употребляться метафорически и методологически, скорее ориентируя, нежели определяя. В статье рассматривается особая деструктивная роль стимулов, толчков, порождающих всплески варварства, что актуализировало необходимость ввести в варваристику новое понятие — «триггер» варварства. Подобная исследовательская задача ставится в исторической науке впервые. Триггер рассматривается в качестве действия, ставшего толчком для сущностного изменения, решающего поворота, скачка или стремительного перехода из одного функционального состояния в другое. Исследовательская стратегия статьи определена когнитивным подходом конкретно-исторического анализа проявления триггеров варварства в широком географическом и хронологическом контексте. Это позволяет обратить внимание на «пороховые погреба» варварства тлеющего, скрытого и скрываемого, на механизм, инструментарий и формы проявления триггеров. Постановка проблемы вызвана необходимостью поиска новых методологий в разработке более глобальной проблемы — цивилизация vs. варварство в условиях современного цивилизационного кризиса, на пороге кардинальных изменений представлений о природе варвара и варварства, которое развивается и эволюционирует быстрее, чем его исследование и осмысление. The article presents a preliminary analysis of the categorical language of barbarism in the context of the interaction of civilization and barbarism. Throughout history, barbarism has undergone a severe mutation, changing semantics, but still retaining the matrix of its «maternal» stadium vocabulary. A unique lexicon of aggressive, malicious actions has been developed, characterizing either the growth of barbarism or its elimination. Some terms and concepts continue to be used metaphorically and methodologically, orienting rather than defining. The article considers the special destructive role of stimuli and shocks that generate bursts of barbarism, which actualized the need to introduce a new concept into barbarism — the «trigger» of barbarism. Such a research task is being set in historical science for the first time. A trigger is considered an action that has become the impetus for an essential change, a decisive turn, a leap, or a rapid transition from one functional state to another. The research strategy of the article is determined by the cognitive approach of a concrete historical analysis of the manifestation of barbarism triggers in a broad geographical and chronological context. This allows us to pay attention to the «powder cellars» of smoldering, hidden and concealed barbarism, to the mechanism, tools and forms of manifestation of triggers. The problem statement is caused by the need to search for new methodologies in the development of a more global problem - civilization vs. barbarism in the conditions of the modern civilizational crisis, on the threshold of cardinal changes in the ideas about the nature of the barbarian and barbarism, that develops and evolves faster than the research and comprehension.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asel Sartbaeva ◽  
Paul R. Raithby ◽  
Remi Castaing ◽  
Antony Nearchou

Through a combination of thermogravimetry, mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis, we demonstrate for the first time that all four zeolites show experimental differences in their host-guest interactions with 18C6. In addition, we have estimated the kinetics of 18C6 decomposition, which is a technique that has not been applied to zeolites previously. Using these findings as a toolkit, a more rational use of OSDAs can be utilised to prepare designer zeolites. Furthermore, the new methodologies presented herein can be applied to current zeolites, such as MFI-type zeolites used in the petrochemical industry.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1165
Author(s):  
Taoufik Mnasri ◽  
Adel Abbessi ◽  
Rached Ben Younes ◽  
Atef Mazioud

AbstractThis work focuses on identifying the thermal conductivity of composites loaded with phase-change materials (PCMs). Three configurations are studied: (1) the PCMs are divided into identical spherical inclusions arranged in one plane, (2) the PCMs are inserted into the matrix as a plate on the level of the same plane of arrangement, and (3) the PCMs are divided into identical spherical inclusions arranged periodically in the whole matrix. The percentage PCM/matrix is fixed for all cases. A comparison among the various situations is made for the first time, thus providing a new idea on how to insert PCMs into composite matrices. The results show that the composite conductivity is the most important consideration in the first case, precisely when the arrangement plane is parallel with the flux and diagonal to the entry face. In the present work, we are interested in exploring the solid-solid PCMs. The PCM polyurethane and a wood matrix are particularly studied.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruofeng Rao ◽  
Zhilin Pu

By formulating a contraction mapping and the matrix exponential function, the authors apply linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique to investigate and obtain the LMI-based stability criterion of a class of time-delay Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy differential equations. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to obtain the LMI-based stability criterion derived by a fixed point theory. It is worth mentioning that LMI methods have high efficiency and other advantages in largescale engineering calculations. And the feasibility of LMI-based stability criterion can efficiently be computed and confirmed by computer Matlab LMI toolbox. At the end of this paper, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Shivkumari Panda ◽  
Dibakar Behera ◽  
Tapan Kumar Bastia

This chapter presents the preparation and characterization of some unique properties of nanocomposites by dispersing graphite flakes in commercial unsaturated polyester (UPE) matrix. The composite was prepared by a novel method with the use of solvent swelling technique. Three different specimens of UPE/graphite nanocomposites were fabricated with addition of 1, 2 and 3 wt% of graphite flakes. Except mechanical, viscoelastic and thermo gravimetric properties, transport properties like electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and water transport properties were studied for the first time. Graphite flakes propose enhanced properties to the composites suggesting homogeneous distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix and strong interaction with the matrix. 2wt% nanofiller loading showed superior essential characteristics and after that the properties reduced may be due to the nucleating tendency of the nanofiller particles. The XRD pattern showed the compatibility of the graphite flakes by introducing a peak around 26.550 in the nanocomposites. SEM Properties are also in agreement with the compatibility. Nanocomposite with 2wt% graphite also showed remarkable enhancement in transport, mechanical, viscoelastic and thermo gravimetric properties. So by introduction of a small quantity of graphite endow the new class of multiphase nanocomposites with inimitable structure and tremendous application.


Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Ф.С. Киреев

В статье анализируются причины возвращения войсковой системы самоуправления Терского казачества и показан сам процесс создания выборности войсковой власти. Актуальность исследования казачьего самоуправления обусловлена необходимостью теоретического обоснования и практического осуществления самоорганизации казачества России. Исторический анализ процесса организации самоуправления Терского казачества на войсковом уровне может послужить фундаментом для лучшего понимания и оценки современных процессов и явлений в казачьей среде и поможет выстраиванию государственной политики в отношении казачества в современной России. В отечественной историографии отсутствуют работы, посвященные конкретно восстановлению выборности власти в Терском казачьем войске. Поэтому научная новизна исследования определяется тем, что впервые предпринята попытка хронологической реконструкции истории создания войсковой системы самоуправления Терского казачества. Методологической основой исследования является принцип историзма, что предусматривает изучение момента возникновения исторического события и этапы его развития. Анализ событий на Тереке в 1917 г. показывает, что терские казаки смогли самоорганизоваться, создать полноценное административно-территориальное образование, и лишь изменение социально-политической ситуации в России в целомпомешало укрепить и продолжить это начинание. Еще необходимо отметить, что терские казаки к моменту восстановления войскового самоуправления подошли уже с готовыми проектами соответствующих документов, что позволило Терскому войску первым среди других войск создать свою выборную власть. Это говорит о высоком интеллектуальном потенциале в среде терских казаков. The article analyzes the reasons for the restoration of the military system of self-government of the Terek Cossacks and shows the very process of creating the elective military power. The relevance of the study of Cossack self-government is due to the need for theoretical justification and practical implementation of the self-organization of the Cossacks of Russia. Historical analysis of the process of organizing self-government of the Terek Cossacks at the military level can serve as a foundation for better understanding and assessment of modern processes and phenomena in the Cossack environment and will help to build state policy towards the Cossacks in modern Russia. In the Russian historiography, there are no works devoted specifically to the restoration of the election of power in the Terek Cossack army. Therefore, the scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time an attempt was made to chronologically reconstruct the history of the creation of the military system of self-government of the Terek Cossacks. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism, with its focus on the study of the moment of occurrence of a historical event and the stages of its development. An analysis of the events on the Terek in 1917 shows that the Terek Cossacks were able to organize themselves and create a full-fledged administrative-territorial entity and only a change in the socio-political situation in Russia as a whole was placed, strengthened and continued this initiative. It should also be noted that the Terek Cossacks, by the time of the restoration of military self-government, came up with ready-made drafts of relevant documents, which allowed the Terek army to be the first among other troops to create their own elected power. This indicates a high intellectual potential among the Terek cossacks.


Author(s):  
Monica HARMANESCU

Principal Components and Classification Analysis (PC&CA) represents one of the most utilised multivariate chemometric techniques, having the advantage to use many measurements for a single sample in the same time, being recommended for understanding better the complexity of one phenomenon. The aim of this paper was to use PC&CA to study the effects of different types of fertilizers on polyphenols content of forages harvested in autumn from permanent grassland. Gravimetrically was established the matrix of floristic composition. The experimental field was fertilized first time in 2003, organic and/or NPK mineral. The determination of polyphenols contents was made using UV-VIS SPECORD 205 spectrophotometer, in conformity to chemical Folin and Ciocalteu colorimetric method. The highest polyphenols content was identified in forages from unfertilized variant (108 µM gallic acid/g). PC&CA can be a useful tool in describing the modification of polyphenols contents of forages under the effects of organic and/or mineral fertilisation of permanent grassland.


Author(s):  
Michael A. Eldin ◽  
Sergey I. Malozemov

Introduction. The role of Orthodox confessional heritage and the analysis of social traditions of the Balkan and Russian peoples are considered in the generalizing characteristic of the spiritual creations of the thinkers of Rus and Russia. The multidirectional tendencies of anti-clerical forces on the one hand, and of the Church community on the other, indicate that the topic of secularization of Russian society has not received an actual resolution. The purpose of the article is to examine the understanding of the processes of caesaropapism and secularism in Russian society, as well as the historiosophical and methodological consequences of this understanding. Materials and Methods. An integrative approach combined with historical-methodological and philosophical-historical analysis is considered as a theoretical and methodological research strategy. The solution of research problems was provided by a complex of complementary theoretical (analysis of scientific, historical literature, journalistic research on the problem under study, comparative analysis of texts, comparison, generalization) and empirical (study and generalization of normative and legal documents of the concepts of caesaropapism and secularism) methods. Results. The considered model of understanding secularization and secularism in the realities of Russian history indicates the secondary, borrowed nature of these concepts. According to the authors, the Decrees of the Byzantine emperors, acts of the Council of people’s Commissars “On the separation of Church from state and Church from school” did not meet the expectations of the participants of the local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church, who expressed their aspirations in the document “on the legal status of the Russian Orthodox Church”. Discussion and Conclusion. The expected effect of the actual understanding of the processes can be a well-built model of state-Church relations, which can only appear if the diverse interests of the actors of modern state-religious policy in Russia are balanced. The proposed provisions and conclusions create prerequisites for further study of the phenomena of secularism and secularization in the design of the state-religious landscape of the near future.


2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Miranian

AbstractIn the work presented below the classical subject of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle is discussed in the matrix setting. An explicit matrix representation of the matrix valued orthogonal polynomials in terms of the moments of the measure is presented. Classical recurrence relations are revisited using the matrix representation of the polynomials. The matrix expressions for the kernel polynomials and the Christoffel–Darboux formulas are presented for the first time.


Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Santiago Artidiello ◽  
Alicia Cordero ◽  
Juan R. Torregrosa ◽  
María P. Vassileva

A secant-type method is designed for approximating the inverse and some generalized inverses of a complex matrix A. For a nonsingular matrix, the proposed method gives us an approximation of the inverse and, when the matrix is singular, an approximation of the Moore–Penrose inverse and Drazin inverse are obtained. The convergence and the order of convergence is presented in each case. Some numerical tests allowed us to confirm the theoretical results and to compare the performance of our method with other known ones. With these results, the iterative methods with memory appear for the first time for estimating the solution of a nonlinear matrix equations.


Electron microscope observations of cavities in steels have shown that they are often associated with microstructural features as well as occurring randomly in the matrix. Previous theoretical studies of gas bubble nucleation have concentrated on either homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation. In the present work we extend the homogeneous nucleation rate theory for rare gases in solids to include, for the first time, the competitive mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation. The model indicates that the temperature dependence of the bubble density varies as the binding energy between a trap and a single gas atom is changed, and provides an interpretation of the high Arrhenius energy found from observed cavity densities.


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