The Water Management Mechanism Improvement in the Zone of Risked Land Use

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Katerina I. Ryzhova ◽  
Valerii N. Mandzyk ◽  
Andriy I. Holybkov
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Management System ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Domestic Capital

The peculiarities of forming an effective water management system in the area of risk agricultural land use are considered. The main tendencies of capital investments financing and current expenses for protection and rehabilitation of soil, underground and surface waters are analyzed. In addition, as the analysis shows, low investment attractiveness, especially in the melioration zone, does not contribute to the flow not only of foreign but also of domestic capital, which multiplier influences the slowdown in the rates of socio-economic functioning of settlements located in areas of melioration land concentration. It has been shown that best practices prove that investing in the functioning of land melioration is a major factor in improving the efficiency of agrarian production. That is why it has been recognized as one of the priority directions of the stable functioning of agrarian production. The developed countries use quite different forms of investment activities, and in the process of regulation of investment activity such countries use various measures that form favorable conditions for attracting both domestic and foreign capital. It is shown that the formation of effective management system is impossible without institutionalization of a wide spectrum of forms of partnership relations between different objects of functioning. The prospects for increasing the amount of land melioration financing are associated with the spread of cooperation processes between the state and the water users association regarding the operation of land melioration systems with the ability to combine budget financing with investments of private business entities, both domestic and foreign. The prospects of foreign experience regarding the investing in the functioning of agricultural land melioration are analyzed. The agricultural land melioration is the most important factor in improving the efficiency of agricultural production in Ukraine. It is shown that the reforming of irrigation systems management should be carried out on the basis of decentralization with the transfer of water management and water operating functions to water users on the basis of their association. Key words: association of water users, water resources, irrigated agriculture, investment, integrated management.

Uzbekistan’s Aquatic Environment and Water Management as an Area of Interest for Hydrology and Thematic Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Jacek RÓŻKOWSKI ◽  
Mariusz RZĘTAŁA
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Area Of Interest

The functioning of Uzbekistan’s economy is closely linked to the water resources of its huge cross-border rivers: the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, as well as to the groundwater present within their basins. Both natural lakes and artificial reservoirs (e.g. the Aydar-Arnasay system of lakes, the Kayrakkum Reservoir, the Chardarya Reservoir) are present there, which retain significant amounts of water, and large canals with lengths of up to several hundred kilometres which involve complex hydraulic structures are used for irrigation purposes. All these are components of a water management system which needs optimisation; as much as 80% of agricultural land is irrigated, with 70% of the water being lost due to inefficient irrigation systems. The consequence of this allocation of river flows and the overuse of water in irrigation systems has been the disappearance of the Aral Sea (1960 year – 68,900 km2, 2017 year – 8,600 km2) and the inflow of water into the Sarygamysh Lake as well as the reduction of Uzbekistan’s groundwater resources by about 40%. The intensive development of irrigated agriculture is associated with changes in surface and groundwater quality caused, inter alia, by the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and the discharge of collector-drainage waters into river systems as well as their reuse. The extent of environmental degradation in some areas (especially in the Aral Sea region) is unique on a global scale. The origins of Uzbekistan’s other hydrological tourist attractions are related to attempts to ensure the availability of water for both human consumption and industrial use under conditions of water scarcity in the country’s arid and semi-arid climates. Not just the spectacular watercourses and water bodies present there (e.g. rivers, lakes, canals), but also small water retention facilities and minor infrastructure elements (e.g. wells, springs and retention basins, canals, ditches and flow control structures) are of potential tourist importance.

scholarly journals Soil Pollution Management in China: A Brief Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiankui Li ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Sijie Lin ◽  
Yangze Liu ◽  
Yunfeng Xie
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Management System ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Pollution Management

Soil pollution has become a severe environmental issue in China over the past few decades due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. However, traditionally, few laws and regulations have focused on soil pollution in China. In response to this emerging threat, new policies, regulations, and measures have been proposed and implemented in recent years. This paper summarizes the existing law, action plan, regulations, and risk control rules regarding soil pollution prevention in China. Moreover, it compares soil pollution management between China and other developed countries. China has now established a comprehensive soil management system based on risk-based control. Regulations have been formulated for agricultural land, contaminated land, and industrial and mining land. Separate risk control rules exist for agricultural land and development land. Agricultural land can be classified as priority protection, safe utilization, and strict management with respect to soil pollution levels and agricultural products. The risk control rules for development land set different standards for sensitive land and non-sensitive land. Comparisons with developed countries show that their experiences of risk-based control and the “polluter pays” principle have been adopted in China. Additional scientific research and public participation are recommended for future updates to these policies. This study provides a comprehensive introduction to the newly established soil management system in China.

The Water-Land-Energy-Food-Climate Nexus In Sardinia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Trabucco ◽  
Sara Masia ◽  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
Donatella Spano ◽  
Simone Mereu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
The Mediterranean

<p>Water use in the Mediterranean has been often pushed beyond sustainability, leading to water degradation and deterioration of ecosystem services. Different factors are interlinked with water management within a dynamically complex system (i.e. the Nexus) characterized by many feedbacks, trade-offs and high complexity of socioeconomic and environmental agents inducing non-linear responses hard to predict. Understanding such nexus systems requires innovative methodologies able to integrate different domains (e.g. hydrology, economics, planning, environmental and social sciences) and potential feedbacks, to support effective and targeted adaptation measures, taking into consideration uncertainty of climate change forecasts and associated impacts. Within the H2020 SIM4NEXUS project, water-land-energy-food-climate nexus links for Sardinia Island were represented with system dynamics modelling, together with relevant policy objectives, goals and measures. Sardinia, as many other Mediterranean regions, must implement a sustainable approach to water management, taking into account an equitable distribution of water resources between different sectors, economic needs, social priorities and ecology of freshwater ecosystems.</p><p>For the Sardinia case study, the main focus was the representation of the reservoir water balance for the island, accounting predominantly for water supply and for water demand related to agricultural, hydro-power production, domestic/tourist consumption and environmental flows. With irrigated agriculture being the largest water consumer, this sector was modelled in more detail with crop specific distribution and projections. While water is the central focus, links with other nexus sectors including energy, climate, food and land use are included. Energy generation and consumption were also important along with the mode of generation and sector of consumption, as was modelling the change in crop types (i.e. land use and food production changes) and the crop water requirements associated with potential crop and cropped area changes, and in response to change in the local climate. Energy production is modelled from sources including oil, coal and methane, solar, wind and hydropower, while energy demand comes from the agricultural, domestic, industrial and service sectors (including transportation). The use of energy from the different sectors and using different energy sources, either renewable and not renewable, have different implication on GHG and climate change.</p><p>While driven by strong interests to secure food provisions, an increase in irrigation in the Mediterranean may not be totally sustainable. Irrigation requirements of crops are projected to increase between 4 and 18% for 2050 compared to present conditions, limiting expansion of irrigated agriculture in Sardinia. Over the same period the inflow in the reservoirs can decrease between 5 and 20% and evaporation losses from reservoir surface bodies increase by 10%. Policy rules are tested and highlight how optimal allocation should be enforced in order to safeguard sustainability of natural resources over time, especially when considering climate variability. Natural resources are better preserved avoiding conflicts with strong seasonal peaks (i.e. summer). To meet these criticalities, new infrastructures and investments should increase use efficiency, All this would require changes in institutional and market conditions with a more cautious water management that includes prices and recycling policies.</p>

Reconciling productivity with protection of the environment: Is temperate agroforestry the answer?

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Smith ◽  
Bruce D. Pearce ◽  
Martin S. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Population ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Multifunctional Land Use ◽  
Temperate Agroforestry ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

AbstractMeeting the needs for a growing world population calls for multifunctional land use, which can meet the multiple demands of food and fuel production, environmental and biodiversity protection, and has the capacity for adaptation or resilience to climate change. Agroforestry, a land-use system that integrates trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock production, has been identified by the International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD) as a ‘win–win’ approach that balances the production of commodities (food, feed, fuel, fiber, etc.) with non-commodity outputs such as environmental protection and cultural and landscape amenities. Evidence is now coming to light that supports the promotion of agroforestry in temperate developed countries as a sustainable alternative to the highly industrialized agricultural model with its associated negative environmental externalities. This paper reviews this evidence within the ‘ecosystem services’ framework to evaluate agroforestry as part of a multifunctional working landscape in temperate regions. Establishing trees on agricultural land can help to mitigate many of the negative impacts of agriculture, for example by regulating soil, water and air quality, supporting biodiversity, reducing inputs by natural regulation of pests and more efficient nutrient cycling, and by modifying local and global climates. The challenge now lies in promoting the adoption of agroforestry as a mainstream land use through research, dissemination of information and policy changes.

Responsible Land-Based Investment in Ukraine: International Regulatory Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Sergii Borodin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Responsible Investment ◽  
Small Producers

In 2021, a free agricultural land market was opened in Ukraine. So, an increase in investments in the acquisition of agricultural land in Ukraine is expected, which actualizes social problems, particularly guaranteeing the rights of peasants, small producers and small farmers, vulnerable groups of the population, women, and rural youth to own and use land. The risks of land investments for the Ukrainian economy are associated with the loss of a small landowner, the displacement of the farming system, an increase in rural unemployment, violation of the rights of rural communities, and the destruction of the rural living environment. The purpose of the study is to substantiate recommendations for Ukraine based on an analysis of international experience in regulating the processes of attracting responsible land investment and highlighting the basic principles of responsible investment in agriculture and food systems. The main international documents on responsible investments in the implementation of large-scale land projects were analyzed. It has been established that foreign investment in land tenure and land use in Ukraine is associated with high demand due to the availability of supply of agricultural land and the opening of a land sale and purchase market, the transformation of natural resources into commercial assets, a corruption component, and uncertainty with the value of the land. The necessity of the following steps has been substantiated: а) development of recommendations for responsible investment in land tenure and land use; b) introduction of the concept of “responsible land investment” into the national legislative field; c) development of a system for regulating investment activity based on international standards. The author suggested recognizing family farmers, small owners, and small producers, especially women, rural youth, rural residents, as the main responsible investors in the field of land use in Ukraine.

Societal vision vs. farmers’ reality: an approach to evaluate if agricultural intensification is sustainable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Helfenstein ◽  
Matthias Bürgi ◽  
Vasco Diogo ◽  
Franziska Mohr ◽  
Beatrice Schüpbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Agroecological Movement ◽  
New Policies

<p>There is broad agreement that agriculture has to become more sustainable in order to provide enough healthy food at minimal economic, environmental and social costs. But what is “more sustainable”? More often than not, different stakeholders have opposing opinions on what a more sustainable future should look like. In this study, we present an approach to assess the sustainability of agricultural development based on societal visions. We illustrate the approach by linking observed changes in agricultural land use intensity in a Swiss case study area with desired change according to three contrasting visions. The three visions, from a liberal think-tank, the Swiss Farmer Association, and the agroecological movement, cover a wide spectrum of sociopolitical interest groups in Swiss agriculture. The observed developments aligned most closely with desired developments of the liberal think-tank. Farmer interviews revealed that farms increased in size (+ 57%), became more specialized, and more productive (+ 223%) over the past 20 years. In addition, interpretation of aerial photographs indicated that farming became more rationalized at the landscape level, with increasing field sizes (+ 34%) and removal of solitary field trees (-18%). The case study example highlights the potential of societal visions to assess changes in land use intensity and outcomes in various sustainability dimensions. The main advantages are that the approach accommodates multiple stakeholder goals, while explicitly addressing their narratives and respective systems of values and norms, thus being more informative to the wider public. For these reasons, we argue that future assessments of sustainability should focus on contrasting observed developments with desired change by various stakeholder groups. This could help identify mismatches between desired and actual development and pave the way for designing appropriate new policies.</p>

АНАЛИЗ ВОДООБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТИ АПК КРАСНОДАРСКОГО КРАЯ

2020 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
I.G. Bondarik
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Management System ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Water Users ◽  
The Future

В статье проведен анализ водообеспеченности агропромышленного комплекса Краснодарского края за 10 лет и на перспективу. Рассмотрены основные водопользователи и отрасли с наибольшим потреблением воды, такие как рисосеяние, животноводство и прудовые рыбоводческие хозяйства. Выявлено сокращение поливаемых земель в Краснодарском крае, снижение суммарного водозабора и оросительных норм. Выполнен прогноз водообеспеченности на перспективу до 2030 г. и предложены меры по оптимизации системы управления водным хозяйством.The article analyzes the water availability of the agricultural complex of the Krasnodar Territory over 10 years and for the future. The main water users and sectors with the highest water consumption, such as rice cultivation, animal husbandry and pond fish farms, are considered. The reduction an irrigated land in the Krasnodar Territory, the decrease in the total water intake and irrigation norms were identified. The forecast of water availability for the future until 2030 has been completed and measures have been proposed to optimize the water management system.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Functioning Mechanisms of ‘TANK Systems’ in Peri-Urban Areas of Chennai, India—Land Use Change as the Determinant

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Rukkumany R. Harishankar ◽  
Ranee Vedamuthu
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Community Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Common Lands

Ensuring the sustenance of water resources that act as sources of water for cities threatened by urbanization and developmental pressures is a crucial problem in peri-urban areas. The objective of this research was to establish the role of change in agricultural land use as a determinant in the evaluation of the existing water management system and to ascertain whether the control by the government or community management can be effective in ensuring the sustenance of water resources in peri-urban areas. The cases selected for the study were the water management systems present in two villages located in the peri-urban areas of Chennai, India. This research adopted a case study strategy with mixed methods of analyses. The analysis traces trajectories of change in the land use of agricultural lands and the common lands related to water management through methods, trend analysis, analysis of spatial patterns of change and the changes in the components of the community management. Results from the analysis indicated that under the context of intensive change from agricultural to nonagricultural land uses, the interlinkages within the traditional community management model had broken up, making community control improbable. The current management model of the government was also found to be inadequate. Results indicated that government agencies with trained personnel engaged in periodic maintenance activities, constant monitoring against encroachment, and pollution, and through the formation of user associations under their control can ensure the sustenance of water resources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document